PPT-Dynamic Coupling of Magnetosphere and Ionosphere/Thermosphere

P Song and J Tu University of Massachusetts Lowell Acknowledgments V M Vasyliūnas Conventional MIT Coupling EJ paradigm New MIT Coupling BV paradigm Physical differences. How to snag that DX!. Michael Smith, N5TGL. Agenda. Purpose. Three Magic words. Understanding . Propagation. Propagation modes. How . solar activity impacts the ionosphere. Learning . the numbers. A and K index, SFI, 304A, . Kiefer. Geol 495/ Hans-Peter Plag. Spring 2011. University of Nevada, Reno. Brief Introduction to Geomagnetic Phenomena: . Relationship to Geodesy and Modern Infrastructure. Properties of lodestone (magnetite) were known to ancient Greeks and Chinese. The . troposphere. is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere. The troposphere starts at Earth's surface and goes up to a height of 7 to 20 km (4 to 12 miles, or 23,000 to 65,000 feet) above sea level. Most of the mass (about 75-80%) of the atmosphere is in the troposphere. Almost all weather occurs within this layer. Air is warmest at the bottom of the troposphere near ground level. Higher up it gets colder. Air pressure and the density of the air are also less at high altitudes. Nearly all of the water vapor and dust particles in the atmosphere are in the troposphere. That is why most clouds are found in this lowest layer, too. The troposphere is heated from below. The warm air, heated by the sun, tends to rise. That keeps the air in the troposphere "stirred up". The top of the troposphere is quite cold. Air also gets 'thinner' as you go higher up. . Jacob Schneider . David . Sibeck. Magnetosphere. Solar wind constantly collides with Earth’s magnetic field creating a cavity. Extends about 15-25 Earth radii in different directions. Protects life on earth from harmful radiation. Response of the Earth’s environment to solar radiative forcing. Ingrid Cnossen. British Antarctic Survey. Outline. Previous lecture. Intro to atmosphere structure and processes. Absorption of solar radiation. Definition of the Atmosphere. . The layer of gases surrounding Earth; composed mainly of 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen, and other gases (water vapor, dust, pollutants, etc.). Brainpop: . Earth’s atmosphere. SUQ. Why is the atmosphere important for humans?. Which gas is the most abundant?. What is the other 1%. ?. Why is each significant?. Co2. Water vapor. Argon. Ozone. What happens to air pressure and temperature as one goes higher in the atmosphere?. magnetosphere. Vitalii. Mazur. Daniil. . Chuiko. ISTP SB RAS. The earth . magnetospere. The main parameters of the medium. Equatorial. . section. Two dimensionally inhomogeneous. w. aveguide model. Albert Ryou. Brian Walsh. Mariner 10, 1974-5. Missions to Mercury. MESSENGER, 2008-present. BepiColombo. , 2018. Objective: What can we learn about the electrons around Mercury from kinetic particle modeling?. Albert Ryou. Brian Walsh. Mariner 10, 1974-5. Missions to Mercury. MESSENGER, 2008-present. BepiColombo. , 2018. Objective: What can we learn about the electrons around Mercury from kinetic particle modeling?. Jacob Schneider . David . Sibeck. Magnetosphere. Solar wind constantly collides with Earth’s magnetic field creating a cavity. Extends about 15-25 Earth radii in different directions. Protects life on earth from harmful radiation. Asynchronous I/O. Navy ESPC (global coupled model). COAMPS (regional coupled model). Radiative transfer model (experimental). [New] NEPTUNE (global atmosphere). [New] NAAPS/aerosol model. Space Science Division . Detection of An Upper Layer. Andrew J. Kopf. February 13, 2007. Presentation Outline. Introduction & Background. Mars Express. Ionospheric Sounding and MARSIS. The Ionogram and Analysis. Results from the main ionospheric layer. Chapter Two. Ionospheric Variations. Introduction. The ionosphere is not a stable medium, this will not allow the use of single radio frequency over the year, or even over 24 hours to setup a successful communication link. .