Objectives Identify three types of mountains Describe how they are formed Key Terms folded mountain mountain formed by the folding of rock layers dome mountain mountain formed when upfolds in rocks create a rounded structure that looks like a bowl turned upside down ID: 794529
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Slide1
Chapter 5 Section 3How are mountains classified?
Objectives:
Identify three types of mountains.
Describe how they are formed.
Slide2Key Terms
folded mountain
: mountain formed by the folding of rock layers
dome mountain
: mountain formed when upfolds in rocks create a rounded structure that looks like a bowl turned upside down
fault-block mountain
: mountain formed when normal faults uplift a block of rock
Slide3Classifying Mountains
Mountains are classified based on how they are formed. There are three main types of mountains. These are volcanic, folded, and fault-block mountains.
Slide4Classifying Mountains
Volcanic mountains are formed from lava or debris, such as ash or rocks, thrown out of a volcano. Mt. Fuji is a volcanic mountain. Volcanic mountains are built up from eruptions that occur over thousands or even millions of years.
Slide5Mt. Fuji
Slide6EXPLAIN:
How are mountains classified?
Slide7Folded Mountains
When rock layers are subject to certain forces, they can become bent in a process called folding. Mountains formed by the folding of rock layers are called
folded mountains
.
Earth’s continents move slowly on top of the upper mantle. Most folded mountains form when the continents collide.
Slide8Folded Mountains
The movements of the continents squeeze rock layers together. Over millions of years, pressure builds up. The rock layers of the crust buckle and fold.
Large upfolds, and anticlines, form folded mountains. The Himalayas in south central Asia and the Urals in Russia are folded mountains. The Appalachian Mountains in the United States are also folded mountains.
Slide9Mount Everest, in the Himalayas, is a folded mountain
Slide10Folded Mountains
When some mountains fold upward they produce a shape that looks like a bowl that has been turned upside down. These mountains are called
dome mountains
.
Slide11Folded Mountains
The rock layers in a dome mountain dip down and out in all directions from a center point. As the top layers of unfolded sedimentary rock are worn away, older igneous or metamorphic rock beneath is exposed. The upper rock layers of these dome mountains have been worn away unevenly. This has resulted in many separate peaks being formed.
Slide12The Black HIlls of South Dakota are dome mountains
Slide132. DESCRIBE:
How are folded mountains formed?
Slide14Fault-Block Mountains
Fractures can form in Earth’s crust. These fractures may break the crust into large blocks. Sometimes faulting lifts these large blocks. One side of the fault slips past the crust on the other side. If the blocks are pushed up enough, a mountain is formed. Mountains formed in this way are called
fault-block mountains
.
Slide15Fault-Block Mountains
The Grand Tetons in Wyoming are fault-block mountains. The Sierra Nevada in California are also fault-block mountains.
Slide163. LIST:
Name two fault-block mountain ranges in the United States.
Slide17Classwork
CHECKING CONCEPTS
Which type of mountain is usually formed by colliding continents?
Which type of mountain is formed by vertical pressure?
Which type of mountain is formed by upward thrusts of Earth’s crust?
Slide18Classwork
THINKING CRITICALLY
4. CLASSIFY: Classify each mountain range listed as dome, folded, or fault-block. Explain your choices.
Appalachian Mountains
Grand Tetons
Himalaya Mountains