Blood pressure BP is the pressure or tension exerted on the arterial walls as blood pulsates through them principal vital sign Systolic blood pressure SBP pressure exerted on the arteries during the contraction phase of the heartbeat ID: 736480
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Blood Pressure
1Slide2
Blood Pressure
Blood pressure (BP)
is the pressure or tension exerted on the arterial walls as blood pulsates through them (principal vital sign)
Systolic blood pressure (SBP)
– pressure exerted on the arteries during the contraction phase of the heartbeat.
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) – the resting pressure on the arteries as the heart relaxes between contractions.
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Diastolic phase:
heart relaxes, BP falls, heart fills with blood
Systolic phase :
heart contracts, BP rises, heart pumps blood out to the bodySlide4
The average BP, due to the pumping by the heart and resistance in blood vessels decreases as the circulating blood moves away from the heart through the body. Gravity, valves in veins and pumping from contracting of skeletal muscles are some other influences on BP at various places in the body.Slide5
Reporting BP
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Unit of measurement:
Millimeters of mercury (mmHg)
120
80
“LUB”
“DUB”Slide6
Blood Pressure
(cont.)
Classification of BP for Adults
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Category
Systolic (mmHg)
Diastolic (mmHg)
Hypo
tension
< 90
<60
Normal
90 - 119
and 60 - 79
Pre
hyper
tension
120 - 139
or 80 - 89
Stage 1
Hyper
tension
140 – 159
Or 90 -99
Stage 2
Hyper
tension
≥ 160
or ≥ 100Slide7
Blood Pressure
(cont.)
Sites for Blood Pressure AssessmentBrachial artery
– taken on the upper arm; most common site.
Radial artery
– taken on the lower arm; possible site for infants or clients who have very large upper arms.
Popliteal artery– taken on the thigh.Dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial
– taken on the lower leg.
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Blood Pressure
(cont.)
Equipment for Measuring Blood PressureBlood pressure is measured using a
sphygmomanometer
, also called a
BP cuff, or cuff.
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Sounds like: SFIG-moh-mə-NOM-i-terSlide9
Blood Pressure
(cont.)
Equipment for Measuring Blood Pressure
Types of Sphygmomanometers
Mercury
– has a calibrated glass tube containing mercury. Aneroid
– has a calibrated dial with a needle that points to numbers on the
face of the dial.
Electronic
– uses a digital display and usually includes the pulse rate.
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Mercury
Aneroid
DigitalSlide10
Homework:
What factors affect HR & BP?
Heart Rate
Blood PressureSlide11
Scientific Investigation
Inquiry Question:
Variables:
Independent Variable:
What will be manipulated?
Dependent Variable: What will be affected?Control:
What will we compare our results to? OR What will remain constant?
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Chapter 9
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