AP Exam MC Review Questions - PowerPoint Presentation

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AP ExamMC Review QuestionsSlide2

Section I - Multiple Choice Use POE (process of elimination)!!!Words that you do not remember are not good choices.If you do not know the meaning of a word, try to break the word apart.Pace yourself…do not spend too much time on one question.Do not leave any of the questions blank!!!Slide3

100 Multiple Choice QuestionsBroken Down into 14 Units (they will not appear in chapter order on the actual exam)Slide4

Chapter 1History & ApproachesSlide5

Chapter 11. Research on human mating preferences suggests that men place greater value on physical attractiveness and youthfulness, whereas women place greater value on social status and financial resources. Which of the following psychological points of view best explains this behavior?a. Collectivistb. Individualisticc. Psychoanalyticd. Evolutionarye. HumanisticSlide6

Chapter 12. Martha is an undergraduate student who is interested in pursuing a career in psychology. She wants to use her knowledge of psychology to help employees become more productive in the workplace. Which field of study should Martha pursue in graduate school?a. Physiologicalb. Cognitivec. Educationald. Clinicale. Industrial-OrganizationalSlide7

Chapter 13. Which type of therapy uses free association, dream interpretation, and analysis of transference?a. Cognitive-Behavioralb. Humanisticc. Behaviorald. Psychodynamice. Client-centeredSlide8

Chapter 1 - Answers1. D2. E3. DSlide9

Chapter 2Research MethodsSlide10

Chapter 21. In psychological research, which of the following is most appropriate for identifying cause and effect?a. Participant observationb. Survey methodologyc. Case studyd. Experimentatione. Correlational techniquesSlide11

Chapter 22. Researchers find that there is a significant, positive correlation between the number of hours students sleep and their grades. The researchers would be justified in concluding thata. earning more grades causes people to sleep moreb. sleeping more causes students to perform better in schoolc. students who earn good grades tend to sleep more than those who do notd. less sleep has a beneficial impact on students’ gradese. sleep deprivation has no impact on school performanceSlide12

Chapter 23. A researcher surveyed social adjustment in the same group of 20 people from early childhood through adulthood. In this example, the group of 20 people surveyed was the study’sa. Sampleb. Populationc. Operational definitiond. Control groupe. RandomizationSlide13

Chapter 24. Synesthesia is a phenomenon that has been estimated to occur in only a few people in a million. Because of its rarity, researchers are likely to choose which research method to study it?a. Naturalistic observationb. Correlational researchc. Survey researchd. Case studye. Experimental researchSlide14

Chapter 25. Stanley Milgram’s classic research on obedience showed that approximately what percentage of participants administered the highest voltage shock?a. 10%b. 25%c. 40%d. 60%e. 85%Slide15

Chapter 26. A teacher finds the distribution of scores on a final exam to be positively skewed with low variability. On the basis of this information, the teacher would be most justified in concluding thata. a small number of students in the class did poorly on the examb. the students in her classroom have a very wide range of intellectual abilitiesc. the exam was too difficultd. the exam is not a reliable assessment toole. most of her students are of above average abilitySlide16

negative skew: The left tail is longer; the mass of the distribution is concentrated on the right of the figure. The distribution is said to be left-skewed, left-tailed, or skewed to the leftpositive skew: The right tail is longer; the mass of the distribution is concentrated on the left of the figure. The distribution is said to be right-skewed, right-tailed, or skewed to the right.Slide17

Chapter 27. Which of the following sets of numbers has the largest standard deviation?a. -2, -1, 0, +1, +2b. 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, 1.75, 2.00, 2.25, 2.50, 2.75, 3.00c. 2, 6, 10, 14, 18d. 5.756, 5.765, 5.890, 5.895, 5.923e. 91, 92, 93, 94, 95Slide18

Questions 8-10 of this section are based on the following scenario:A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group.8. What is the independent variable in this study?a. Sex of the childrenb. Duration of free playc. Type of television program watchedd. Number of groupse. Incidence of aggressive behaviorSlide19

Questions 8-10 of this section are based on the following scenario:A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group.9. What is the dependent variable in this study?a. Incidence of aggressive behaviorb. Type of television program viewedc. Sex of the childrend. Number of groups

e. Duration of free playSlide20

Questions 8-10 of this section are based on the following scenario:A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group.10. This research method is best characterized asa. Experimentalb. Correlationalc. Longitudinald. Naturalistic observatione. Case study Slide21

Chapter 2 - Answers1. D2. C3. A4. D5. D6. C7. C8. C9. A10. ASlide22

Chapter 3BiopsychologySlide23

Chapter 31. The region of the brain most involved in the experience of emotions is thea. cerebellumb. basal gangliac. limbic systemd. reticular activating systeme. parasympathetic nervous systemSlide24

Chapter 32. Which part of the cerebral cortex receives information about temperature, pressure, touch, and pain?a. Motor cortexb. Prefrontal cortexc. Temporal lobed. Occipital lobee. Parietal lobeSlide25

Chapter 33. An individual with damage to Wernicke’s area is most likely to have difficultya. identifying an object held in the hand but not seenb. planning what to wear to a partyc. remembering the name of a person in a photographd. comprehending a spoken request for informatione. distinguishing between red and greenSlide26

Chapter 34. During a psychology experiment, a researcher uses a probe to lesion the ventromedial nucleus of a rat’s hypothalamus. After the procedure the rat most likely willa. become less aggressiveb. become more aggressivec. eat more and gain weightd. stop eating and lose weighte. experience a loss of coordination and muscular controlSlide27

Chapter 35. James was born with a condition that makes it impossible for him to metabolize certain proteins. Due to early screening and a special diet, he was able to avoid developing potentially serious symptoms. Which of the following disorders does James havea. Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)b. Down syndromec. Autistic disorderd. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)e. Phenylketonuria (PKU)Slide28

Chapter 36. An image projected to the left visual field of a split-brained person will be processed in thea. left visual cortexb. right visual cortexc. right side of the left retinad. left side of the right retinae. sensory cortexSlide29

Chapter 37. In which of the following techniques do researchers inject a harmless, radioactive substance into the living human brain to examine activity?a. Lesioningb. Electroencephalogram (EEG)c. Computerized axial tomography (CAT)d. Positron-emission tomography (PET)e. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Slide30

Chapter 38. Damage to which of the following brain structures may cause the inability to detect the emotional significance of facial expressions, especially those demonstrating fear?a. Hippocampusb. Thalamusc. Cerebellumd. Hypothalamuse. AmygdalaSlide31

Chapter 3

Questions

9-10

refer to the illustration below

:

9

. Which

of the following brain regions is indicated by the arrow?

a. Cerebellum

b. Amygdala

c. Hypothalamus

d. Hippocampus

e. PonsSlide32

Chapter 3

Questions

9-10

refer to the illustration below

:

10. What

is the primary function of the brain region indicated by the arrow?

a. Memory

formation

b. Sleeping

, waking, and dreaming

c. Problem

solving

d. Regulation

of body temperature

e. Emotional

responsesSlide33

Chapter 3 - Answers1. C2. E3. D4. C5. E6. B7. D8. E9. E10. BSlide34

Chapter 4Sensation & PerceptionSlide35

Chapter 41. After staring at a green, black and yellow “American flag” for about a minute, an individual will see a red, white and blue afterimage. Which of the following explains this phenomenon?a. Trichromatic theoryb. Opponent-processing theoryc. Retinex theoryd. Color constancye. ConvergenceSlide36

Chapter 42. All summer Thomas hears the sound of the ice-cream truck approaching before his brother Oscar hears it. Thomas most likely has which of the following?a. A lower absolute threshold for hearing than Oscarb. A greater difference threshold for hearing than Oscarc. A deficit in a sensory system other than hearingd. A greater amount of experience with approaching ice-cream trucks than Oscare. A tendency for confabulationSlide37

Chapter 43. In vision, transduction occurs within thea. Optic nerveb. Visual cortexc. Retinad. Lense. CorneaSlide38

Chapter 44. Which of the following is a binocular cue for depth perception?a. Linear perspectiveb. Texture gradientc. Interpositiond. Retinal disparitye. Motion parallaxSlide39

Chapter 45. People who are color blind most likely have deficiencies in theira. rodsb. conesc. lensd. optic nervee. occipital lobeSlide40

Chapter 46. Martin fell off his skateboard and badly bruised his elbow. He immediately began rubbing the area around the bruise until the pain subsided. This method of reducing pain can be explained by which of the following?a. Gate-control theoryb. Opponent-processing theoryc. Trichromatic theoryd. Expectancy theorye. Phantom painSlide41

Chapter 4 - Answers1. B2. A3. C4. D5. B6. ASlide42

Chapter 5States of ConsciousnessSlide43

Chapter 51. During REM sleep, which of the following is most likely to occur?a. Slowed respirationb. Sleepwalkingc. Stable blood pressured. Decreased heart ratee. Suppressed muscle toneSlide44

Chapter 52. During the night, Alicia stops breathing repeatedly, frequently gasps for air, and snores loudly at regular intervals. Alicia is most likely suffering from which of the following conditions?a. Sleep apneab. Narcolepsyc. Insomniad. Night terrorse. The REM rebound effectSlide45

Chapter 53. When a person is suffering from severe pain, the type of drug that will best help alleviate that pain isa. an opiateb. an amphetaminec. a depressantd. a hallucinogene. a stimulantSlide46

Chapter 54. Under hypnosis, Jerry is able to withstand pain without showing any outward signs of discomfort. However, when asked to signal if some part of his consciousness is aware of the pain, he raises his hand. Which of the following is a theory that best explains Jerry’s behaviora. Dissociationb. Statec. Roled. Social influencee. Age regressionSlide47

Chapter 5 - Answers1. E2. A3. A4. ASlide48

Chapter 6LearningSlide49

Chapter 61. Which of the following illustrates a variable ratio schedule of reinforcement?a. Receiving five dollars weekly for completing household choresb. Receiving a grade of an A on every paper submitted in a coursec. Winning the lottery after playing many timesd. Receiving a dollar for each mile completed in a charity walkathone. Being given increased use of the family car after reaching age 18Slide50

Chapter 62. Social learning experiments on the modeling of aggressive behavior have demonstrated thata. Children are not affected by watching violence on televisionb. Abusive parenting accounts for most children’s aggressive actsc. Children can develop aggressive behavior by watching others perform aggressive actsd. Children’s aggressive behavior must be reinforced for it to be repeatede. Children imitate aggressive behavior seen on television only if the media violence is performed by childrenSlide51

Chapter 63. Edward L. Thorndike argued that responses that lead to satisfying outcomes are more likely to be repeated, and that responses followed by unpleasant outcomes are less likely to be repeated. This became known as the law ofa. Reinforcementb. Associationsc. Punishmentd. Effecte. OutcomesSlide52

Chapter 64. The principles of operant conditioning are best illustrated bya. Exposing a client to anxiety-provoking stimulib. Replacing a response to a stimulus with an alternative responsec. Deep relaxation techniquesd. A token economy to reinforce adaptive behaviorse. Development of intrinsic motivationSlide53

Chapter 65. In phase 1 of a study, a researcher classically conditions a dog to salivate to the ringing of a bell. In the second phase, the researcher pairs a flashing light with the ringing of the bell. After several pairings of the light and the bell, the dog willa. No longer salivate when the bell is rungb. Only salivate when the bell is rungc. Salivate when the light is flashedd. Stop salivating when the light is flashede. Salivate when the researcher comes into the roomSlide54

Chapter 66. In a classic study, a group of rats learned to run through a maze to obtain food, and another group of rats explored the maze without receiving food. Some time later, the researcher compared the two groups of rats to determine if both groups would find the food at the end of the maze. According to the researcher, the untrained rats found the food at the end of the maze as quickly as the trained rats as a result ofa. Latent learningb. Observational learningc. Avoidance learningd. Counter conditioninge. Aversive conditioningSlide55

Chapter 67. A researcher is training laboratory rats to run a complex maze. Each time the rats learn a new part of the maze they are rewarded with a pellet of food. Within a few hours the rats have learned the entire maze. Which of the following did the researcher use to teach the rats the maze?a. Shapingb. Generalizationc. Negative reinforcementd. A fixed-interval schedule of reinforcemente. Spontaneous recoverySlide56

Chapter 68. Elizabeth picks up the clothes from her bedroom floor and puts them away to avoid her mother’s repeated nagging. Elizabeth’s behavior is being influenced bya. Classical conditioningb. Positive reinforcementc. Negative reinforcementd. Extinctione. PunishmentSlide57

Chapter 69. A person eats a hamburger at a restaurant and develops a very bad stomachache after finishing eating. As a result of the sudden illness, the person cannot eat hamburgers anymore. Just thinking about them makes the person feel sick to the stomach. In this scenario, the thought of a hamburger is a(n)a. unconditional stimulusb. unconditional responsec. conditioned stimulusd. conditioned responsee. negative reinforcerSlide58

Chapter 6 - Answers1. C2. C3. D4. D5. C6. A7. A8. C9. CSlide59

Chapter 7CognitionSlide60

Chapter 71. The concept of functional fixedness refers to the fact thata. Experts solve problems intuitively while beginners solve them by trial and errorb. Solutions to problems often occur suddenly after an incubation periodc. Individuals differ in their ability to visualize how objects will appear when rotated in spaced. Individuals often do not see unusual uses or applications for familiar objectse. Learning under partial reinforcement is very resistant to extinctionSlide61

Chapter 72. This past year Donna was promoted from eighth to ninth grade and was assigned a new school locker with a new combination. Donna has found that she has trouble remembering her new combination because it is similar to her old one. The memory problem Donna is experiencing is most probably a result ofa. Sensory memory decayb. Proactive interferencec. Retroactive interferenced. State-dependency memorye. Encoding failureSlide62

Chapter 73. When asked which of two countries has a larger population, participants are likely to judge the country that is more familiar to them as being more populous. Which of the following best explains this finding?a. A means-end analysisb. The representativeness heuristicc. The availability heuristicd. Algorithmse. Inductive reasoningSlide63

Chapter 74. The psychoanalytic concept of repression suggests a difficulty in the functioning of which aspect of memory?a. Encodingb. Short-term memoryc. Procedural memoryd. Explicit memorye. RetrievalSlide64

Chapter 75. When trying to solve a problem, Bret uses a logical, step-by-step formula calleda. A heuristicb. Incubationc. Insightd. Priminge. An algorithmSlide65

Chapter 76. Which theoretical perspective in psychology attempts to characterize the way in which humans store and process sensory information?a. Behavioralb. Psychodynamicc. Evolutionaryd. Cognitivee. SocioculturalSlide66

Chapter 77. Chuck recalls the day last summer when he fell off his bicycle and scraped his knee. This is an example ofa. Iconic memoryb. Procedural memoryc. Semantic memoryd. Episodic memorye. Short-term memorySlide67

Chapter 78. A basic assumption underlying short-term memory is that it isa. Limited in capacityb. Unlimited in capacityc. Long-lastingd. Not under conscious controle. Resistant to decaySlide68

Chapter 79. Which process transfers information from sensory memory to short-term memory?a. Attentionb. Cognitionc. Differentiationd. Perceptione. SensationSlide69

Chapter 710. When the word “walk” is changed to “walked,” the suffix “ed” is an example of aa. Morphemeb. Phonemec. Lexicond. Syntaxe. Language acquisition device (LAD)Slide70

Chapter 7 - Answers1. D2. B3. C4. E5. E6. D7. D8. A9. A10. ASlide71

Chapter 8Motivation & EmotionSlide72

Chapter 81. Current research suggests that a sense of self-efficacy is most likely to be associated witha. A high degree of social complianceb. A low threshold for emotional arousalc. A stable external attributional styled. An external locus of controle. An internal locus of controlSlide73

Chapter 82. It is well established that certain autonomic responses such as heart rate, perspiration, and respiration change under stress. In view of the fact that people generally have stronger autonomic responses when lying than telling the truth, it follows that the polygraph would be a foolproof approach to lie detection. Which statement best explains why the polygraph is not more widely used in courtrooms and in testing of job applicants?a. Most people can avoid detection when they lieb. Physiological arousal is much the same for several emotions, so the polygraph cannot always reliably distinguish guilt from other reactions.c. A significant number of people show paradoxical autonomic reactions, responding more strongly when telling the truth than when lying.

d. In

controlled studies, the polygraph has correctly identified guilty individuals in only a small percentage of cases.

e. The

polygraph has been shown to be reliable only in highly emotional cases, such as child abuse and spying.Slide74

Chapter 83. Which of the following perspectives argues that every person has the potential to become self-actualized?a. Humanisticb. Behavioralc. Gestaltd. Cognitivee. PsychodynamicSlide75

Chapter 84. Although she finds it to be difficult and not much fun, Sara puts in long hours practicing field hockey in the hope of getting an athletic scholarship to college. This best illustrates the idea ofa. Homeostasisb. Attribution theoryc. Catharsisd. Extrinsic motivatione. Arousal theorySlide76

Chapter 85. Paul Ekman found that when Japanese students watched films of surgery, they masked their expressions of disgust with a smile when an authority figure entered the room but not when alone. American students maintained their expressions of disgust both alone and in the presence of an authority figure. Ekman’s findings illustrate what he callsa. The facial feedback hypothesisb. Display rulesc. Phlegmatic personalitiesd. The two-factor theorye. Adaptation-level phenomenonSlide77

Chapter 86. Students who enjoyed solving a puzzle were rewarded for doing so. Later, they played less with the puzzle than did their counterparts who were not rewarded for the same task. This illustrates which of the following principles?a. Latent learningb. Self-fulfilling prophecyc. Intermittent reinforcementd. The overjustification effecte. The law of effectSlide78

Chapter 87. Which of the following theories suggests that a physiological need creates a state of tension that motivates an organism to satisfy the need?a. Opponent-processb. Drive-reductionc. Incentived. Arousale. Gate-controlSlide79

Chapter 88. Which of the following is the best example of a homeostasis process?a. Manny decides that he is overweight and goes on a diet.b. Cathy drinks a large amount of water to reduce thirst after a long race.c. Brett eats nothing but fruits and grains for a week before a huge holiday dinner.d. Ellie stays up later than normal to study for a test.e. Liam becomes angry after sitting in traffic for an hour and a half.Slide80

Chapter 8 - Answers1. E2. B3. A4. D5. B6. D7. B8. BSlide81

Chapter 9Developmental PsychSlide82

Chapter 91. According to Erik Erikson, the major developmental task during adolescence is to achieve a sense ofa. Competenceb. Responsibilityc. Integrityd. Identitye. IntimacySlide83

Chapter 92. Which psychologist reported that infant attachment to another goes beyond the satisfaction of the need for nourishment?a. Albert Bandurab. Jean Piagetc. Harry Harlowd. Erik Eriksone. Konrad LorenzSlide84

Chapter 93. Researcher Renee Baillargeon found that four-month-old infants will look longer at a ball if it appears to roll through a solid barrier, demonstrating that babies seem to grasp basic laws intuitively. Which of the following theories does this finding challenge?a. Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral developmentb. Lev Vygotsky’s cognition learning modelc. Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive developmentd. Mary Ainsworth’s findings from the Strange Situatione. Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial developmentSlide85

Chapter 94. Of the following cognitive milestones, which ability tends to be acquired last?a. Telegraphic speechb. Use of schemasc. Object permanenced. Hypothetical thinkinge. AssimilationSlide86

Chapter 95. According to Jean Piaget, children cease to exhibit egocentrism during which of the following stages?a. Sensorimotorb. Preoperationalc. Concrete operationald. Post-conventionale. Pre-conventionalSlide87

Chapter 96. When parents set few controls on their children’s television viewing, allowing the children freedom to set individual limits, make few demands, and do not punish for improper television viewing, the parents exemplify a parenting style referred to asa. Permissiveb. Authoritativec. Authoritariand. Rejecting-neglectinge. PessimisticSlide88

Chapter 9 - Answers1. D2. C3. C4. D5. C6. ASlide89

Chapter 10PersonalitySlide90

Chapter 101. According to psychoanalytic theory, one of the important functions of the ego is toa. Facilitate gratification of desires at an appropriate timeb. Govern behavior prior to the development of the superego and the idc. Achieve immediate gratification of desiresd. Satisfy the demands of the superegoe. Act as the conscience of the individualSlide91

Chapter 102. Which of the following best illustrates a humanistic approach to personality?a. Establishing gender schema in the development of sex rulesb. Recognizing the importance of unconscious forces and biological instinctsc. Using functional analyses to specify external variables that regulate behaviord. Emphasizing personal growth and achievement of individual potentiale. Exploring the childhood roots of behaviorSlide92

Chapter 103. The defense mechanism of projection is best illustrated by which of the following examples?a. When scolded by his parents, a college student reverts to childlike behavior to gain sympathyb. A soccer player who does not have much athletic skill constantly criticizes athlete’s performancesc. A young man who is shy becomes the center of attention at a party given by friendsd. After exams were graded and returned, a college student looked at his low grade and decided that the test was unfair and difficulte. After a fight with her boyfriend, a woman yells at her roommate for sitting in her favorite chairSlide93

Chapter 104. Which of the following assessment tools explores individuals’ personalities by asking them to examine a series of inkblots and describe what they see in the inkblot?a. Thematic Apperception Testb. Rorschach Testc. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2d. Halstead-Reitan Batterye. Bender-Gestalt IISlide94

Chapter 105. According to Sigmund Freud, our sexual and aggressive instincts are located primarily in thea. Frontal lobesb. Egoc. Superegod. Ide. Latent stageSlide95

Chapter 106. John is completing a lengthy test in which he must include whether various written statements are true or false about him. He is most likely taking which of the following?a. A personality inventoryb. A projective testc. An achievement testd. An intelligence teste. A neuropsychological testSlide96

Chapter 107. Psychologists from which of the following perspectives of personality are most interested in assessing a person’s locus of control?a. Psychoanalyticb. Cognitivec. Evolutionaryd. Humanistice. GestaltSlide97

Chapter 10 - Answers1. A2. D3. B4. B5. D6. A7. BSlide98

Chapter 11IQ TestingSlide99

Chapter 11The reliability of a test is best indicated by which of the following?a. The difficulty of the test for the intended population of test takersb. The spread of scores on the testc. The extent to which scores on the test correlate with a different measure of performanced. The degree to which scores on the test form a normal distributione. The consistency of scores on repeated administrations of the testSlide100

Chapter 112. Charles Spearman’s concept of g is most accurately defined asa. A specific type of performance that is affected by intelligenceb. One of seven fundamental abilities that determine behaviorc. A single, underlying intellectual capacity measured by intelligence testsd. The ability to create novel solutions to complex solutionse. The storehouse of knowledge and facts that we accumulate during our adult yearsSlide101

Chapter 113. Which of the following psychometric properties is used to assess the extent to which the items on an intelligence test measure a person’s intelligence?a. Internal consistencyb. Split-half reliabilityc. Standardizationd. Construct validitye. Predictive validitySlide102

Chapter 114. The Psychology Aptitude Test (PAT) was administered to incoming college psychology majors. Their scores were later compared to their performance in the introductory psychology course, and high scores on the PAT were related to high grades in the course. Therefore, the PAT hasa. Adequate standardizationb. Internal consistencyc. Face validityd. Predictive validitye. Content validitySlide103

Chapter 11 - Answers1. E2. C3. D4. DSlide104

Chapter 12Abnormal PsychSlide105

Chapter 12An individual with agoraphobia is best described as an individual whoa. Displays suicidal behavior in stressful situationsb. Shows little regard for social normsc. Suffers from an irrational fear and avoidance of public placed. Suffers from chronic fatigue and paranoia in social situationse. Shows excessive mood swings without warningSlide106

Chapter 122. Julia has fragmented thinking and distorted false beliefs. Which of the following psychological disorders is she most likely experiencing?a. Simple phobiab. Somatization disorderc. Antisocial personality disorderd. Obsessive-compulsive disordere. SchizophreniaSlide107

Chapter 123. Sofia lacks self-confidence. She has a difficult time expressing disagreement with others, and she usually lets friends make decisions for her. Others have commented that they do not know who the “real” Sofia is. With which of the following disorders might Sofia be diagnosed?a. Histrionicb. Borderlinec. Dependentd. Passive-aggressivee. NarcissisticSlide108

Chapter 124. While grocery shopping, Marnie hears voices that seemed to be narrating her every action. The voices made statements such as “Now she is picking up the bread” and “Now she is putting the bread in the shopping cart.” No one else heard the voices. Marnie has heard voices narrating her behavior on several other occasions. What is she experiencing?a. Illusionsb. Delusionsc. Hallucinationsd. Hypnosise. GrandiositySlide109

Chapter 125. An individual who stomps angrily out of a restaurant after being kept waiting five extra minutes for a reserved table may be exhibiting symptoms ofa. Schizophreniab. Antisocial personality disorderc. Avoidant personality disorderd. Dependent personality disordere. Narcissistic personality disorderSlide110

Chapter 126. Eric regularly stops at the pharmacy to collect pamphlets that list symptoms of different illnesses, because he is worried about his health. Each day he carefully monitors his vital signs, and he also frequently meets with a physician. On his most recent visit, the physician suggested that Eric was perfectly healthy. With which of the following psychological disorders might Eric be diagnosed?a. Somatic Symptom disorderb. Conversion disorderc. Illness Anxiety Disorderd. Generalized anxiety disordere. Dissociative disorderSlide111

Chapter 127. Brandon never sleeps through the night. He wakes up at least once per hour to check all the doors and windows in his house to make sure they are locked and to check the stove to make sure it is turned off. Brandon’s behavior would be classified asa. An obsessionb. An ideac. A fixationd. A panic attacke. A compulsionSlide112

Chapter 12 - Answers1. C2. E3. C4. C5. E6. C7. ESlide113

Chapter 13Treatment of DisordersSlide114

Chapter 13With which of the following would a cognitively oriented therapist most likely be concerned?a. The number of negative self-statements made by the patientb. The temperament of the patient as a childc. The number of individuals in the patient’s householdd. The physiological makeup of the patiente. The responses made by the patient on a projective testSlide115

Chapter 13Questions 2-4 refer to the information below.A psychologist describes the following steps to a client, while the client is practicing relaxation techniques, in order to treat the client’s psychological disorder:i. You are entering a large buildingii. You are pressing a button for an elevatoriii. You are stepping into an elevatoriv. You are watching the doors close after entering the elevatorv. You are traveling five floors on the elevator

2. Which

of the following categories would most likely represent the diagnosis associated with this act of behaviors?

a. Mood

behavior

b. Anxiety

disorder

c. Dissociative

disorder

d. Schizophrenic

disorder

e. Somatoform

disorderSlide116

Chapter 13Questions 2-4 refer to the information below.A psychologist describes the following steps to a client, while the client is practicing relaxation techniques, in order to treat the client’s psychological disorder:i. You are entering a large buildingii. You are pressing a button for an elevatoriii. You are stepping into an elevatoriv. You are watching the doors close after entering the elevatorv. You are traveling five floors on the elevator

3. What

type of treatment technique is described above?

a. Aversion

therapy

b. Systematic

desensitization

c. Extinction

d. Flooding

e. PunishmentSlide117

Chapter 13Questions 2-4 refer to the information below.A psychologist describes the following steps to a client, while the client is practicing relaxation techniques, in order to treat the client’s psychological disorder:i. You are entering a large buildingii. You are pressing a button for an elevatoriii. You are stepping into an elevatoriv. You are watching the doors close after entering the elevatorv. You are traveling five floors on the elevator

4. Which

type of therapy is most closely associated with the technique used in this method?

a. Psychoanalytic

b. Behavioral

c. Biomedical

d. Cognitive

e. Client

centeredSlide118

Chapter 135. Which of the following is a type of medication that has been linked to the side effect of tardive dyskinesia?a. Antidepressantsb. Benzodiazepinesc. Antipsychoticsd. Antianxietye. TricyclicsSlide119

Chapter 136. A therapist who emphasizes helping clients to identify and change irrational beliefs that underlie feelings of anxiety is using which therapeutic technique?a. Client-centered therapyb. Rational-emotive behavior therapyc. Aversion therapyd. Psychoanalytic therapye. Social-learning therapySlide120

Chapter 13 - Answers1. A2. B3. B4. B5. C6. BSlide121

Chapter 14Social PsychSlide122

Chapter 14Jared wants to use the foot-in-the-door technique to try to convince his parents to buy him a car. Which of the following would most clearly demonstrate his correct application of the technique?a. He asks his parents for a very expensive truck, and when they refuse, he asks for an economy car.b. He tells his parents that he will sacrifice half his allowances for a year if they buy him a car.c. He asks his parents to buy him a bicycle, and when they agree to do so, he asks them to buy him a car instead.d. He

tells his parents that if they buy him a car, he will wash their car every week and drive his little sister to school.

e. Before

asking his parents to buy him a car, he comments on what a fantastic job they have done in raising him.Slide123

Chapter 142. During the homecoming pep rally at school, you take part in harassing the younger students, an activity you would not be likely to engage in by yourself. Which of the following best explains your behavior?a. Deindividuationb. Social loafingc. Social facilitationd. Self-serving biase. Fundamental attribution errorSlide124

Chapter 143. Ellie is aware that smoking is harmful to her health, but she continues to smoke. According to cognitive dissonance theory, it is most likely that Ellie willa. Gather information on the dangers of smokingb. Start smoking more frequentlyc. Argue that her friends should stop smokingd. Focus on the social advantages to smokinge. Experience no tensionSlide125

Chapter 144. Respondents to surveys and questionnaires often report that they are healthier, happier, and less prejudiced than would be expected based on the results of other types of research. This finding can best be explained by which of the following?a. Sampling biasb. Experimenter biasc. The social desirability biasd. The bystander biase. The placebo effectSlide126

Chapter 145. The term group polarization refers to the tendency fora. Two opposing factions to emerge within a groupb. The prevailing opinion within a group to become more extreme after discussionc. A single leader to eventually dominate most groupsd. One or more group members to eventually have their opinions disregardede. Democratic leadership to decrease as the length of meetings increasesSlide127

Chapter 146. James is better at computer games when his friends are watching than when he plays alone. Researchers would explain James’ behavior using which of the following theories?a. Social facilitationb. Social loafingc. Group polarizationd. Groupthinke. Normative social influenceSlide128

Chapter 147. The fundamental attribution error occurs when individuals do which of the following?a. Mold their interpretations of the past to fit how events actually turned outb. Incorrectly assume that virtually all behavior is determined by genetic factorsc. Underestimate the influence of unconscious motivation when trying to explain their own behaviord. Overestimate the influence of personal qualities relative to situational factors when trying to explain the behavior of otherse. Assume that very attractive people tend to be more intelligent and more competent than people who are somewhat less attractiveSlide129

Chapter 148. Research on stereotype threat indicates that students might not do as well as they can on a test ifa. They are informed that people of their ethnicity, age, or gender usually do not perform well on the testb. The group taking the test is not ethnically diversec. They are forced to take a test that is known to have low test-retest reliabilityd. Other students perceive them to be of a minority ethnic groupe. The test does not have standardized administration or scoring proceduresSlide130

Chapter 149. Brad hears a report on the evening news stating that diets low in carbohydrates are beneficial to one’s health. Considering this advice, he begins such a diet. Later he hears another report condemning low-carbohydrate diets as harmful to one’s health. Based upon research on belief perseverance, how would Brad respond to this new information?a. Decide to begin a low-calorie diet and increase his physical activityb. Believe the second news story and discontinue his dietc. Study low-carbohydrate diets on his ownd. Continue to believe in the beneficial effects of low-carbohydrate dietse. Decide to try a high-carbohydrate diet insteadSlide131

Chapter 1410. Marc performs poorly on a psychology exam and explains his failure by saying, “That test was so hard no one could pass it.” This explanation illustratesa. Reciprocal determinismb. Self-serving biasc. The fundamental attribution errord. The representativeness heuristice. The just-world hypothesisSlide132

Chapter 14 - Answers1. C2. A3. D4. C5. B6. A7. D8. A9. D10. B