Ed McCorduck English 402Grammar SUNY Cortland httpmccorduckcortlandedu Phrasal verbs are idioms consisting of a verb and a particle idiom a phrase that has a meaning different from that of the combination of the words that comprise it ID: 365447
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Phrasal Verbs" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Phrasal Verbs
Ed McCorduck
English 402--Grammar
SUNY Cortland
http://mccorduck.cortland.eduSlide2
Phrasal verbs
are
idioms
consisting of a verb and a
particle.idiom: a phrase that has a meaning different from that of the combination of the words that comprise itparticle: usually a preposition but sometimes an adverb
slide 2: definition of phrasal verbs
English 402: GrammarSlide3
Phrasal verbs are sometimes called
prepositional verbs
(but not accurate when the particle is not a preposition, hence these are also known as
phrasal/prepositional verbs
)two-word verbsmulti-word verbs (because some consist of more than two words, e.g., put up with
)
slide 3: alternative terms in use for phrasal verbs
English 402: GrammarSlide4
examples of phrasal verbs
speak up
fill out
get out go down get up fire away put up with go out for get away with
slide
4: examples of
phrasal verbs
English 402: Grammar
check out
get out
give in
give up
give away
fall throughSlide5
compare:
The balloon floated
up
.
adverbial of place Jack ran up the stairs. preposition, head of the PP up the stairs
Jill threw up
.
particle in the phrasal verb
throw up
(=
vomit
)
slide
5: demonstration of th
e difference between a phrasal verb and a verb plus adverb or PP
English 402: GrammarSlide6
In Reed-Kellogg diagrams, the verb and the particle(s) of a phrasal verb are put together on the main line with no separating line. For example, here is the diagram of the sentence
The food ran out quickly
containing the phrasal verb
run out
which means something like ‘become exhausted’ or ‘become depleted’:slide 6: Reed-Kellogg diagrams of sentences with phrasal verbsEnglish 402: GrammarSlide7
Compare the previous diagram to the following one of the sentence The balloon floated up quickly
which contains the verb
run
followed by the adverb
up (actually, this same diagram serves also for the sentence The balloon floated quickly up, once more illustrating the relative flexibility in the positioning of adverbials and giving more evidence of the adverbial status of up in this use):slide
7: diagrams of sentences with phrasal verbs compared to those with verbs plus adverbialsEnglish 402: GrammarSlide8
To determine if a particle following a verb “belongs to” that ver
b in a phrasal verb combination or whether the particle is an adverb or is a preposition heading a following prepositional phrase, you can use the so-called
movability
test. To do perform this test, try moving the particle and any word or phrase following it to the front of the sentence. If the resulting sentence is grammatical, you know that you have either a verb followed by an adverbial or a prepositional phrase; if the sentence is
ungrammatical, this indicates that verb-particle combination is in fact a phrasal verb.
slide
8: the
movability
test
English 402: GrammarSlide9
exx
The man
ran out
.
⇒ Out the man ran.
The man ran out the door.
⇒
Out the door
the man
ran
.
slide
9: the movability test in action
English 402: Grammar
grammatical
,
therefore
run out
is not a phrasal verb here
grammatical, therefore
run out
is not a phrasal verb hereSlide10
but
The money
ran out
.
⇒ *Out the money ran.
The money ran out quickly.
⇒
*
Out quickly
the
money
ran.
slide 10: examples of the application of the
movability
test revealing a phrasal verb
English 402: Grammar
ungrammatical
,
therefore
run out
is a phrasal verb here (meaning something like ‘become exhausted’ or ‘become gone’)
ungrammatical, therefore
run out
is a phrasal verb here (meaning something like ‘become exhausted’ or ‘become gone
’)