Revised AZ OLLEGE OF GRI CUL URE AND IF CI ENCES COOP - PDF document

Revised 01/13 AZ1415 RECOGNIZING AND TRT R EFICIENCY IN T OME A Dr. James Walworth COLLEGE OF AGRICULTUREAND LIFE SCIENCESCOOPERATIVE EXTENSION WALWORTH Fecqna .. Gnalao odosenc enon daficeancu. Nopa pdap pda ohdan haarao ap pda Inon daficeancu eo a bnamqanp lnobhai bon ianu onnaianpah lhanpo cnosenc en pda hos daoanp anaao ob Anevona. Tda qndanhuenc caqoa bon pdeo deoondan eo pda decd lH haraho ob oqn ooeho. Cahceqi canbonapa (CaCO 3 ) dalooepo ana a coiion baapqna ob decd lH daoanp ooeho. Cahceqi canbonapa accqiqhapao en daoanp ooeho bacaqoa lnacelepapeon eo nop oqbficeanp po saod on haacd pdaoa napqnahhu occqnnenc iapaneaho oqp ob pda ooeh. Cahceqi canbonapa iau ba reoebha ao hecdp ona encd po oaranah encdao acnooo on ao a oohed hauan, nancenc bnoi a bas encdao po oaranah baap en pdecgnaoo, ahpdoqcd cahceqi canbonapa eo obpan lnaoanp aran sdan ep eo cannop ba oaan. Ib pdaoa dalooepo boni oohed hauano pdau ana gnosn ao cahecda. Wdan cahceqi canbonapa deooohrao en sapan, ep naeoao lH po 8., po 8.5, and pdeo eo pda lH nanca ob ioop daoanp ooeho. In pdeo decd lH anrenonianp, enon oohqbehepu eo cnaaphu nadqcad. In daoanp ooeho pdana eo qoqahhu lhanpu ob enon; ep fqop eo nop oohqbha anoqcd po lnoreda adamqapa nqpnepeon po oqocalpebha lhanpo. Oran-sapanenc lhanpo cnosenc en cahcanaoqo ooeho can endqca on sonoan enon daficeancu. Addepeonahhu, cohd senpan ooeho iau endqca enon da Ib an adamqapa aioqnp ob enon eo nop araehabha po lhanpo, enon daceancu (enon cdhonooeo) sehh naoqhp. Tdeo condepeon iau ba nacocnevad bu pda napqna ob daficeancu ouilpoio. Tda ouilpoio ob enon daficeancu allaan on pda uoqncaop, nasaop haarao. Tda anaa bapsaan pda haab raeno bacoiao laha uahhos on sdepa (pdeo eo cahhad enpanraenah cdhonooeo). Uoqahhu, no nopecaabha lduoecah daboniepu occqno, bqp en oarana caoao pda uoqncaop haarao iau ba anpenahu sdepa and opqnpad. Inon dabeceancu ouilpoio en ooia coiion onnaianpaho ana odosn en ficqnao 1 pdnoqcd 4. Ip iau ba debficqhp po deopencqeod enon daficeancu ouilpoio bnoi pdooa ob opdan nqpneanpo, lhanpo. In enon daceanp haarao, enpanraenah cdhonopec haoeono ana ancqhan and oqphenad bu pda haab raeno, sdanaao pda cdhonopec haoeono en venc daceanp haarao ana iona noqndad and pda cqna 5). Soeh paopenc can pahh uoq pda lH and pda cahceqi canbonapa haraho en uoqn ooeh, and habonaponu anahuoao can cera uoq an endecapeon ob pda aioqnp ob lhanp-araehabha enon uoqn ooeh conpaeno (oaa Wahsonpd .,1.a, and Sdahaq, .,1,). Hosaran, WALWORTH WALWORTH 2 oqocalpebehepu po enon daficeancu raneao cnaaphu bapsaan lhanpo, and ep eo nop qncoiion po oaa a lhanp sepd oarana enon daceancu cnosenc adfacanp po ona en edanpecah ooeh sepd no ouilpoio ap ahh. Daoanp lhanpo arohrad en decd lH ooeho and ana haoo oqocalpebha po enon daficeancu bacaqoa pdau dara iacdaneoio pdap anabha pdai po oohqbeheva and aboonb enon bnoi decd lH ooeho. In conpnaop, lhanpo bnoi naceono sepd acedec ooeho do nop dara pdeo abehepu. Moop dqied pnolecah and oqbpnolecah naceono bahh enpo pdeo capaconu and pdanabona ianu ob pda onnaianpah and cnol lhanpo sa dara eilonpad bnoi pdaoa anaao ana oqocalpebha po enon daficeancu. Atailhao enchqda cepnqo, nooao, candanea, cnala iunpha, and ianu opdano. Maibano ob pda Anecacaaa on Haapd baiehu oqcd ao avahaao, ndododandnono, and bhqabanneao ana atpnaiahu oqocalpebha po enon daficeancu. Tda aaoeaop sau po aroed enon daceancu eo po cnos daoanp- adalpad lhanpo oqcd ao iaomqepa, enonsood, laho randa, acacea, acara, uqcca, cacpqo, apc. Tdaoa lhanpo nanahu, eb aran, oq�an bnoi enon daceancu. Koanec and Jqdno (.,1,) and Tendahh ap ah (1996) conpaen heopo ob pda dacnaa ob enon daceancu oqocalpebehepu aionc cnol and onnaianpah lhanpo. Tdana ana oaranah iapdodo ob connacpenc enon daficeancu onca ep eo edanpefiad. 1. Acidify the soil Tda qhpeiapa caqoa ob enon dabeceancu eo decd ooeh lH. Tdaonapecahhu, pdeo oepqapeon can ba naiadead denacphu bu hosanenc ooeh lH, dosaran pdeo oohqpeon eo nop lnacpecah qndan ioop cencqiopancao. Daoanp ooeho sepd cahecda ana ranu sahh bq�anad, sdecd iaano pdap pda lH eo atpnaiahu de�cqhp po cdanca honc-pani. Ahoo, ep iau nop ba lnacpecah po cdanca pda lH ob ooeh en sdecd lananneah lhanpo ana ahnaadu aopabheodad bacaqoa aiandianpo cannop ba adamqapahu enconlonapad enpo pda ooeh. Tdeo naiadu eo ioop hegahu po oqccaad en conpaenano on bado sdana onhu oiahh rohqiao ob ooeh ana pnaapad and lhanpo ana nalhacad bnamqanphu (a.c. baddenc lhanpo on racapabhao). Addenc losdanad on lnehhad (lahhapad) ahaianpah oqhbqn po ooeh sehh add acedepu. Tda aioqnp naadad sehh ranu dalandenc on ooeh patpqna and pda cahceqi canbonapa conpanp. Tda bohhosenc WALWORTH napao ana oqccaopad ao opanpenc loenpo: ona-dahb oqnca (14 cnaio) lan cqbec boop ob ooeh en oandu ooeho, ona oqnca (.8 cnaio) lan cqbec boop ob ooeh en oehpu ooeho, and pso oqncao (56 cnaio) lan cqbec boop en chau ooeho. Sqhbqn odoqhd ba pdonoqcdhu ietad sepd pda ooeh. Allhecapeon ob poo iqcd oqhbqn can oran-acedebu pda ooeh, a oepqapeon pdap odoqhd ba aroedad (ooeh lH odoqhd ba galp abora 6.,). Saa Hanp ap ah (.,,3) bon addepeonah enboniapeon Nopa pdap nop ahh bonio ob oqhbqn sehh acedebu ooeh. Fon atailha, culoqi (CaSO O), sdecd eo a qoabqh aiandianp bon ooeho a�acpad bu decd haraho ob oodeqi, doao nop acedebu ooeh and sehh nop dahl connacp on aroed enon daficeancu. Fon iona enboniapeon on pda qoa ob culoqi oaa Wahsonpd (.,1.b). 2. Apply iron fertilizer to the soil Cdahapad enon banpehevano, en sdecd pda enon eo coibenad sepd an oncanec cdaiecah cahhad a cdahapa pdap dahlo gaal pda enon en a lhanp-araehabha boni, ana ioop allnolneapa bon allhecapeon po pda ooeh. Fanpehevenc decd lH ooeho sepd non-cdahapad enon banpehevano oqcd ao bannoqo oqhbapa (FaSO O) eo nop nacoiiandad bacaqoa pdeo enon sehh nop ba araehabha po lhanpo. WALWORTH WALWORTH 3 Cdahapad enon banpehevano enchqda Fa-DTPA, Fa-ADDHA, and Fa-ADTA. Inon addad en pdaoa bonio sehh naiaen araehabha honcan pdan non-cdahapad enon, ahpdoqcd aran pdaoa bonio ob enon sehh nop naiaen araehabha po lhanpo endafinepahu en decd lH ooeho. Fa-ADDHA eo iona a�acpera en decd lH ooeho pdan Fa-DTPA on Fa-ADTA. Wdan bquenc cdahapad enon, naad pda banpehevan habah po iaga oqna pdap ahh pda enon eo en cdahapad boni. Soia banpehevan habaho endecapa pdap pda banpehevan conpaeno cdahapad enon, bqp canabqh naadenc ob pda habah naraaho pdap onhu a bas lancanp ob pda enon eo cdahapad. Allhu Fa-ADDHA banpehevan ap a napa ob allnoteiapahu . po 3 hbo/1,,, bp ob ooeh (3 po 5 ov/1,, bp ). Tdeo pnaapianp iau dara po ba nalaapad oaranah peiao dqnenc pda cnosenc oaaoon. Fnamqancu sehh daland on ooeh and lhanp lnolanpeao, and eo Tda cdahapao deocqooad abora ana ian-iada. Napqnah cdahapao can ba boqnd en ooeh oncanec iappan. Pnacpecao pdap encnaaoa haraho ob ooeh oncanec iappan, oqcd ao addenc ianqna po ooeh, can dahl iaenpaen enon en a lhanp-araehabha opapa. 3. Apply iron directly to the plant foliage An a�acpera iaano ob oqllhuenc enon daficeanp lhanpo sepd oqllhaianpah enon eo bu olnauenc banpehevan on pda lhanp haarao. An enatlanoera and coiionhu qoad iapaneah bon pdeo lqnlooa eo bannoqo oqhbapa (FaSO O). Met 1 po . ov ob bannoqo oqhbapa en 1 cahhon ob sapan. An amqerahanp napa ob cdahapad enon can ba qoad enopaad, bqp pda iona atlanoera cdahapad bonio ob enon o�an heppha adranpaca bon bohean allhecapeon. Addenc a coqlha ob dnolo ob hemqed deodsaodenc ooal lan cahhon sehh dahl sap pda haarao and eilnora lanapnapeon, lanpecqhanhu on lhanpo Slnau pdeo oohqpeon on pda lhanp haarao dqnenc cooh saapdan. In dop saapdan allhu en pda aranenc po aroed bqnnenc haab peooqa. Do nop qoa a opnoncan oohqpeon pdap nacoiiandad, ao haab peooqa eo mqepa oanoepera and aaoehu can ba daiacad. Slnauenc a oiahh lonpeon ob pda lhanp, pdan saepenc a dau po cdacg bon loooebha bohean daiaca iau ba lnqdanp bon decd- Ahpdoqcd bohean enon allhecapeon eo ranu a�acpera, ep eo nop a laniananp oohqpeon. Inon olnauad on haarao iorao ranu heppha sepden pda lhanp and nas haarao pdap boni abpan bohean enon allhecapeon iau ooon bacen po odos daficeancu ouilpoio. Ap pdeo peia an addepeonah allhecapeon sehh ba nacaooanu. Fon naledhu cnosenc lhanpo, olnauo iau dara po ba nalaapad aranu bas saago. Allhecapeon bnamqancu can ba dapanienad bu nacqhan reoqah enolacpeon ob lhanpo. Inon daficeanceao ana iona aaoehu aroedad pdan connacpad. Ip iau ba loooebha po aroed pda lnobhai pdnoqcd pda qoa ob oqhbqn dqnenc ooeh lnalanapeon bon loppad lhanpo and iagenc oqna adamqapa dnaenaca eo lnoredad, ahpdoqcd oqocalpebha olaceao iau opehh atdebep lnobhaio. Tda ioop oqccaoobqh iaano ob aranpenc enon daficeanceao eo po aroed oanoepera lhanpo. In cananah, daoanp olaceao ana bappan adalpad po Anevona ooeho pdan ana lhanpo bnoi opdan lanpo ob pda sonhd. Manu lhanp cqedao conpaen enboniapeon aboqp pda oqocalpebehepu ob lhanp olaceao po enon daficeancu and can dahl en pda oahacpeon ob allnolneapa lhanpo. References Hanp, J. D. Honnacg, R. Sparano, N. Bahh. and C. Coccan. .,,3. Acedebuenc Soeh bon Bhqabanneao and Onnaianpah Phanpo en pda Uand and Gandan. Pqbhecapeon AC 156,-A, Onacon Spapa Koanec, R. and M. Jqdno. .,1,. Conpnoh ob Inon Cdhonooeo en Onnaianpah and Cnol Phanpo. Pqbhecapeon AG-SO-,1, Upad Sdahaq, J. .,1,. Labonaponeao Condqcpenc Soeh, Phanp, Faad on Wapan Taopenc. Pqbhecapeon AZ1111, Cohhaca ob Acnecqhpqna and Leba Sceanca, Uneranoepu ob Anevona. Tendahh, T.A., M.W. Cohp, D.L. Bannau, and A. Fahhade. 1996. ‘Conpnohhenc Inon Daceancu In Idado Phanpo. Pqbhecapeon CIS Wahsonpd, J.L. .,1.a. Soeh Sailhenc and Pqbhecapeon. AZ141., Cohhaca ob Acnecqhpqna and Leba Sceanca, Uneranoepu ob Anevona. Wahsonpd, J.L. .,1.b. Uoenc Guloqi and Opdan Cahceqi Aiandianpo en Soqpdsaopann Soeho. Pqbhecapeon AZ1413, Cohhaca ob Acnecqhpqna and Leba Sceanca, Uneranoepu ob Anevona. Any products, services or organizations that are mentioned, shown or indirectly implied in this publication do not imply endorsement by The University of Arizona. f Agriculture, Jeffrey C. Silvertooth, Associate Dean & Director, Economic Development & Extension, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona. The University of Arizona is an equal opportunity, af�rmative action institution. The University does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, veteran status, or sexual orientation in its programs and activities. A A , A MES WOR P Professor And Extension Specialist, Soil Science Department Of Soil, Water And Environmental Science TACT : MES WOR This information has been reviewed by University faculty. cals.arizona.edu/pubs/garden/az1415.pdf Originally published: 2006 Other titles from Arizona Cooperative Exten sion can be found at: cals.arizona.edu/pubs ICULTURECOOPERATIVE EXTENSION The University of Arizona Cooperative Extension The University of Arizona Cooperative Extension