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Victory in Europe and the Pacific Victory in Europe and the Pacific

Victory in Europe and the Pacific - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2018-12-06

Victory in Europe and the Pacific - PPT Presentation

Why it Matters In 1942 and 1943 the Allies turned back Axis advances In 1944 and 1945 they attacked Germany from the west and east US advanced across the Pacific and created a new weapon that would change warfare and global politics ID: 736970

000 1945 allies bomb 1945 000 bomb allies victory japan hitler germany american day island atomic beach france beaches

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Slide1

Victory in Europe and the PacificSlide2

Why it Matters

In 1942 and 1943 the Allies turned back Axis advances

In 1944 and 1945 they attacked Germany from the west and east

U.S. advanced across the Pacific and created a new weapon that would change warfare and global politicsSlide3

Planning Germany’s Defeat

Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin discussed starting a second front in France

In November 1943, they met in Teheran, Iran

Agreed upon opening a second front in France and defeating Germany by Land, Sea, and Air

Given the code name Operation OverlordSlide4
Slide5

D-Day Invasion of Normandy

Eisenhower served as supreme commander

Landing on a 50 mile stretch of beaches in Normandy

Allies created a fictional army at Calais, west of Normandy, to deceive the Germans

It worked, Hitler sent his top tank division to CalaisSlide6

Beaches Code NamedSlide7

Heroes Storm the Beaches

June 6, 1944- D-Day- Allies hit Germany in force

Attempted to destroy Nazi transportation and communication and soften beach defenses

Four of the beaches saw low casualties

Omaha- an American assigned beach- had tough oppositionSlide8

Omaha

The Germans dug trenches and structures to fire heavy artillery

The beach was covered with deadly guns and mines

Some soldiers were dropped too far from the beach and drowned from heavy packs

Others were met with a rainstorm of bullets, shells, and death

Allies were able to gain a toehold in FranceSlide9
Slide10

Liberation of Europe

Germany was now facing a two front war and losing lands they once dominated

August 1944- Allies liberate Paris

Hitler ordered the city be destroyed but his troops left the “City of Lights”

Rommel and other leading generals planned to overthrow Hitler, but the plot failed

Hitler refused to surrender Slide11

Battle of the Bulge

Hitler’s counter attack

Hitler did take the Americans by surprise by creating a bulge in the American line, but they were able to hold on

When the weather cleared, Allied forces were able to attack back and began pushing the Germans out of FranceSlide12

Allies Push to Victory

1945- Mussolini tries to flee to Switzerland but was captured and executed

Soviets, U.S., and British were making their way to Berlin

Positioned for an all out assault on the capital

Hitler was a physical wreck

He and his closest associates committed suicide on April 30, 1945Slide13

Victory in Europe

FDR did not live to see the day

He died April 12, 1945

Harry S. Truman became the

n

ew President

Germany surrendered May 7

Americans celebrated V-E day (Victory in Europe)Slide14

Advancing in the Pacific

American strategy of island hopping

Capturing some Japanese held islands and ignoring others on a steady path toward Japan

Each island was a struggle to take

Rather than surrender, many Japanese killed themselves

Kamikaze pilots deliberately crashed planes into American ships

The U.S. and MacArthur still pushed forwardSlide15

Iwo Jima

U.S. marines faced a determined enemy

36 days of fighting left 23,000 marines dead

But the U.S. was successful in taking the islandSlide16

Okinawa

Even deadlier than Iwo Jima

Contained a vital air base necessary for a planned invasion of Japan

Most complex and costly operation of island hopping strategy

50,000 casualties

Japan was low of fuel and ammunition and virtually defenseless Slide17

The Atomic Bomb

Albert Einstein wrote to FDR about the need to proceed with atomic development

The Manhattan Project-

code name for the program of development of an atomic bomb

J. Robert Oppenheimer- ran the scientific aspect of the project

July 16, 1945 the first atomic bomb was testedSlide18

Truman Makes His Decision

Truman understood the ethical issues of using the bomb

Axis powers also had nuclear capabilities and no way to tell how close they were to developing a bomb

Chief priority was to save American lives

the current campaign could cost up to 1,000,000 lives

The decision was not difficult for TrumanSlide19
Slide20

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

August 6, 1945- U.S. pilots drop the first bomb on Hiroshima

Within 2 minutes more than 60,000 residents were dead or missing

August 9, 1945- Soviet Union declares war on Japan AND the U.S. drops the 2

nd

bomb on Nagasaki killing 35,000

https

://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=t19kvUiHvAE&feature=fvst

https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=NF4LQaWJRDgSlide21

Victory in the Pacific

On August 15, 1945 the Allies celebrate V-J Day (Victory in Japan)

Japan officially surrendered on September 2, 1945

The most costly war in history was over

As many as 60,000,000 people, mostly civilians, had died in the conflict