What evidence of European culture can be seen here in Mexic - PowerPoint Presentation

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What evidence of European culture can be seen here in Mexico?Slide2

Reasons for the Age of Exploration

Europe was getting crowded

in some cities, and certain groups during the Reformation like the French Calvinists the Huguenots began looking for safety in

religious freedom.

Other groups wanted to

spread Christianity

outside of Europe.

The

new thinking

by many during the Renaissance, combined with

new nautical and navigational inventions

was a recipe for

adventure

… Slide3

God, Gold, and GlorySlide4

We can’t forget the Vikings, though. In about the year AD 1000, the Vikings from Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, and Finland) explored Northern Europe and then reached all the way to North America

. Slide5

Why was religious freedom a cause for people to leave the Old World?Slide6

In 1572, nearly 8, 000 Huguenots were killed during a wedding of Henry of Navarre to Catherine de Medici’s Catholic daughter Marguerite de Valois. It was Catherine that ordered the massacre. Slide7

St. Bartholomew Day MassacreSlide8

Catherine de Medici herself went to visit the carnage the next day.Slide9

Other reasons for exploration?Slide10

During and after the Renaissance, many people in Europe began to want to know more about the world they lived in. While new discoveries were being made in science, courageous explorers discovered new lands over the oceans for possibly the first time.

Put a compass and an astrolabe in the latest, fastest, most maneuverable ship, supply yourself with the latest and best maps available, find a man with nothing to lose or everything to gain and tell him he will be rich beyond reason, and that it all has God’s approval as you spread Christianity, and what else could you expect…?Slide11

Portuguese ExplorersSlide12

The Discoveries Monument (or Monument to the Discoveries) was built in 1960 to celebrate the 500th anniversary of the death of

Prince Henry the Navigator

, who sponsored many of the Portuguese explorers of the 16th century. The Discoveries Monument has statues of all the great Portuguese explorers such as

Vasco de Gama

and

Magellan

. The monument also has a map that chronicles

Portugal's

empire building around the world.

Tagus River in Lisbon, Portugal

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Prince Henry the Navigator

Portuguese sailor, lived 1394 - 1460

father was King John I of Portugal

member of the Order of Christ, formerly the Knights Templar

is credited with developing the caravel, a faster, more maneuverable ship (Niña and Pinta were caravels)wanted to spread Christianity, get spices, and find the legendary Christian city of Prestor Johnafter defeating the Muslims of Morocco, Africa, Henry wanted to explore moreHenry did not travel on these voyages. He only paid for and encouraged them.

When Henry took control of the African port of Cueta, Portugal ruled the passage to the Mediterranean.

Morocco, AfricaSlide14

All the famous explorers of the time used the caravel. It could hold about 20 men, but were usually less than 100 feet long.Slide15

1434 - Henry’s expedition’s were the first to go into “The Sea of Darkness” and pass Cape Bojador in 1434. It took 15 attempts and as many years. Eventually his voyagers made it all the way to the equator on his dime.

1445 - Cape VerdeSlide16

Bartolomeu Diaz - Portuguese (ca.1450 – 1500)

Dias “unknowingly rounded the African continent in a storm and made landfall at what is now Mossel Bay. On his return voyage he discovered what he called the Cape of Storms (Cabo Tormentoso), later re-named the Cape of Good Hope.” (Infoplease.com)

… so? What do you need to grasp?

In 1488 Bartolomeu Diaz was the first to sail around the tip of Africa and reach the Indian Ocean.

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“…Although Dias did not find any sign of an African Christian, his voyage established a sea route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Indian Ocean and Asia. In 1497 Dias accompanied Vasco da Gama on a voyage as far as the Cape Verde Islands, and in 1500 he joined

Pedro Alvares Cabral's westward expedition. Dias sailed near South America on the way to Africa, and spotted land at Espírito Santo in Brazil, calling it the "Land of the True Cross." Dias's ship went down in a storm and he perished at sea sometime in late May (

Cabral went on to make landfall in Brazil

)… – Infoplease.com and enchantedlearning.com

… so? What’s the meat and potatoes?

Dias was also one of the first

Europeans to see Brazil and South AmericaSlide18

The

Cape of Good Hope

is often thought to be the southernmost tip of the African continent. It is not. That title belongs to Cape Agulhas.

(GoogleEarth for location of CGH)Slide19

Time Out for

Know Your

Huguenots!

Did you know?

… a community of French Huguenots had been seeking religious freedom in the Netherlands? In 1687 they arrived at the Cape of Good Hope

, courtesy of the

Dutch

government for their skilled labor abilities.

There is still a Dutch influence there today…Slide20

1497 Vasco da Gama used Diaz’s discovery and 10 years later swung his ships wide out into the Atlantic before whipping around the southern tip of Africa and landing along the eastern African coast and finally India in 1498

Europe an Voyages of Exploration: Asia:Vasco da Gama/Dias

Vasco da Gama was the first to reach India from Europe by seaSlide21

DaGama’s RouteSlide22

Ferdinand Magellan

Portuguese explorer who was the captain of the first voyage to sail completely around (circumnavigate) the world in 1519-1522Slide23

Magellan was also the person who gave the Pacific Ocean its name due to its calm waters.

“Pacifico” means peaceful.

In South America, the Strait of Magellan is named after him since he was the first to sail through it.Slide24

Columbus and MagellanSlide25

Treaty of

Tordesillas

- 1494

Which country in South America still speaks Portuguese today thanks to this treaty and line of demarcation?

The Spanish Pope, Alexander VI, gave preference to Spain when he agreed to the Treaty of Tordesillas.

Hint: They are known for having the best team in the world.Slide26

Also exchanged between the Old World and the New World was the transfer of slaves.

Crossing the Atlantic Ocean from Africa to the Americas took about a month. Many of the slaves sadly did not survive the journey. The crossing of the Atlantic was called the

Middle Passage

.Slide27

Triangular tradeSlide28
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Assessment Review #1