Objective I can analyze the Bill of Rights amp Other Amendments Limits on Rights An individuals rights must be balanced with the rights of others and the communitys health and safety Community vs Individual Rights ID: 747655
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Bill of Rights Chapter 4
Objective: I can analyze the Bill of Rights & Other AmendmentsSlide2
Limits on Rights
An individual’s rights must be balanced with the rights of others and the community’s health and safety.
Community vs. Individual Rights
When there is a conflict, the rights of the community often come first.Slide3
Civil Liberties
The Bill of Rights protects our civil liberties--the freedoms we have to think and to act without government interference or fear of unfair treatment.Slide4
Civil LibertiesSlide5
First Amendment
I do not agree with what you have to say, but I’ll defend to death your right to say it.
Voltaire
Freedom of religion
Freedom of speech
Freedom of the press
Freedom of assembly
Freedom of association
Freedom to petition the government
Petition=formal request; right to express one’s ideas to the governmentSlide6
First Amendment Limits
Freedom of speech does not include the right to endanger our government or other American citizens. You do not have freedom to provoke a riot. You are not free to speak or write in a way that immediately leads to criminal activities or efforts to otherthrow the government by force.
Slander=Spreading spoken lies is a crime
Libel=Spreading written/printed lies is a crimeSlide7
Tinker v. Des Moines School District
The lawyers argued that the wearing of the armbands constituted an expression of feeling and beliefs similar to actual speech.
Judge Fortas’s concept of “pure speech” extended the First Amendment protection to symbolic expressions of ideas that can also be spoken.
pg. 127 in bookSlide8
Second Amendment
The right to bear armsSlide9
Protecting the Rights of the Accused
Fourth Amendment-protects Americans against unreasonable searches and seizures.
Search Warrant-a court order allowing law enforcement officers to search a suspect’s home or business and take specific items as evidence
A drug-sniffing dog and police officer search lockers.Slide10
Protecting the Rights of the Accused
Fifth Amendment
No trial may be held unless a person is formally charged, or indicted, by the grand jury.
A person found not guilty may not be put on trial again for the same crime.
Accused persons may not be forced to testify against themselves.
Every person is entitled to due process of law.
No one may be deprived of their property by the government without compensation.
Indictment-a formal charge by a group of citizens called a grand jury, who review the evidence against the accused
Double Jeopardy-this means that people who are accused of a crime and judged not guilty may not be put on trial again for the same crime.
Miranda-Right to remain silent
Due process-means following established legal procedures; the laws themselves must be reasonable
Eminent domain is the right of the government to take private property--usually land--for public use.Slide11
Protecting the Rights of the Accused
Sixth Amendment
The accused must be informed of the nature of the charges.
The accused must be allowed a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury.
If possible, the trial must be held in the area where the crime took place.
The accused must be permitted to hear and question all witnesses.
The accused is entitled to a lawyer and to call witnesses for his or her defense.
It also requires that the accused be allowed a trial by jury although they may ask to be tried by only a judge instead.Slide12
Table-5th & 6th Amendments
the Sixth Amendment
Due process of law is the process by which all parties follow the law carefully so that everyone’s rights are protected.Slide13
Protecting the Rights of the Accused
Forbids excessive bail
Bail is a sum of money used as a security deposit.
Bail can be denied-flight risk
Protects against excessive fines if convicted
Fines vary depending on seriousness of the crime
Forbids cruel and unusual punishment
Debated for years what kinds of punishment are cruel and unusual
Generally agreed that punishment should be in proportion, or balanced, to the crime committed
Eighth AmendmentSlide14
Third Amendment
In peacetime, soldiers may not move into private homes without the consent of the homeowner.Slide15
Seventh Amendment
***Concerns civil cases-lawsuits that involve, or contain, disagreements between people rather than crimes.
**Provides the right to a jury trial in federal courts to settle all disputes about property worth more than $20.
*When both parties in a conflict agree, however, a judge rather than a jury may hear evidence and settle the case.Slide16
Ninth Amendment
States that all other rights not spelled out in the Constitution are retained by the people.Slide17
Tenth Amendment
**States that any powers the Constitution does not specifically give to the national government are reserved for the states and for the people. [Source of Reserved Powers]
*Expresses the idea that the federal government is limited only to powers it is granted in the Constitution.Slide18
Partner Questions
Why do you think the Framers of the Constitution addressed the legal treatment of the accused in so many amendments?
How do the Ninth and Tenth Amendments limit the power of government?
Which of the first 10 amendments do you think is the most important? Why?Slide19
Partner Question
Why do you think the Framers of the Constitution addressed the legal treatment of the accused in so many amendments?
They had experienced unfair treatment under British law and wanted to prevent similar abuses in their new government.Slide20
Partner Question
How do the Ninth and Tenth Amendments limit the power of government?
The Ninth and Tenth Amendments state that not all rights are covered by the Bill of Rights and secure all unspecified rights to the states and to the people.Slide21
Bill of Rights Chapter 4
Objective: I can analyze the Bill of Rights & Other AmendmentsSlide22
Eleventh Amendment
Places limits on suits against states.Slide23
Twelfth Amendment
Revises procedures for electing president and vice president [Top two vs. Ticket]Slide24
Thirteenth Amendment
Abolishes slavery
Civil War Amendment
Outlawed any sort of forced labor, except as punishment for a crime.Slide25
Fourteenth Amendment
Defines United States citizenship;
guarantees all citizens equal protection of the laws
Born or naturalized in the United States
Civil War Amendment
Nationalization of the Bill of Rights-nat’l gov’t as well as state gov’tsSlide26
Fifteenth Amendment
Civil War Amendment
Prohibits restrictions on the rights to vote based on race and color
Suffrage=the right to vote
Women still NOT allowed to voteSlide27
Bell Ringer!!!
Take out your homework and pass it forward please.
If you did not get it finished…wait to turn it in.
Who needs to do their current event????Slide28
Friday’s Activity
Select one of the following landmark court cases and write a one page description and review of the case…
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Plessy v. Ferguson
Korematsu v. United States
Brown v. Board of EducationBrandenberg v. OhioLoving v. VirginiaSlide29
Sixteenth Amendment
Gives Congress the power to levy an income tax.
Raise revenueSlide30
Seventeenth Amendment
Enables voters to elect senators directly
Previously the state legislatures were to choose members of the Senate.Slide31
Eighteenth Amendment & Twenty-First Amendment
18th: Prohibits making, drinking, or selling alcoholic beverages [Prohibition]
21st: Repeals Prohibition [18th Amendment]Slide32
Nineteenth Amendment
Gives women the right to vote (1920)
Some territories like Wyoming (1869) gave women the right to vote earlierSlide33
Twentieth Amendment
Changes the dates of congressional and presidential terms
March 4 to January 20Slide34
Twenty-Second Amendment
Limits presidents to two terms in office (1951)
In response to FDR’s four termsSlide35
Twenty-Third Amendment
Gives residents of the District of Columbia the right to vote-national elections i.e. president and vice presidentSlide36
Twenty-fifth Amendment
Establishes procedures for succession to the presidencySlide37
Twenty-Sixth Amendment
Sets voting age at 18 years
Vietnam War
1971Slide38
Twenty-seventh Amendment
Delays congressional pay raises until the term following their passage (1992)Slide39
Partner Questions
Explain the Civil War Amendments.
Identify and explain the amendments (5) that expand voting rights. (Excluding 15th)Slide40
Partner Questions
Explain the Civil War Amendments.
13th Amendment-abolishes slavery
14th Amendment-Defines US citizenship; guarantees all citizens equal protection of the laws
15th Amendment-Prohibits restrictions on the right to vote based on race and colorSlide41
Partner Questions
Identify and explain the amendments (5) that expand voting rights. [Excluding the 15th]
17th-voters elect senators directly
19th-suffrage is extended to women of age
23rd-suffrage is extended to residents of the District of Columbia
24th-eliminated poll taxes, ensuring African Americans and poor whites would be able to exercise voting rights
26th-suffrage is extended to people aged 18-21Slide42
Quick Read and Notes…Part One
Read page one of the “
Icivics
” packet…As you read, make special note on another sheet of paper about the following:
Discrimination
SegregationMLK Jr.Little Rock NineMarches
Sit-Ins
BoycottsSlide43
The Civil Rights Struggle
Discrimination=unfair treatment based on prejudice against a certain group.
Jim Crow Laws-Southern states passed laws requiring African Americans and whites to be separated in most public placesSlide44
The Civil Rights Struggle
Segregation=social separation of the races
Civil Rights=rights of full citizenship and equality under the lawSlide45
Quick Read and Notes…Part Two
Continue reading page 2 of the packet.
Make special note of:
Civil Rights Act of 1964
24th Amendment
Voting Rights Act of 1965Brown v. Board of EducationLoving v. VirginiaDixiecratsSlide46
Brown v. Board of Education
Supreme Court ruled racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional. (1954)
Violated the 14th Amendment-equal protection under the law. (1868)Slide47
Twenty-Fourth Amendment
Abolishes poll taxes (1964)
Poll taxes=required votes to pay a sum of money before casting a ballot
Poor people affectedSlide48
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Prohibited discrimination in public facilities, employment, education, and voter registration.
It banned discrimination based on race and color, sex or gender, religion, and national origin.Slide49
Civil Rights Gains
Other groups have made gains
Affirmative Action-federal government programs to try to make up past discrimination.
These programs encouraged the hiring and promoting of minorities and women in fields that were traditionally closed to them. Colleges, too, practiced affirmative action to help minority students gain admission.Slide50
Gratz v. Bollinger
Affirmative Action from the start has been controversial. [Reverse Discrimination???]
Supreme Court struck down a University of Michigan point-based admission policy, stating that it gave excessive points to minority applicants.Slide51
Affirmative Action
Struggle for equal rights continues--each year the federal government receives more than 75,000 complaints of workplace discrimination.Slide52
Racial Profiling
Many Americans and others are sometimes subject to racial profiling by law enforcement officers--being singled out as suspects because of the way they look.Slide53
Hate Crimes
Some Americans even become the victims of hate crimes--acts of violence based on a person’s race, color, national origin, gender, or disability.