Chapter 6 Introduction Excerpts To the families of those weve lost to all who called them friends to the students of this university the public servants who are gathered here the people of Tucson and the people of Arizona I have come here tonight as an American who like all Ameri ID: 547093
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Slide1
Analyzing the audience
Chapter 6Slide2
IntroductionSlide3
Excerpts
“To
the families of those we’ve lost; to all who called them friends; to the students of this university, the public servants who are gathered here, the people of Tucson and the people of Arizona: I have come here tonight as an American who, like all Americans, kneels to pray with you today and will stand by you tomorrow
.”
“But
at a time when our discourse has become so sharply polarized -– at a time when we are far too eager to lay the blame for all that ails the world at the feet of those who happen to think differently than we do -– it’s important for us to pause for a moment and make sure that we’re talking with each other in a way that heals, not in a way that wounds
.”
“I
want to live up to her expectations. (Applause.) I want our democracy to be as good as Christina imagined it. I want America to be as good as she imagined it. (Applause.) All of us -– we should do everything we can to make sure this country lives up to our children’s expectations. (Applause
.)”Slide4
Audience-Centeredness
Speeches seek to gain responses from audiences
Shouldn’t imply compromise
Questions to ask yourself
To whom am I speaking?
What do I want them to know, believe, or do as a result of my speech?
What is the most effective way of composing and presenting my speech to accomplish that aim?Slide5
The challenger addressSlide6
identification
Emphasizing common values
Characteristic of ceremonial speaking
Present in deliberative speaking
?
Imagine yourself as naïve on the subjectSlide7
Case studySlide8
Your classmates as audience
Instructors are not the only audience members
“The best classroom speeches are those that take the classroom audience as seriously as a lawyer, a politician, a minister, or an advertiser takes an audience.”
Most speeches will not
have immediate
impact, but they do
count.Slide9
The psychology of audiences
Auditory perception is always selective
Egocentrism – We hear what we want to hear
What should you know as a speaker
?Slide10
Demographic audience analysis
Useful tool, but exercise caution
Common Demographic Factors
Age
Gender
Religion
Sexual Orientation
Racial, ethnic, and cultural background
Group membershipSlide11
Situational Audience Analysis
Builds on demographic analysis
Unique to the speaking situation at hand
Common Situational Factors
Size
Physical setting
Disposition toward topic
Disposition toward speaker
Disposition toward occasionSlide12
Adapting to audience
Before the speech
During the speech