Old Young Figure 1: Recognition performance - PowerPoint Presentation

1. OldYoungFigure 1: Recognition performanceEpisodic retrieval of visually rich items and associations in young and older adults: Evidence from ERPsIntroduction I. Item and Associative Encoding TasksIII. Item and Associative Recognition TasksSummary & DiscussionMethodsParticipants (1st wave of the AnFAnG-study at Trier University)30 young adults (M=24,7)48 healthy older adults (M=70,5) II. Distractor Task (Counting Span)http://neurokog.uni-trier.de; http://anfang.uni-rier.deKalina Nennstiel & Siri-Maria KampNeurocognitive Psychology - Trier UniversityNo evidence for a selective age-related associative deficit in the present design!Influence of task difficulty?Floor effects in the associative memory test?Our results are consistent with the idea that recollection, but not familiarity, supports associative memory, while item memory is supported by both processes.However, somewhat smaller left parietal old/new effect in the associative test in young adultsRelated to overall low performance in the associative test?Familiarity (mid-frontal old/new effect) in item-tasks is relatively intact in older adults.Age-related decline in recollection (left parietal ERP old/new effect) This was observed for both an item test using visually rich stimuli and an inter-item associative test.A general age-related recollection deficit appears to apply to both item and associative memory.Friedman, D. (2013). The cognitive aging of episodic memory: a view based on the event-related brain potential. Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, 7, 111.Koen, J. & Yonelinas ,A. (2013). Recollection and familiarity declines in healthy aging, a MCI, and AD. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 25 (Suppl.), 197.Old, S. R., & Naveh-Benjamin, M. (2008). Differential effects of age on item and associative measures of memory: a meta-analysis. Psychology and aging, 23(1), 104.Rugg, M. D., & Curran, T. (2007). Event-related potentials and recognition memory. Trends in cognitive sciences, 11(6), 251-257.Yonelinas, A. P. (2002). The nature of recollection and familiarity: A review of 30 years of research. Journal of memory and language, 46(3), 441-517.???ReferencesResultsDual process theory of recognition memory Familiarity (context-free, relatively automatic) vs. recollection (retrieval of context and other details from encoding, resource-demanding)Item information can be retrieved by familiarity or recollection (or a mixture of both), while recollection is necessary to retrieve associations (Yonelinas, 2002).ERP correlates: Familiarity-based retrieval: Early mid-frontal ERP old/new effect; Recollection: left-parietal ERP old/new effect (Rugg & Curran, 2007)Age differences in item vs. associative memory and retrieval modesOlder adults have stronger difficulties with associative memory than item memory (Old & Naveh-Benjamin, 2008).Recollection-based retrieval declines more strongly during aging than familiarity-based retrieval (Koen & Yonelinas, 2013).Age effects of the ERP-correlates of recollection and familiarity are generally consistent with this: Stronger age-related reduction of the left-parietal old/new effect than the mid-frontal effect (Friedman, 2013). However, prior results are inconsistent.ERP correlates of recollection and familiarity have rarely been studied within subjects in separate item and associative memory tasksGoals of the present analysisMore evidence on age effects on mid-frontal and parietal old/new effectsIs recollection (the left parietal old/new effect) equally strongly affected by aging in an item memory task vs. an associative memory task?Behavioral results (Figure 1)Young adults performed better than elderly in both episodic memory tasksBoth age groups performed better in the item than in the association task Unexpectedly, no Age * Task type interactionNo replication of the age-related associative deficitYoung adults Only a left-parietal old/new effect (500-700 ms)Older adults No old/new effectsYoung adults Early mid-frontal old/new effect (300-500 ms)Left-parietal old/new effect (500-700 ms)Older adults Delayed but intact mid-frontal effect (400-700 ms) No left-parietal old/new effecttime (ms)-805001000150002468-6-4-2amplitude (µV)05001000150002468-6-4-2time (ms)amplitude (µV)frontal electrode (Fz)left parietal electrode (P3)Figure 2: ERPs during item recognition-8O Item NewO Item OldY Item NewY Item OldO Item NewO Item OldY Item NewY Item Old05001000150002468-8-6-4-2amplitude (µV)time (ms)05001000150002468-6-4-2time (ms)-202-8frontal electrode (Fz)left parietal electrode (P3)Figure 3: ERPs during associative recognitionO Assoc NewO Assoc OldY Assoc NewY Assoc OldO Assoc NewO Assoc OldY Assoc NewY Assoc OldItem TaskAssociative TaskItem TaskAssociative Taskamplitude (µV)ERPs during the item recognition test (Figure 2)ERPs during the associative recognition test (Figure 3)