amp Geography Std amp Seventh Unit The Sun the Earth And the Moon Presented by Sanjay Maroti Mathankar Primary teacher ZP Upper Primary School ID: 288958
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Slide1
Subject
%&
Geography
Std
%&
Seventh
-: Unit :-
The Sun, the Earth And the Moon
-: Presented by :- Sanjay Maroti Mathankar
Primary teacher
Z.P .Upper Primary School, Kanhalgaon
P.S.:-
Gondpipari
Dist:-
ChandrapurSlide2
The Sun, the Earth And the Moon
Std:- seventh Subject :- Geography
Learning Topics
The motions of the moon.
Phases of the moon and time measurement.
Eclipses Solar eclipses
Lunar eclipsesSlide3
The Motions Of the Moon
The moon, while spinning around its own axis, revolves around earth.
Moon’s, Two Types of Motions
Axial Motion
Orbital motion
moon
Earth
As axial and orbital motions of moon are same, one side of moon always remains towards Earth and other side never becomes visible from Earth.Slide4
The moons axial motion is quite slow as compared to that of Earth.
The earth completes its rotation within one day,
The Motions Of the Moon
Whereas moon takes days to complete its rotation.Slide5
Moon revolving around Earth, Earth also rotates around Sun.
Therefore, the moon has to travel more distance to complete one revolution around Earth.
So it takes twenty nine and half days to complete one revolution around Earth.
The Motions Of Moon
Hence during period days, the Earth moves ahead along its orbital path
.Slide6
Phases of the moon and time measurement.
The night when the potion of the moon facing earth is
conpletely
illuminated is called
full moon night (
pournima
).From full moon day, the illuminated portion of the moon starts decreasing day by day, until one of the night when the moon disc totally disappears from the sky is called
new moon night (amawasya)
As a result of the moon’s revolution around the earth in days, the position of the moon keep on changing every day.Slide7
The changing shapes of the moon is called
phases of moon
.
In the period from new moon to full moon the illuminated portion of the moon keeps on increasing. This is called
shukla
paksha.
From full moon towards the new moon, the illuminated portion of the moon decreases progressively. This period is called krishna
paksha. The duration of each of these period is of 15 days. Each
perio is called a fortnight.Two fortnights add up to a month. It is called a lunar month.
Phases of the moon and time measurement.
Slide8
Eclipses
The relative positions of the moon and the earth on the new moon, full moon and the quarter moon days are shown in figure.
Observe the lines joining the earth and the moon as well as those joining the earth and the sun. Note the angles that these lines make at the earth.
On the new moon day , the angle is zero degrees,
Whereas on the full moon day, it is 180 degrees.
On a quarter moon day, two lines perpendicular to each to each other.Slide9
Eclipses
Moon’s orbital plane
Ecliptic plane
Sun
Earth
Moon
The orbital path of
thr
earth around the sun and that of the moon
arouuud
the earth are not in the same plane.
They intersect each other and make an angle of approximately.
As a result, the positions as described above do not occur on each full moon and new moon days,
And hence the eclipses do not occur on each new moon and full moon days.
However, on some new moon or full moon days, the sun, the moon and the earth fall in a straight line. Eclipses occur only on such occasions. Slide10
Solar Eclipses
Observe the above animation carefully.
It shows the shadow of the moon falling on the earth when it comes between the earth and the sun. Such a situation is called
solar eclipse.Slide11
Total Solar Eclipse
When the moon comes between the earth and the son , the earth which comes under the dark shadow or umbra, the sun becomes invisible.
Such a situation is called a
total solar eclipse.
Total Solar Eclipse.Slide12
Partial Solar Eclipse
The Sparse shadow that is penumbra of the moon falling on the earth when it comes between the earth and sun.
From the region of the penumbra, the sun appears to have been partially
coverd
. This is called a
partial solar eclipse. Slide13
Annular Solar Eclipse
At times, When the moon is too far from the earth, that is, in apogee position, the shadow of the moon does not reach the earth and ends up in space itself.
Under such a
situation
, an edge of the sun disc remains visible. It appears like a ring. Hence it is called
annual solar eclipse. Slide14
Lunar Eclipses
On a full moon day, if the sun, the earth and the moon fall in a straight line the orbital path of the moon passes through the shadow of the earth. As a result, the moon becomes invisible fully or part. This situation is called as
lunar eclipse.
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Total Lunar Eclipses
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On a full moon day, if the sun, the earth and the moon fall in a straight line the orbital path of the moon passes through the
umbra
of the earth. As a result, the moon becomes invisible. This situation is called as
Total lunar eclipse.Slide16
Partial
unar
Eclipses
On a full moon day, if the sun, the earth and the moon fall in a straight line the orbital path of the moon passes through
penumbra,
part of
theshadow of
the earth appears on the moon disc. This situation is called as partial lunar eclipse.
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Characteristics of
Solar Eclipse
Solar eclipses occur on new moon day only if the sun, the moon and the earth are in straight line.
Maximum duration of a total solar eclipse is 7 minutes and 20 seconds.Slide18
Characteristics of
Lunar Eclipse
Lunar eclipses occur on full moon day only if the sun, the earth and the moon are in straight line.
Maximum duration of a total lunar eclipse is 107 minutes. Slide19
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The solar or lunar eclipses are just simple astronomical event. There is nothing inauspicious or auspicious about the eclipse.
It is only a result of the sun, moon and the earth falling in to a particular position.
These situation do not
accur
frequently and hence, they arouse some curiosity in the minds of people.Slide20
Exercises
State the difference between total solar eclipse and partial solar eclipse.
Which articles are use to see solar eclipse ?
Draw diagrams and label them – Total and partial eclipse.
What is a phase of moon\
Give the reasons - One side of moon always remains towards Earth and other side never becomes visible from Earth.