Earths thermosphere and ionosphere Wenbin Wang Alan Burns Liying Qian and Stan Solomon High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder USA Outline ID: 322676
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Slide1
How does the Sun drive the dynamics of Earth’s thermosphere and ionosphere
Wenbin
Wang, Alan Burns,
Liying
Qian
and Stan Solomon
High Altitude Observatory
National Center for Atmospheric Research
Boulder,
USASlide2
Outline
Earth’s thermosphere and ionosphere
Energy and momentum inputs to the thermosphere and ionosphere
Thermospheric response to geomagnetic activity
Simulation of the thermosphere and ionosphere response to a CIR event Slide3
The Thermosphere-Ionosphere System
http://
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IonosphereSlide4
Major Species Density Structure of the Atmosphere
Diffusively Separating
Fully Mixed
O
O
2
N
2
Total Density
MSIS empirical model atmosphere
mid-day
mid-latitudeSlide5
5
MSIS/IRImid-day
mid-latitude
Thermosphere-Ionosphere VariabilitySlide6
Living with a
Star
Targeted Research and Technology program:“Plasma–Neutral Gas Coupling in the Chromosphere and Ionosphere
”
Leake et al., Ionized
Plasma and Neutral Gas Coupling in the Sun’s
Chromosphere
and Earth’s Ionosphere/
Thermosphere,
Space
Sci. Rev., Doi
:
10.1007
/s11214-014-0103-1
,
in press, 2014
.
Chromosphere
Thermosphere
Neutral Gas
PlasmaSlide7
Thermosphere-Ionosphere System: an Externally D
riven
System
Sun
Magnetosphere
Thermosphere
Ionosphere
Solar Wind
IMF
Ultraviolet
and
X-rays
Tides and
Planetary
Waves
Turbulence
and
Convection
Auroral Currents
Energetic
Particles
Heliosphere
Lower & Middle
AtmosphereSlide8
Knipp et al., Solar Physics, 2004, 224: 495-505
Global Energy Input to the Thermosphere-
Ionosphere
SystemSlide9
Geomagnetic Forcing on the T-I system
Enhanced Electric Field and Ion Drag
Enhanced Auroral Precipitation
and Ionospheric Conductivity
Dynamics
Explorer
Stan Solomon
Joule Heating
Ion Drag Slide10
Thermospheric Temperature Response to Geomagnetic Forcing
F107: 190
UT:1200DOY: 356
HT: ~300km
Quiet
Storm
National Center for Atmospheric Research-
Thermosphere ionosphere Electrodynamics Global Circulations Model (TIEGCM)
Slide11
Neutral Winds in Quiet and Active Conditions
Quiet
Storm
Thayer
and Killeen,
1993Slide12
Prolss
(1981, 2011)
Thermospheric Composition Response to Geomagnetic Forcing
Thermospheric N2 perturbation
TIEGCMSlide13
Superposed epoch results of solar wind speed, IMF Bz, Dst
, AE and
ap indicies
for 79 CIR events.
Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs)Slide14
March, 2004 CIR EventSlide15
Neutral
Temperature: : TIEGCM SimulationsSlide16
Zonal WindsSlide17
O/N2Slide18
How is the electron density
determined?
Transport:
Electric Fields, Neutral Winds and Ambipolar Diffusion
Composition
:
O/N2 in the F-regionSlide19
F2 Peak DensitiesSlide20
O/N2Slide21
F2 Peak DensitiesSlide22
Summary
1. Earth’s thermosphere and ionosphere system is strongly driven by the energy and momentum input from the
Sun.
2. Thermospheric temperature, winds, and composition show global changes during storm events.
3. During a CIR event of 2004, these changes occur over the entire period of the event and do not recover one day after the event.
4. Ionospheric F-region density changes during this CIR event appear to be mostly related to thermospheric composition variations.Slide23
2004Slide24
Neutral TemperatureSlide25
Zonal WindsSlide26
O/N2Slide27
8 min
hours-16
days
Sun
CME
CIR
Magnetosphere
Thermosphere-Ionosphere: An Externally Driven System
EUV and UV
Radiation
Lower and Middle Atmosphere
Thermosphere-Ionosphere
2
-10
daysSlide28
Leake et al., Ionized Plasma and Neutral Gas Coupling in the Sun’s
Chromosphere and Earth’s Ionosphere/
Thermosphere, Space Sci. Rev., Doi:10.1007/s11214-014-0103-1
, 2014.
Conductivity
Chromosphere
Thermosphere