Instrumentation and Information Displays Instrument Panels Dashboard is called the instrument panel Consists of gauges switches and controls Analog An indicator moves in front of a fixed scale to indicate a condition ID: 408608
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Chapter 21" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Chapter 21
Instrumentation and Information DisplaysSlide2
Instrument Panels
Dashboard is called the instrument panel
Consists of gauges, switches, and controlsSlide3
AnalogAn indicator moves in front of a fixed scale to indicate a condition
Digital
Uses numbers or graphic symbols instead of a moving needle
Types of DisplaysSlide4
Analog DisplaySlide5
Digital DisplaySlide6
Heads-Up Displays
Projects information on the windshield in front of the driver
Reduces the necessity to look away from the roadSlide7
Light-Emitting Diodes (LED)
Use special diodes that light when energized
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD)
Must have an external light source
Types of Digital DisplaysSlide8
An LCD DisplaySlide9
Provide scaled information
Require voltage regulators and sending units
Instrument voltage regulators (IVRs) stabilize and limit voltage to gauges
Gauge input is from a sending unit
Instrument GaugesSlide10
Instrument Voltage RegulatorSlide11
Air Core Gauge
Most common type in modern vehicles
Needle movement controlled by a sending unitSlide12
Quartz Analog Gauge
Driven by a stepper motor
The motor position is known by the number of steps commanded
Commonly used in GM speedometersSlide13
Magnetic Gauges
Magnet attracts ferrous needle
Armature field opposes PM
Attractive or repulsive forces move needleSlide14
Two Coil (Balancing Coil) Gauge
Uses the interaction of two electromagnets and the total field effect on an armature to cause needle movement
Instrument Gauges (Cont.)Slide15
Balancing Coil GaugeSlide16
Bimetallic Gauges
Are sometimes called thermoelectric gauges
Use two dissimilar metals to transform the heating effect of electricity into mechanical movement
Some use an instrument voltage regulator (IVR) to provide a constant voltage to the gauge
Instrument Gauges (Cont.)Slide17
Prove-Out Display
Used to test indicator lights and gaugesSlide18
Knowledge Check
Which type of gauge may be controlled by a module and a stepper motor?Slide19
Speedometer
Odometer
Oil pressure gauge
Coolant temperature gaugeFuel level gaugeTachometer
Charging gauges
Basic Information GaugesSlide20
Speedometer
Older vehicles used a drive cable
Vehicles may use a transmission mounted vehicle speed sensor (VSS)
Some vehicles use ABS wheel speed sensor data
The VSS sends pulses to speedometer head
VSS information also used by cruise control, ride control, and engine control modulesSlide21
Odometer
A mechanical odometer may be driven off speedometer shaft or by a small motor
Electronic odometers receive VSS input
Mileage data is stored non-volatile ROM
Replacement odometers must represent correct mileageSlide22
Odometer
Electronic odometers receive VSS input
Mileage data is stored non-volatile ROMSlide23
Oil Pressure Gauge
Typical oil pressure between 45 and 70 psi
If low pressure or engine off, no current flows through gauge winding
A piezoresistive sensor controls current flow through the gaugeSlide24Slide25
Coolant Temperature Gauge
Sending unit is usually a NTC thermistor
Low coolant temperature equals high sender resistance
High resistance equals low current flowSlide26
Fuel Level Gauge
Uses a variable resistor
Low fuel level equals low resistanceSlide27
Tachometer
Pulses to the tach usually come from ignition module or PCM
Uses a balanced coil gauge
Increased engine RPM increases the pulses to the gaugeSlide28
Charging Gauges
Most vehicles use a volt gauge or indicator light
Older vehicles may have an ammeter
Indicator lamp will light when charging system voltage is less than battery voltageSlide29
Knowledge Check
Technician A says when a NTC thermistor is cold, its resistance is low. Technician B says when a NTC thermistor is hot, its resistance is low. Who is correct?Slide30
Indicator and Warning Lights
Inform the driver of something that is normally off is now on
May inform the driver something that is normally on is now off
Rear defroster grid indicator lights when on
ABS and/or traction control light means the system is offSlide31
Indicator LightsSlide32
Fasten Seal Belt Indicator
Illuminates if driver’s seat belt is not buckled
Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM)
May light yellow or red depending on pressureBrake Warning Light
Indicates parking brake is engaged, there is low brake fluid, or a problem with the brake system
Indicator and Warning Lights (Cont.)Slide33
TPMS Warning LightsSlide34
Antilock Light
Indicates an ABS fault
Brake Pad Indicator
Brake sensors sense thin brake pad liningStop Light Warning LightIlluminates if a brake light is inoperative
Indicator and Warning Lights (Cont.)Slide35
Pad Wear Warning LightSlide36
Traction/Stability Control Lamp
Indicates a problem in the traction and/or stability control system
Check Engine Light
On late model vehicles this indicates an emissions system related fault has occurred
Indicator and Warning Lights (Cont.)Slide37
MIL and TC Warning LightsSlide38
Oil Pressure Light
May be red or yellow depending on oil pressure
Charge Indicator Light
If charging system voltage is below battery voltage this light will illuminateCheck Filler Cap
Check and tighten fuel filler cap
Indicator and Warning Lights (Cont.)Slide39
Low Fuel Warning
Indicates fuel level is below one quarter full
Add Coolant Lamp
Illuminates if coolant level is low Maintenance ReminderMileage triggered light to have vehicle inspected and serviced
Indicator and Warning Lights (Cont.)Slide40
Maintenance LightSlide41
Transmission Indicator
Indicates a transmission fault and may place transmission in limp-in/fail-safe mode
Drive Indicator
Used on some 4WD vehiclesO/D Off Indicator
Rear Defrost Indicator
Indicator and Warning Lights (Cont.)Slide42
High-Beam Indicator
Left and Right Turn Indicators
Fog Light Indicator
Lamp-out WarningCruise Control Light
Indicator and Warning Lights (Cont.)Slide43
Air Suspension Light
Illuminates if a fault is present in the air suspension control system
Door Ajar Warning
Washer Fluid Lamp
Indicator and Warning Lights (Cont.)Slide44
Sound Warning Devices
Used to remind drivers of certain vehicle conditions
Fasten seat belts
Air bag operational
Key left in ignition
Door ajar
Lights left onSlide45
Park Distance Control (PDC)
Sensors measure distance from the front and/or rear of vehicle to an object
An audible signal increases in frequency as the vehicle gets closer to the object
Uses ultrasonic sensors
May include a visual indicatorSlide46
PDC SensorsSlide47
Driver Information Centers
Various gauges, warning lights, and controls may be grouped together
May also provide fuel range, economy, and usage details
Can show average vehicle speeds, oil life index, and various engine-operating parametersSlide48
Driver Information CenterSlide49
Knowledge Check
Technician A says a driver warning may be a yellow or red light on the dash. Technician B says a driver warning may be an audible warning. Who is correct?Slide50
Hybrid Vehicles
Honda
Displays status of hybrid system, fuel economy, battery status, and charge/assistSlide51
Hybrid Vehicles
Toyota
Pressure sensitive touch screen
Energy monitor displaySlide52Slide53
Hybrid Vehicles (Cont.)
Ready light
Output control warning light
HV battery warning lightHybrid system warning light
Malfunction indicator light
Discharge warning lightSlide54
Ready LightSlide55
FusesIndicator bulbs
Detector switches (indicator systems)
Sender units (gauge systems)
IVR (gauge systems)Gauges (gauge systems)
General Diagnosis and TestingSlide56
Poor mating of connector halvesBacked out terminals
Wire chafing
Connector body damage
Dirty or corroded terminalsPoor wire-to-terminal connections
Intermittent Problem Causes