Warm-Up: Tuesday - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Warm-Up: Tuesday

5/26/15 & Wednesday 5/27/15

1) Name two facts about the fallopian tubes.

2) Describe how the female reproductive system is designed to carry a baby.Slide2

Warm-Up: Tuesday 5/26/15

& Wednesday 5/27/15 Answer

i

. Ovum travels from ovary to uterus.

ii. Where fertilization takes place.

2)

i

. The uterine lining thickens to prepare for implantation of fertilized ovum (egg).

ii. The uterus expands to accommodate growing baby. Iii. The cervix dilates to expel baby at childbirth.Slide3

Menstruation & PregnancySlide4

1. MenstruationSlide5

Menstruation

(Period)

:

The monthly shedding of the uterine lining (or bleeding) through the cervix and out of the vagina

Menstrual Cycle:

Regular monthly menstruations (periods) that on average last 28 days (21-35 days is normal for

adult women)(In the U.S.) Girls start menstruating on average at age 12 (between 8 and 15 is normal)Women stop menstruating, menopause, on average at age 50 (during 40s-50s is normal)It is normal for girls and pre-menopausal women to have irregular length menstrual cyclesSlide6

Day 1:

The menstrual cycle starts with menstruation (bleeding).

On average, this lasts 3-5 days (2-7 days is normal).

Uterine contractions help shed lining (cramping).

~ Day 7:

The uterine lining builds back up again, growing new cells and capillaries to supply blood/nutrients. The uterine lining can start building back up before all the shed lining has completely exited the vagina.

~ Day 14:

The mature ovum (egg) is released from the ovary and begins traveling down the fallopian tube, ovulation. (between day 7-22 is normal)

During the ~5 days of ovulation is when women are fertile, or able to get pregnant.

~ Day 21:

Uterine lining continues to thicken. Ovum moves down the fallopian tube. If unfertilized, the ovum breaks down. Slide7

Day 1 Day 7 Day 14 Day 21 Day 28Slide8

Uterus prepares for fertilized ovum to be implanted in the uterus by thickening the uterine lining.

The inner lining of the uterus grows new cells.

The inner tissue of the uterus grows news capillary branches to supply blood (oxygen, nutrients) to the new cells AND the fertilized ovum until the placenta forms.

When the uterine lining is shed, the cells of the uterine lining and the capillaries are broken off.

Any residual blood in the capillaries is shed with the uterine lining during menstruation.Slide9

Pre-Menstrual Syndrome (PMS):

Occurs the week

before

menstruation and may continue the first few days of menstruation

Pain in the abdominal

or pelvic

area (cramping)Pain in the lower backHeadaches, body achesPhysically sore or tender, including the breastsFatigue, tirednessBloating, water weight gain

Nausea, diarrhea, constipation, dizziness

Acne

Food

cravings

Mood

swings, irritability, anger, depressionSlide10

2. PregnancySlide11

Human – 9 months

Rhinoceros – 17 months

Red Squirrel – 1+ months

Black Bear – 7 months

Baleen Whale – 11 months

Porcupine – 7 months

Elephant – 20-22 months

Giraffe – 15 monthsSlide12

Fertilization:

When a sperm cell joins with an ovum (egg) cell. Forms a zygote.

Pregnancy:

The time between fertilization and childbirth.

**In

medicine, the first two weeks of “pregnancy” are the first two weeks of the menstrual cycleSlide13

Millions of sperm are released into the vagina

Only a few hundred make it to the fallopian tubes

A single sperm fertilizes the eggSlide14

The fertilized ovum (zygote) grows from 1 cell to 16 cells in 3 days

It travels down the fallopian tube as it grows

It takes a week to implant in the uterine lining

The cervix is sealed with mucus until childbirthSlide15
Slide16

Week 1 – 4: Ball of cells

Week 5-8: Tadpole

Week 9-12: Fingers, toes, organs systems

Week 13-16: Hair, nails, ears

Week 17-20: Bones, sensory nerves

Week 21-24: Non-see-through skin, ova (female)

Week 25-28: Eyes, brain

Week 29-32: Muscles

Week 33-36: Gums, organs, testes (male)

Week 37-40: LungsSlide17

As the baby develops into a viable human by developing its body and organs, it also increases in size throughout the pregnancy

It starts to resemble a human at 3 monthsSlide18

Pregnancy is separated into three “trimesters” of development

The baby turns upside down in the third trimester in preparation for birthSlide19

Childbirth: Muscular contractions begin to dilate the cervix.

The mucus plug is expelled. The placenta breaks.

Contractions and conscious pushing by the mother expels the baby through the vaginal canal.Slide20

Types of

B

irth Control

Abstinence:

No sexual contact (100%)

Sexual: Non-vaginal Sex: Sexual contact, ejaculate, pre-ejaculate near the outside of the vulva (LESS THAN 100%) Pull-Out Method: Vaginal sex & withdrawal before ejaculation (96%) Chemical: Hormonal:

pills, patches, injections, ring (99%)

Morning-After pill (89%)

Spermicides: foam, jelly, cream, gel, etc (85%)

Physical & Chemical:

Physically block cervix & Use of spermicide:

Cervical cap, sponge, diaphragm plus spermicide (86-91%)

Physical:

Condom, female condom (95-98%)

All forms of birth control become much less effective if used incorrectlySlide21

HIV/AIDS & STD/STIs

Sexually Transmitted DiseasesSlide22

Sexually Transmitted Diseases:

1 out of every 4 sexually active teens

has

an STD

Half (50%) of all STDs are among young people 15-24

15% of sexually active teens had sex with 4+ people41% of sexually active teens did not use a condom at least once

2% of teens have injected drugs with a needle

10,000 young people 13-24 got HIV last yearSlide23

Types of Sex:

Abstinence:

No sexual contact

Masturbation:

Sexual contact with oneself (no partner)

Digital: Sexual contact between genitals and fingers/hands Oral: Sexual contact between genitals and mouthVaginal: Sexual contact between vagina and penis (or object)Anal: Sexual contact between anus/rectum and penis (or object)Slide24

STD Lab:

First:

Carefully carry your cup upright without spilling: watch where you walk

Meet one person to exchange fluid with: pour your fluid back and forth between cups

Sit Down: go back to your seat and sit down with your cup once you have

exchanged fluid with ONE partner

Second:Move around the room to find a new partner: do NOT stay in the same place; walk around and find someone else somewhere else