By Carly Knoblauch N4 Nursing student KSON Course Objectives 1 Use evidencebased practices health care technology and effective communication strategies to guide the essential public health interventions ID: 811562
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Slide1
Pneumonia Uganda, Africa
By: Carly Knoblauch {N4 Nursing student, KSON}
Slide2Course Objectives
1. Use evidence-based practices, health care technology, and effective communication strategies to guide the essential public health interventions
across the
lifespan.
2. Use data from population assessments to identify the influences of
the determinants
of health (environmental, social, political, legal-ethical,
economic, behavioral
, and cultural) on delivery of care to diverse populations.
3. Assess the health status, health care access, and emergency preparedness
needs of
the defined population.
4. Participate with healthcare providers and community leaders in the
planning, implementation
, and evaluation of health interventions.
5. Collaborate with healthcare providers and community partners to promote
clinical prevention
and population-focused health. Apply knowledge from nursing
and related
arts and sciences to the care of selected community based aggregates.
Slide3Background of Uganda
THE FACTSPopulation: 37,101,745
Children ages 0-14 years
: 48.1%
Infant Mortality Rate:
Total: 59.21 deaths/1,000 live births
Birth Rate: 43.79 births/1,000 populationLanguages: English(official national language, taught in grade schools). Swahili and other tribal languages are used as well.Life expectancy: 52.72 yearsReligion: Roman Catholic 41.9%.(The World Factbook ,n.d.).
LIFE IN UGANDATransportation: Walking, bicycles, and boda boda (motorcycles).Food: Posho, rice, tropical fruits, ground nuts, sim-sim, chapatti, leafy greens, chicken, goat, fish, and goat.Housing: Huts (homestead usually consists of 3 huts), apartment, and houses.Occupation: agriculture, brick making, medical staff, military enforcement, tourism, making clothing goods, etc.
Slide4More Background
Our clinical group was comprised of 3 nursing students (BSN program), a clinical instructor, and an international advisor.
We assessed the vulnerable children population of 5 years and younger in Uganda, Africa.
We looked at the top five child morbidities which included:
Malaria
Malnutrition
Sepsis/PneumoniaTBHIV/AIDS
Slide5Clinical Locations
GULU
OCER Campion Jesuit College
Private secondary school for students
P7-S4
Level 2 Health Centers
Laroo ClinicOutpatient, laboratory, immunizations, pharmacy, antenatal, and maternity. Run by nursing staff.St.Monica’s Health ClinicOutpatient, laboratory, pharmacy, and immunization.St.Mauritz Health ClinicOutpatient, maternity, antenatal, postpartum, pharmacy, and laboratory. Ran by missionary NP and nursing professionalsKALONGO
Saint Mary’s Midwifery School/Dr. Ambrosoli HospitalMidwifery students can obtain certification (2 years) or diploma (3 years).Hospital consisted of surgical , pediatric, TB, maternity, antenatal, and medical wards.Level 3 Health CentersPaimol Health ClinicOutpatient care, immunizations, maternity inpatient, laboratory, and pharmacy.
Slide6Slide7Pneumonia In Uganda
According to UNICEF when looking through the years 2008-2012 there were 78.7% of children suspected to have pneumonia who sought out medical care (Uganda Statistics, 2013
).
O
nly
about
50% of the children sick with pneumonia receive appropriate medical care and, less than 20 % of children with pneumonia receive antibiotics (Tuhebwe, Tumushabe, Leontsini, & Wanyenze, 2014).Common myth in Uganda- That children who get up early and go outside will have increased chance of catching Pneumonia.
Common home treatments include: herbs, fruit, give drinks, and giving raw eggs.Warning SignsSevere weaknessHigh feverDifficult breathing(Tuhebwe et al.,2014).
Slide8Pneumonia Data
(Records Management: Dr.
Ambrosoli
Memorial Hospital Kalongo, 2016)
Slide9Interventions
Primary (Prevention)Education about warning signs of PneumoniaEducation on good hygiene practices to prevent Pneumonia. ( washing hands, covering month when coughing, adequate nutrition, drinking safe water, decrease exposure to environment factors).
Immunizations (
Pneumococcal conjugate
vaccine
(PCV13
))Secondary (Screening)Most common in Africa is just a physical examinationArterial blood gas (not as commonly done in Africa)X-Ray (not as commonly done in Africa)Tertiary (Treatment)Antibiotic treatmentHospitalizationsVHT follow ups
Slide10Interventions Continued
Individual LevelSeeking medical helpDrinking safe water/providing children adequate nutrition
Taking children to get
immunizations
VHT educate on an individual level the warning signs of pneumonia and help them seek
care
Community LevelHealth clinics have the proper vaccinations and medications to prevent/treat pneumoniaVHT and health centers use posters and educational campaigns at local events (ex. church and political rallies) that are geared toward educating, promoting vaccines, seeking care, and getting treatment.System LevelGovernment provides vaccination days free of charge Government provides antibiotics to all health clinicsA transportation system need to be put in place in order to access care.VHT and ministry of health created a centralized process to simplify access to antibiotics and treatment and access to
care.
Slide11Village Healthcare Team (VHT)
Roles:MobilizationI
dentify
emerging
conditions
Referral
to nearby health center/hospitalHealth education talksFollow-up appointmentsMaintain hygiene in communityReport/Record Management- benchmarking districtsCommon Health Problems:MalariaPneumoniaDiarrheaConvulsionTBEpilepsyInjuries
Provides:Surveillance, family planning, hygiene promotion, community medicine administration, community vaccinations, and referrals.
Slide12Conclusions
In conclusion Pneumonia is a deadly killer to children under the age of 5 years in Uganda Africa. Although there are prevention techniques in place the main issue is access to care. Individuals can not access the clinics and hospitals to receive care and often treatment is not available. In order to prevent this issue in Uganda, individuals need to be educated on the proper use of
immunizations
and risk factors. Also, the government needs to get involved my making it more accessible to obtain treatment. Overall, the Uganda health care systems are trying their best with the resources they have.
Slide13Most Profound Clinical Experience
Saint Mary’s Midwifery School & Dr.
Ambrosoli
Memorial Hospital
During my time at
Saint Mary’s Midwifery School
& Dr.
Ambrosoli Memorial Hospital I got to tour many wards like the maternity ward ( I got to see a live birth!) However my greatest clinical experience was getting educated and interacting with the VHT members.
Slide14Most Profound Cultural Experience
Visiting Nurse
Concy’s
village and home. She invited us into her hut with a traditional African welcoming.
Being taught African traditional songs and dances.
Slide15My Favorite Pictures
Slide16Slide17References
Pneumonia Data For Children Under Five (p. 1, Rep.). (2016). Kalongo: Dr. Ambrosoli Memorial Hospital.
The World Factbook (
n.d.
). Retrieved January 25, 2016, from
https://
www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/od.htmlTuhebwe, D., Tumushabe, E., Leontsini, E., & Wanyenze, R. (2014). Pneumonia among children under five in Uganda: Symptom recognition and actions taken by caretakers. African Health Sciences. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4370082Uganda Statistics. (2013).Unicef. Retrieved from http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/uganda_statistics.html