Chapter Three: Racial Ideologies from the 1920s to the Present - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Chapter Three: Racial Ideologies from the 1920s to the Present

By Tanya Maria Golash-Boza

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People in the United States do not usually think deeply about how whiteness is an idea that shapes many things and also can shift among categories of peopleOne area where whiteness has been important is in immigration and citizenship, as people labeled as white were provided many privileges in terms of immigration and citizenship.

Pertinent Ideas from Chapter Two Slide3

Racial ideologies keep the idea of race alive.

The idea of systemic racism means that racism has always been present in the United States since its formation and that major institutions and their policies continue to reproduce racist actions through ideologies and their everyday routines.

To understand racial ideologies, we must define race, racism, and ideology.

Racial IdeologiesSlide4

“1) that the people of the world can be divided into distinct groups, based on their appearance and genetic characteristics, and (2) that these groups share moral and cultural attributes.”

(p. 66)

Definition of Race

Using Two AspectsSlide5

“Racism encompasses both racial prejudice, the belief that people belong to distinct races and that these racial groups have innate hierarchical differences that can be measured and judged; and racial

discrimination

, the practice of treating people differently on the basis of their race.” (p.66)

Racism: Slide6

Ideologies are a group of ideas on a topic of social importance held in common by a group of people rather than just a simple belief of an individual.

Definition of ideology Slide7

Has twin components:

Asserts that racial groups exist.

Openly and in hidden ways constructs justifications for why and how one racial group deserves to benefit over all others.

Racial IdeologySlide8

1. Shooting of Trayvon Martin

2.Deportation of Mexican Americans

3

. Japanese Internment

4

. Tuskegee Syphilis experiment

Racial Ideologies at work in four historical examplesSlide9

During World War

II, Japanese

families, such

as the

Mochida family,

were ordered

to evacuate

their homes

and were placed in

internment camps.

p. 71: Copyright

Bettmann

/Corbis/AP

Images Slide10

During the

Tuskegee syphilis experiment, black

men were

diagnosed with

syphilis yet were

neither treated for it

nor told

they had it.

p. 73: Courtesy of the National Archives at

AtlantaSlide11

Ideologies change across time, beginning in the colonial period and moving into the present. Scholars categorize these changes of racial ideologies as biological racism, cultural racism, and color-blind racism.

Attributes of Racial IdeologiesSlide12

This belief system asserts and acts upon the idea that whites are superior based on their better genetic makeup.

The Racial Ideology of Biological Racism Slide13

This ideology asserts that whites are superior because they practice better cultural habits as a group.

The Racial Ideology of Cultural Racism Slide14

The

Culture of Poverty

A set of values that emphasizes living for

the moment rather than thrift, investment

in the future, or hard work.Slide15

Lewis gave some seventy characteristics (1966) that indicated the

presence of the culture of poverty:

The people in the culture of poverty have a strong feeling of marginality, of

helplessness, of dependency, of not belonging. They are like aliens in their own

country, convinced that the existing institutions do not serve their interests and

needs. Along with this feeling of powerlessness is a widespread feeling of inferiority,

of personal unworthiness. This is true of the slum dwellers of Mexico City, who do

not constitute a distinct ethnic or racial group and do not suffer from racial

discrimination. In the United States the culture of poverty of the Negroes has the

additional disadvantage of racial discrimination. People with a culture of poverty

have very little sense of history. They are a marginal people who know only their own

troubles, their own local conditions, their own neighborhood, their own way of life.

Usually, they have neither the knowledge, the vision nor the ideology to see the

similarities between their problems and those of others like themselves elsewhere in

the world. In other words, they are not class consciousness, although they are very

sensitive indeed to status distinctions. When the poor become class conscious or

members of trade union organizations, or when they adopt an internationalist outlook

on the world they are, in my view, no longer part of the culture of poverty although

they may still be desperately poor.

Lewis, Oscar (1966). "The Culture of Poverty", cited by G.

Gmelch

and W.

Zenner

, eds. in

Urban Life

, Waveland Press (1996).

The Culture of Poverty Slide16

This argues that all people should be treated the same despite the color of their skin.

Color-blind UniversalismSlide17

This ideology draws on a few strategies that work through rhetoric:Minimization of racism

—

a racist deed is explained away using a different explanation than racist intent.

Naturalization

—

an act of racism that is explained as just the way it is or with the idea that there will always be inequality.

Abstract Liberalism

—

using freedom of the individual to excuse inequality with the explanation that people choose to be in the situations that they are in

Cultural Racism

—

blaming victims of racism for their own situation because of the habits of living they are characterized with

The Racial Ideology of Color-blind Racism Slide18

Hidden racism rather than outright discrimination can be one way that racism continues. “[A] racial ideology that upholds the superiority of whites and ensures that whites have access to the best resources persists.”

(p. 89)

Hidden Racism Slide19

The election of

Barack Obama

, the son of

a Kenyan

immigrant, to

the presidency

was a

historic moment

.

p. 86: White House

Photo

The New Politics of RaceSlide20

Racism and how it manifests utilizes old forms and takes new forms.

Some forms of racism include:

Biological Racism

Cultural Racism

Color-Blind Universalism

Color-Blind Racism

-What are situations in which you see these form of racism at work?

Conclusion