Tympanic Membrane Eustachian Tube Pinna Auditory Nerve Semicircular Canals Malleus Hammer Incus Anvil Stapes Stirrup Pinna also called the auricle the visible part of the outer ear It collects sound and directs it into the outer ear canal ID: 911148
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Slide1
The Ear
Slide2Cochlea
External Auditory Canal
Tympanic Membrane
Eustachian Tube
Pinna
Auditory Nerve
Semicircular Canals
Malleus
(Hammer)
Incus
(Anvil)
Stapes
(Stirrup)
Slide3Pinna
(also called the auricle) the visible part of the outer ear. It collects sound and directs it into the outer ear canal
Slide4External Auditory Canal
the tube through which sound travels to the eardrum.
Slide5Tympanic Membrane (Eardrum)
thin membrane that vibrates when sound waves reach it.
Slide6Eustachian tube
a tube that connects the middle ear to the back of the nose; it equalizes the pressure between the middle ear and the air outside.
Slide7hammer - (also called the malleus
a tiny bone that passes vibrations from the eardrum to the anvil.
Slide8anvil - (also called the incus)
a tiny bone that passes vibrations from the hammer to the stirrup.
Slide9stirrup - (also called the stapes)
a tiny, U-shaped bone that passes vibrations from the stirrup to the cochlea.
Slide10Cochlea
a spiral-shaped, fluid-filled inner ear structure; it is lined with cilia (tiny hairs) that move when vibrated and cause a nerve impulse to form.
Slide11Semicircular Canals
three loops of fluid-filled tubes that are attached to the cochlea in the inner ear. They help us maintain our sense of balance.
Slide12Auditory Nerves
these carry electro-chemical signals from the inner ear (the cochlea) to the brain.
Slide13How we hear
Slide141. Something vibrates and creates a sound wave
2. travels
to the ear and is collect by the outer ear.
3. Sound moves
into the ear canal
.
When it reaches the end of the ear canal, the sound waves bump up against the eardrum.
4. The
ear drum vibrates with these sound waves.
5. The
vibration moves tiny bones in the middle ear.
These bones carry vibrations into the inner ear to a fluid-filled tube called the cochlea.
6. The
fluid inside the cochlea vibrates a series of tiny hairs called cilia, which are attached to auditory nerves.
7.
The movement of these cilia stimulates the nerve cells, and they send signals to the brain via the auditory nerve.
8. The brain processes these signals into the sounds we hear
9
. the
brain identifies those sound vibrations as familiar sounds or words
5
6
7
Slide15http://www.amplifon.co.uk/interactive-ear/index.html
Slide16Types of hearing loss
Hearing loss can be categorized by which part of the auditory system is damaged. There are three basic types of hearing loss: conductive hearing loss,
sensorineural
hearing loss, and mixed hearing loss.
Slide17Conductive hearing loss
affects the passage of sound between the ear drum and the inner ear
. Conductive hearing loss usually involves a reduction in sound level or the ability to hear faint sounds. This type of hearing loss can often be corrected medically or surgically.
Slide18Slide19Sensorineural hearing loss
damage to the hair cells in the cochlea (this is the sensory hearing organ) or damage to the neural pathways of hearing (nerves).
Most of the time, SNHL cannot be medically or surgically corrected. This is the most common type of permanent hearing
loss. SNHL
reduces the ability to hear faint sounds. Even when speech is loud enough to hear, it may still be unclear or sound muffled
.
Slide20Slide21Mixed hearing loss
a
combination of conductive and
sensorineural
hearing loss. This means that there may be damage in the outer or middle ear and in the inner ear (cochlea) or auditory nerve.
Slide22How old are your ears?
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=VxcbppCX6Rk
Slide23Hearing Loss simulator
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=TD5E88fFnxE
ACTIVITY 1: Hearing Simulations
List emotions that you were feeling as you tried to listen to the hearing loss simulations.
Did you notice any changes in your body language and/or temperament?What challenges do you think you would face if you had a hearing loss?
Slide24ACTIVITY 2: Unfair Spelling Test
Were
you frustrated as you took the unfair spelling test? If so, describe the challenges you faced taking the test.
What would have helped you hear/understand the words better?
How would you change your spelling tests for students who are hearing impaired?
Slide25Unfair spelling Test
http://podcasts.milwaukee.k12.wi.us//
blojsom_resources/meta/805/Unfair%20Spelling%20Test.mp3
Slide26Assisted listening devices
Slide27Hearing Aids
small electronic devices that amplify
sound.
Hearing aids aren't effective for everyone.
Hair cells in the inner ear must pick up the vibrations that the hearing aid sends and convert those vibrations into nerve signals
. So, you need to have at least some hair cells in the inner ear for it to work. And, even if some hair cells remain, a hearing aid won't completely restore normal hearing.
Slide28Hearing aids are fairly simple devices, consisting of four basic parts:
A
microphone
picks up sound from the environment and converts it into an electrical signal, which it sends to the amplifier. An amplifier
increases the volume of the sound and sends it to the receiver. A receiver/speaker changes the electrical signal back into sound and sends it into the ear. Then those impulses are sent to the brain.
A battery provides power to the hearing aid.
Slide29Slide30Cochlear Implants
Cochlear implants work better in people with more severe ear damage because they
bypass the damaged parts of the ear and send the sound information -- as electrical signals -- directly to the auditory nerve
.
Slide31Parts of a cochlear implant
CI have 2 main parts:
the processor
-the part outside of the body that picks up sounds
the implant
-inside the body. Receives signals and sends them to the hearing nerves.
Slide32How a cochlear implant works
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3VuxadwnOQ
Slide33Cochlear Implants Simulation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SpKKYBkJ9Hw