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Botulism Synonyms: Botulism Synonyms:

Botulism Synonyms: - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2022-05-14

Botulism Synonyms: - PPT Presentation

Equine grass tetany Limber neck Shaker foal syndrome Etiology Clostridium botulinum is a spore oval sub terminal endospores forming gram positive organism and produces neurotoxins during their vegetative growth ID: 911057

botulism toxin susceptible type toxin botulism type susceptible feed sheep cattle demonstration intestinal affected human infection contaminated walking wounds

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1

Botulism

Synonyms:

Equine grass

tetany

/ Limber neck / Shaker foal syndrome.

Etiology

:

Clostridium

botulinum

is a spore (oval, sub terminal

endospores

) forming, gram positive organism and produces neurotoxins during their vegetative growth.

It has 7

antigenitically

distinct types from A to G.

Farm animals are affected with toxin type B, C and D.

Source

of infection

Preformed toxin (Forage botulism)

Contaminated feeds with toxin containing carrions(Carrion associated botulism)

Toxin production in wounds (Wound botulism)

Alimentary tract (

Toxico

infectious botulism)

Transmission

Ingestion of contaminated material or birds or blow flies are possible.

Spread of infection through injury.

Slide2

Host affected:Cattle and sheep are susceptible for type C and D while horses are susceptible for type B toxin.

Pigs, dogs and cats found to be resistant.

Human is also susceptible for

bolutinum

toxins.

Pathogenesis:

Organism→Botulism

toxins (neurotoxin) → absorbed by the intestinal tract or the wound → traverse through the blood stream → peripheral cholinergic nerve terminals → neuromuscular

junction→interfere

the release of Ach→ leading to flaccid

paralysis→Death

due to respiratory paralysis.

Clinical findings:

Early muscle tremor,

progressive symmetrical weakness,

motor paralysis leading to

recumbency

.

Mydriasis

ptosis

walking

(Limber neck).

Slide3

weak tongue retraction sensation and consciousness retained until death In sheep, in early stage there is excitability, stiffness while walking and incoordination. The head may be held on one side or bobbed up and down while

Diagnosis

:

Demonstration of toxin in serum or feed.

Demonstration of organisms in feed, intestinal contents or wounds

Treatment:

With type-specific antiserum and supportive treatment as fluid therapy and

enteral

feeding.

 

Control

:

Avoidance of exposure by feed management and Vaccination.

Zoonotic

implications:

Botulinum

toxin is identified as a possible agent for bioterrorism.

The meat and milk from cattle that have botulism should not be used for human consumption.