head and the neck ED II Additional images to the lecture Dr Ágota Ádám External carotid artery Maxillary a Lingual artery 2nd branch of ECA ID: 1041767
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1. Blood vessels of the head and the neckED II.Additional images to the lectureDr. Ágota Ádám
2. External carotid arteryMaxillary a. !!!
3. Lingual artery2nd branch of ECA – at the level of lesser horn of the hyoid boneDeep lingual a.Sublingual a.Medial lingual sulcus
4. Fig. 1 Schematic drawing ofleft side Beclard’s, Lesser’s, andPirogoff’s triangles54 Surg Radiol Anat (2011) 33:53–57123How to locate the lingual artery? The triangles of Pirogov (Pirogoff) and BéclardR. Shane Tubbs • Mark Rasmussen •Marios Loukas • Mohammadali M. Shoja •Aaron A. Cohen-Gadol, Surg Radiol Anat (2011) 33:53–57DOI 10.1007/s00276-010-0697-2Borders of the Pirogov trigone:Intermediate tendon of digastric m. post. Border of mylohyoid m.N. XII. Borders of the Béclard trigone:Post. border of hyoglossus m. post. belly of digastric m.Greater horn of hyoid bone
5. Facial artery3rd branch of ECA submental a. inf. and sup. labial branches lat. nasal a. angular a. (end branch)
6. Ascending pharyngeal arteryAscending pharyngeal arteryOriginates between ECA and ICA- Pharyngeal branches → wall of the pharynx- Inferior tympanic a. → tympanic canalicule → tympanic cavity- Post meningeal a. →jugular foramen → dura
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8. Maxillary artery
9. Carotid sinus and carotid bodyThe common carotid artery has two specialized organs near its bifurcation:the carotid sinus and the carotid body ⇒ information concerning pressure and chemical composition of the arterialbloodInnervation: glossopharyngeal nerve, with small contributionsfrom the cervical sympathetic trunk and the vagus nerve.carotid sinus: baroreceptor; usually appears as a dilation of the lower end ofthe internal carotid carotid body: chemoreceptor; a reddish-brown, oval structure, 5–7 mm inheight and 2.5–4 mm in width. It lies either posterior to the carotidbifurcation or between its branches, and is attached to, or sometimespartly embedded in, their adventitia
10. Blood supply of the gingivaFrom lingual and maxillary arteriesUpper gingiva (around the maxillary cheek):- The buccal gingivae around the maxillary cheek teeth are supplied by gingival and perforating branches from the posterior superior alveolar artery and by the buccal branch of the maxillary artery.- The labial gingivae of anterior teeth are supplied by labial branches of the infraorbital artery and by perforating branches of the anterior superior alveolar artery. -The palatal gingivae are supplied primarily by branches of the greater palatine artery.Lower gingiva (around the mandibular cheek):- The buccal gingivae associated with the mandibular cheek teeth are supplied by the buccal branch of the maxillary artery and by perforating branches from the inferior alveolar artery. -The labial gingivae around the anterior teeth are supplied by the mental artery and by perforating branches of the incisive artery. -The lingual gingivae are supplied by perforating branches from the inferior alveolar artery and by its lingual branch, and by the main lingual artery, a branch of the external carotid artery.
11. Blood supply of the palateprincipally from the greater palatine arteryThe greater palatine artery descends with its accompanying nerve in the palatine canal, where it gives off two or three lesser palatine arteries, which are transmitted through the lesser palatine canals and foramina to supply the soft palate and tonsil, and anastomose with the ascending palatine branch of the facial artery. The greater palatine artery emerges on to the oral surface of the palate at the greater palatine foramen adjacent to the second maxillary molar and runs in a curved groove near the alveolar border of the hard palate to the incisive canal. It ascends this canal and anastomoses with septal branches of the nasopalatine artery to supply the gingivae, palatine glands and mucous membrane.
12. Veins of the neck
13. Clinical relevances in dentistry
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15. Anastomosis between the greater palatine artery and nasopalatine arteriesVascular corrosion casting with rasin; by Dr. Arvin Shahbazi
16. Latex milk injection; by Dr. Arvin Shahbazi
17. A severe hematoma on the anterior floor of the mouth after implant placement in the anterior mandible. (from: "Implant Dentistry - A Rapidly Evolving Practice", book edited by Ilser Turkyilmaz)Hematoma after dental anaesthesiaCommon complications after local anaesthesia
18. Other clinical relevances (general medicine)Ultrasound examination of the carotid artery
19. Pterion: is the region where the frontal, parietal, temporal, and sphenoid bones join togetherweakest part of the skullThe anterior division of the middle meningeal artery runs underneath the pterion ⇒ a traumatic blow to the pterion may rupture the middle meningeal artery causing an epidural haematoma
20. Thank you for you attention!