Traffic Management to Save Smartphone Energy Ge Peng Gang Zhou David T Nguyen Xin Qi Shan Lin Computer Science Department College of William and ID: 638081
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HIDE: AP-assisted Broadcast Traffic Management to Save Smartphone Energy
Ge Peng∗, Gang Zhou∗, David T. Nguyen∗, Xin Qi‡, Shan Lin¶∗ Computer Science Department, College of William and Mary ‡ VMware Inc. ¶ Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stony Brook University
The 36
th
IEEE
International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (
ICDCS’16
)
Nara,
Japan, June
27th -June 30th, 2016Slide2
Did you charge your phone today?IEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 201627% days users charge phones 4 times a day13% days users charge phones 3 times a day43% days users charge phones more than once a daySource: Estar Battery Saver18% users experienced phone blackout lasting longer than 2 hours in the month studiedSlide3
What do you expect from a new smartphone?IEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 20163Source: TIME Mobility Poll, QualcommLonger battery life tops the list of user needs.Slide4
Active
Screen is onCPU, ROM, and micro-controller circuits for various components are awakePower consumption: high4
Suspend
Screen is
off
CPU,
ROM,
and micro-controller circuits for various components are
suspended
Power
consumption:
low
switch to suspend mode to save energy
switch to active mode to process events
IEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 2016
Smartphone Power ModesSlide5
WiFi Broadcast Traffic During Smartphone Suspend Mode5Beacon(0)Beacon(0)Beacon(0
)BeaconBeaconBeaconWiFi broadcast data frames with UDP payloadbuffer
Beacon(1)
Broadcast data frame
Beacon(
0
)
Beacon frame
Broadcast data frame
1-bit broadcast traffic indication
time
Broadcast data frameSlide6
The Dilemma6“receive-all”: suffer high power consumptionEnergy is wasted on unwanted (useless) broadcast frameseg. printer service discovery“receive-none”: sacrifice functionalitiesUseful broadcast frames cannot be receivedeg. local file transfer appSource: G. Peng, G. Zhou, D. T. Nguyen and X. Qi, "All or none? The dilemma of handling WiFi broadcast traffic in smartphone suspend mode,” IEEE
INFOCOM 2015.Slide7
Client-side Solution [INFOCOM’15] Filter out useless broadcast traffic in the WiFi driver after they are received by smartphones*Reduce active time Energy is still wasted in receiving useless frames and state transferIEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 20167* G. Peng, G. Zhou, D. T. Nguyen and X. Qi, "All or none? The dilemma of handling WiFi broadcast traffic in smartphone suspend mode," Computer Communications (INFOCOM), 2015 IEEE Conference on, Kowloon, 2015, pp. 1212-1220.Slide8
8Receive-allClient-side solution
(INFOCOM’15)HIDESlide9
HIDE: AP-assisted Broadcast Traffic ManagementUseless WiFi broadcast frames are identified at the AP.By UDP port numberuseless (unwanted): UDP port not listened onuseful: otherwiseThe AP hides the presence of useless broadcast frames from smartphones.Smartphones in suspend mode do not receive nor wake up for useless broadcast frames.Hence, smartphone energy is saved.IEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 20169Slide10
Questions (1/2)How can AP differentiate between useful and useless broadcast frames for smartphones?The AP does not know which UDP ports are listened on by which smartphone.10A smartphone uses
UDP Port Message to tell the AP what UDP ports are listened on by itself.The AP stores useful UDP ports in a UDP Port Table.IEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 2016Slide11
UDP Port Message11Useful UDP Port Information Element
IEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 2016Slide12
1371, 2, 3, 520001,
32005230001, 555438
20210
2, 8
UDP
Port
Table
12
UDP Port Client IDs
Broadcast frame
(UDP port:
2000
)
Table
lookup
Client 1:
Client 2:
Client 3:
Client 5:
Client 8:
has useful broadcast frames?
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
Broadcast frame
(UDP port:
3000
)
buffer at AP
1
IEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 2016Slide13
Questions (2/2)How to hide the presence of useless broadcast frames?An AP cannot simply drop a useless broadcast frame for one client as it may be useful to another client.One bit is not enough to tell which clients have useful broadcast frames to receive.13
The AP extends the broadcast traffic indication to offer one bit for each client (Broadcast Traffic Indication Map).IEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 2016Slide14
14smartphone wants to enter suspend mode
n enter suspend modej collect useful UDP ports
k UDP Port Message
l
ACK frame
m
update UDP Port Table
a
rrival of broadcast frames
o
c
alculate Broadcast Traffic Indication Map
p
b
eacon frame with Broadcast Traffic Indication Map
no
yes
q
.a
stay in
suspend mode
q
.b
prepare
WiFi
r
adio for receiving
s
s
witch to active mode
r
u
seful broadcast frame(s)
Has useful broadcast frames or not?Slide15
EvaluationEnergy SavingMethodologyEnergy modelingTrace-driven simulationSolutions for comparisonreceive-allclient-side solutionIEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 201615Slide16
state transferoverhead of HIDEstay activereceiving beacon frames
receiving broadcast data frames1616College Library
StarbucksPower Consumption (Nexus One)
33% ~ 71%
75% ~ 79%Slide17
state transferoverhead of HIDEstay active
receiving beacon framesreceiving broadcast data frames1717Power Consumption (Galaxy S4)
18% ~ 63%
78% ~ 83%
Starbucks
College LibrarySlide18
EvaluationOverhead analysisDecrease of network throughput due to transmissions of UDP Port MessagesIncrease of network delay caused by UDP port operations at the APIEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 201618Slide19
Overhead: Network Throughput19percent of nodes with HIDE enabledIEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 2016Slide20
Overhead: Bounded Network Delay20sending interval of UDP Port Messages IEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 2016(50% nodes are HIDE-enabled) Slide21
ConclusionHIDE: AP-assisted Broadcast Traffic ManagementNo useless (unwanted) broadcast frames are received by smartphones in suspend modeUp to 82% energy saving for smartphones in suspend modenegligible network throughput overhead and minimal delay overheadIEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 201621Slide22
Questions?
Thank You!IEEE ICDCS’16, Nara, Japan, June 27~30, 201622