PDF-(DOWNLOAD)-Neonatal Bioethics: The Moral Challenges of Medical Innovation

Neonatal intensive care has been one of the most morally controversial areas of medicine during the past thirty years This study examines the interconnected development of four key aspects of neonatal intensive care medical advances ethical analysis legal scrutiny and econometric evaluationThe authors assert that a dramatic shift in societal attitudes toward newborns and their medical care was a stimulus for and then a result of developments in the medical care of newborns They divide their analysis into three eras of neonatal intensive care The first characterized by the rapid advance of medical technology from the late 1960s to the Baby Doe case of 1982 established neonatal care as a legitimate specialty of medical care separate from the rest of pediatrics and medicine During this era legal scholars and moral philosophers debated the relative importance of parental autonomy clinical prognosis and childrens rightsThe second era beginning with the Baby Doe case a legal battle that spurred legislation mandating that infants with debilitating birth defects be treated unless the attending physician deems efforts to prolong life futile stimulated efforts to establish a consistent federal standard on neonatal care decisions and raised important moral questions concerning the meaning of futility and of inhumane treatment In the third era a consistent set of decisionmaking criteria and policies was established These policies were the result of the synergy and harmonization of newly agreed upon ethical principles and newly discovered epidemiological characteristics of neonatal careTracing the fields recent history notable advances and considerable challenges yet to be faced the authors present neonatal bioethics as a paradigm of complex conversation among physicians philosophers policy makers judges and legislators which has led to responsible societal oversight of a controversial medical innovation. How can we make our research count in academia and in practice. Wendy Rogers, CAVE, . Mq. . Uni. Catriona. Mackenzie, CAVE, . Mq. . Uni. Katrina Hutchison, CAVE, . Mq. . Uni. Ainsley Newson, VELIM, . www.. crossbaymedicalinc. .com. Bringing Medical Innovation. to the World. Neonatal Mattress Covers for Incubators . Summary:. Most incubators of the market are delivered with specifically designed mattresses and cotton made covers to give sweet comfort to newborns.. from a rear-view mirror. Global Health Histories Seminar Series. 11 July 2012. Geneva, WHO Headquarters. Zafar Mirza. Department of Public Health, Innovation and Intellectual Property. The Presentation. Programme Director in . Bioethics and Medical Law. St. Mary’s University College . What is ‘Ethics’?. Ethics is ‘the study and justification of conduct’. (Fraenkel 1977) . Morality is . the . Stem cell research. Drug company influence. Abortion. Contraception. Long-term and end-of-life care. Human participants research. Informed consent. The list of ethical issues in science, medicine, and public health is long and continually growing. These complex issues pose a daunting task for professionals in the expanding field of bioethics. But what of the practice of bioethics itself? What issues do ethicists and bioethicists confront in their efforts to facilitate sound moral reasoning and judgment in a variety of venues? Are those immersed in the field capable of making the right decisions? How and why do they face moral challenge—and even compromise—as ethicists? What values should guide them? In The Ethics of Bioethics, Lisa A. Eckenwiler and Felicia G. Cohn tackle these questions head on, bringing together notable medical ethicists and people outside the discipline to discuss common criticisms, the field’s inherent tensions, and efforts to assign values and assess success. Through twenty-five lively essays examining the field’s history and trends, shortcomings and strengths, and the political and policy interplay within the bioethical realm, this comprehensive book begins a much-needed critical and constructive discussion of the moral landscape of bioethics. Stem cell research. Drug company influence. Abortion. Contraception. Long-term and end-of-life care. Human participants research. Informed consent. The list of ethical issues in science, medicine, and public health is long and continually growing. These complex issues pose a daunting task for professionals in the expanding field of bioethics. But what of the practice of bioethics itself? What issues do ethicists and bioethicists confront in their efforts to facilitate sound moral reasoning and judgment in a variety of venues? Are those immersed in the field capable of making the right decisions? How and why do they face moral challenge—and even compromise—as ethicists? What values should guide them? In The Ethics of Bioethics, Lisa A. Eckenwiler and Felicia G. Cohn tackle these questions head on, bringing together notable medical ethicists and people outside the discipline to discuss common criticisms, the field’s inherent tensions, and efforts to assign values and assess success. Through twenty-five lively essays examining the field’s history and trends, shortcomings and strengths, and the political and policy interplay within the bioethical realm, this comprehensive book begins a much-needed critical and constructive discussion of the moral landscape of bioethics. As bioethics has evolved, those traditions whose thinkers had dominated the field in the last 1960s and early 1970s--progressive Catholics and Protestants and Jews--have struggled to be heard, and in some cases have been pushed to the edge of irrelevance. A seemingly neutral political liberalism, with its commitment to the free market and scientific progress, has pervaded the public sphere, creating a deep suspicion of those bringing religious values to bear on questions of public policy. Cahill wants to change that. As a theological ethicist and progressive Catholic she does not want to cede a religious perspective to evangelical Christians and the pro-life movement, nor does she want to submit to the gospel of political liberalism that pushes individual autonomy as holy writ. To this end she advocates a participatory bioethics, that is, a call for progressive religious folk to reclaim the best of their traditions and engage political forces at the community and national level. What\'s the payoff? Cahill is clear: justice in access to health care must be the number one priority. But there is more. A participatory bioethics must go beyond decrying injustice, beyond a prophetic stance against commercialization, beyond painting a vision of a more egalitarian future. Participatory bioethics must also account for and take part in a global social network of mobilization for change. Participatory bioethics must seek out those in solidarity, those in common calling, who are working to create a more just social and political and economic system. This is a mature, sophisticated, and highly ambitious work that could change the fields of bioethics and theological ethics. This collection features comprehensive overviews of the various ethical challenges in organ transplantation. International readings well-grounded in the latest developments in the life sciences are organized into systematic sections and engage with one another, offering complementary views. All core issues in the global ethical debate are covered: donating and procuring organs, allocating and receiving organs, as well as considering alternatives. Due to its systematic structure, the volume provides an excellent orientation for researchers, students, and practitioners alike to enable a deeper understanding of some of the most controversial issues in modern medicine. Modern scientific and medical advances bring new complexity and urgency to ethical issues in health care and biomedical research. This book applies the American philosophical theory of pragmatism to such bioethics. Critics of pragmatism argue that it lacks a universal moral foundation. Yet it is this very lack of a metaphysical dividing line between facts and values that makes pragmatism such a rigorous and appropriate method for solving problems in bioethics. For pragmatism, ethics is a way of satisfying the complex demands of multiple individuals and groups in a contingent and changing world. Pragmatism also demands careful attention to the ways in which scientific advances change our values and ethics. The essays in this book present different approaches to pragmatism and different ways of applying pragmatism to scientific and medical matters. They use pragmatism to guide thinking about such timely topics as stem cell research, human cloning, genetic testing, human enhancement, and care for the poor and aging. This new edition contains three new chapters, on difficulties with applying pragmatism to law and bioethics, on helping people to die, and on embryonic stem cell research. In recent years, bioethicists have worked on government commissions, on ethics committees in hospitals and nursing homes, and as bedside consultants. Because ethical knowledge is based on experience within the field rather than on universal theoretical propositions, it is open to criticism for its lack of theoretical foundation. Once in the clinic, however, ethicists noted the extent to which medical practice itself combined the certitudes of science with craft forms of knowledge. In an effort to forge a middle path between pure science and applied medical and ethical knowledge, bioethicists turned to the work of classical philosophy, especially the theme of a practical wisdom that entails a variable knowledge of particulars. In this book contemporary bioethicists and scholars of ancient philosophy explore the import of classical ethics on such pressing bioethical concerns as managed care, euthanasia, suicide, and abortion. Although the contributors write within the limits of their own disciplines, through cross references and counterarguments they engage in fruitful dialogue. NOTE: NO FURTHER DISCOUNT FOR THIS PRINT PRODUCT--OVERSTOCK SALE -- Significantly reduced list price while supplies lastContains a collection of essays exploring human dignity and bioethics, a concept crucial to today\'s discourse in law and ethics in general and in bioethics in particular. This publication gives some examples of how human dignity can be a difficult concept to apply in bioethical controversies, explores some of the complex roots of the modern notion of human dignity, in order to shed light on why its application to bioethics is so problematic, and suggests, tentatively, that a certain conception of human dignity—dignity understood as humanity— has an important role to play in bioethics, both now and especially in the future. Related products:Ethics and Code of Conduct resources collection can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/law...   The questions of whether there is a shared nature common to all human beings and, if so, what essential qualities define this nature are among the most widely discussed topics in the history of philosophy and remain the subject of perennial interest and controversy. This book offers a metaphysical investigation of the composition of the human essence-that is, with what is a human being identical or what types of parts are necessary for a human being to exist: an immaterial mind, a physical body, a functioning brain, a soul? It also considers the criterion of identity for a human being across time and change-that is, what is required for a human being to continue existing as a person despite undergoing physical and psychological changes over time? Jason Eberl\'s investigation presents and defends a theoretical perspective from the thirteenth-century philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas. Advancing beyond descriptive historical analysis, this book places Aquinas\'s account of human nature into direct comparison with several prominent contemporary theories: substance dualism, emergentism, animalism, constitutionalism, four-dimensionalism, and embodied mind theory. There are practical implications of exploring these theories as they inform various conclusions regarding when human beings first come into existence-at conception, during gestation, or after birth-and how we ought to define death for human beings. Finally, each of these viewpoints offers a distinctive rationale as to whether, and if so how, human beings may survive death. This book\'s central argument is that the Thomistic account of human nature includes several desirable features that other theories lack and offers a cohesive portrait of one\'s continued existence from conception through life to death and beyond. This collection features comprehensive overviews of the various ethical challenges in organ transplantation. International readings well-grounded in the latest developments in the life sciences are organized into systematic sections and engage with one another, offering complementary views. All core issues in the global ethical debate are covered: donating and procuring organs, allocating and receiving organs, as well as considering alternatives. Due to its systematic structure, the volume provides an excellent orientation for researchers, students, and practitioners alike to enable a deeper understanding of some of the most controversial issues in modern medicine. 23 Global Bioethics Enquiry 201 9 ; 7 ( 1 ) Original Research Paper Impact of B ioethics E ducation on A ttitude and B eliefs regarding H omosexuality: A P ilot S tudy with M edical G raduat