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Verbals Gerund Participle Verbals Gerund Participle

Verbals Gerund Participle - PowerPoint Presentation

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Verbals Gerund Participle - PPT Presentation

Infinitive Verbal Phrase A phrase that is centered around a verb form This verb form is NOT used as a verb in the sentence It is used as a noun adjective or adverb ID: 809635

phrase gerund swimming verb gerund phrase verb swimming noun phrases participial mile fell find subject tive goal answers fini

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1

Verbals

Gerund

Participle

Infinitive

Slide2

Verbal Phrase =

A phrase that is centered around a

verb form.

This verb form is NOT used as a verb in the sentence

It is used as a

noun, adjective

or

adverb.There are 3 kinds of

verbals or verbal phrases:

GERUND

PARTICIPLE

IN

FINI

TIVE

Slide3

Gerund

- ing

NOUN

What?

Slide4

Gerund / Gerund Phrase

…centers around a verb form ending in

-ING…is always used as a noun

…is never surrounded by commas (except for appositives

)Caution! -ING verb forms can also be

verbs or adjectives (These are NOT

gerunds.)…can be used in each of the 6 noun positions

Slide5

Positions of Gerunds(nouns)SubjectDirect objects

Indirect objectsAppositives

Objects of the prepositionPredicate nouns

Slide6

Not all -ING

words are

Gerunds:

morningeveningsomethingnothing

anythingeverythingShe is driving to school today.

Slide7

Gerund / Gerund Phrase

EXAMPLES:

Swimming the mile is my best event.I like swimming the mile.My best event is swimming the mile.

I gave swimming the mile a try.He lectured us about swimming the mile.My best event, swimming the mile, was canceled.

Slide8

Gerund / Gerund Phrase

ANSWERS:

Swimming the mile is my best event. (Subject)

I like swimming the mile. (DO)My best event is swimming the mile

. (PN)I gave swimming the mile a try. (

IO)He lectured us about swimming the mile. (OP)

My best event, swimming the mile, was canceled. (APP)

Slide9

Gerund / Gerund Phrase

EXAMPLES:

His sister was dancing in the show.I hate practicing the piano.

I gave my mom’s cooking a perfect 10.Sitting by the pool is quite relaxing.Wishing upon a star, Sue imagined a better life.

While I was walking on the beach, I found a sand dollar.

Slide10

Gerund / Gerund Phrase

ANSWERS:

His sister was dancing in the show.

(not a gerund, verb phrase)

I hate practicing the piano. (DO)

I gave my mom’s cooking a perfect 10. (IO)

Sitting by the pool is quite relaxing. (S)Wishing upon a star, Sue imagined a better life.

(not a gerund, participial phrase)

While I was walking on the beach, I found a sand dollar.(not a gerund,

clause

)

Slide11

Gerund / Gerund Phrase

EXAMPLES:

Becoming a doctor takes years of serious study.Kino’s specialty is cooking mushrooms.

The subtle squeaking of the door hinges told Mira that her sister was home.Carla decided on writing about famous women in history.

Mr. Riley enjoys the crackling of a campfire on a winter’s evening.

Slide12

Gerund / Gerund Phrase

ANSWERS:

Becoming a doctor takes years of serious study. (S)

Kino’s specialty is cooking mushrooms. (PN

)The subtle squeaking of the door hinges told Mira that her sister was home. (S

)Carla decided on writing about famous women in history. (

OP)Mr. Riley enjoys the crackling of a campfire on a winter’s evening.

(DO)

Slide13

Gerund / Gerund Phrase

EXAMPLES:

Traveling to new and interesting places is fun.The smiling child amused his parents.

Give playing golf another chance.Pam is studying for her French exam.Holding onto the kite, Jeremy received a cut.

Slide14

Gerund / Gerund Phrase

ANSWERS:

Traveling to new and interesting places is fun. (S)

The smiling child amused his parents. (not a gerund,

participle)Give playing golf another chance. (IO)

Pam is studying for her French exam. (

not a gerund, verb phrase)Holding onto the kite, Jeremy received a cut.

(not a gerund, participial phrase)

Slide15

Gerund / Gerund Phrase

patterns

to look for…

Subject

+

verb

Subject +

linking verb

+

PN

Subject +

action verb

+

DO

Subject +

action verb

(usu.

give

)

+

IO

DO

Preposition

+

OP

S,

Appositive

,

verb…

(Other combinations are possible for this one.)

Slide16

Participle

-ing

-d

-ed

-n-en-nt

ADJECTIVE

What kind?

Which one?

Slide17

Participles…

are

verb forms that act like

adjectives.

can end in –ing, -d, -

ed, -n, -en, nt

will come as close as they can to the noun they modify

can come BEFORE or

AFTER the noun it modifies

Slide18

Participles

Examples:

The

frowning clown fell down. (article

/ adj./noun)

The clown, frowning at the crowd, fell down.

Frowning at the crowd, the clown fell down.

Slide19

Participial Phrases…

may fall at the

beginning of the sentence.

If so, it will be separated from the sentencewith a

commaExample

:Bent by the wind

, the tree finally fell over.

Slide20

Find the participles:

The fallen tree blocked the road.

Mary had to replace the soiled carpet.

Mike’s goal was hiking the Rockies.The running water eroded the soil.We finally got our own swimming pool.

Eating jalapeno peppers can be painful.

Slide21

Find the participles (Answers)

The

fallen

tree blocked the road.Mary had to replace the soiled

carpet.Mike’s goal was hiking the Rockies.

(gerund)The running water eroded the soil.

We finally got our own swimming pool.

Eating jalapeno peppers can be painful. (gerund)

Slide22

Find the participial phrases:

Running quickly, the puppy caught up with the family.

Seeing my family made me feel safe.

Bending in the wind, the tree finally fell.The wind, whipping through the valley, did extensive damage.

I saw my uncle waiting for me.

Slide23

Find the participial phrases

(Answers)

Running quickly

, the puppy caught up with the family.Seeing my family made me feel safe. (gerund)

Bending in the wind, the tree finally fell.The wind,

whipping through the valley, did extensive damage.I saw my uncle

waiting for me.

Slide24

Find the participial phrases:

Granny’s goal, quilting a huge quilt, will have to wait until spring.

Martha’s hobby is sewing for the family.

Sitting by the dock, Bob felt lonely.

The boy sitting by the bay was my cousin.Not watching his steps, the toddler fell down.

Slide25

Find the participial phrases

(Answers)

Granny’s goal,

quilting a huge quilt, will have to wait until spring. (gerund / appositive)

Martha’s hobby is sewing for the family. (gerund)

Sitting by the dock, Bob felt lonely.

The boy sitting by the bay was my cousin.

Not watching his steps, the toddler fell down.

Slide26

Participle / Participial Phrase

patterns

to look for…

participial phrase

,

Subject

+

verb

Subject

,

participial phrase

,

verb

Subject

+

verb

+

DO

participial phrase

Preposition

+

OP

participial phrase

Article

participle

Noun

Slide27

In

fini

tive

to +

verb

NOUN /

ADJECTIVE

/ ADVERB

What?

(NOUN)

Which one?

(ADJ.)

What kind?

(ADJ.)

Why?

(ADV.)

Slide28

Infini

tive

RULES:

Center around TO + verbVerb is “naked” – No endings (-

ing, -ed, etc.)Examples: to go, to sit, to talk, etc.

Can be used as noun, adj. or adv

.Caution! Do not confuse with

prepositional phrases using “to”(to school, to me

, to us, to them, to lunch, etc.)

Slide29

Find the In

fini

tives

I wanted to go to the mall today.My mom went to bed early.Your cat ate too much food today.

To sleep all day is unhealthy.I want to ask you a question.

Slide30

Find the In

fini

tive Phrases:

I went to the pond to fish for bass.I have to go to the mall before supper.To make good grades, one must study.

My goal is to make good grades.I sat with the team to give them my support.Don’t try to get out of here too fast.

Slide31

Infini

tive Phrases used as

NOUNS:

I want to get a car for my birthday.My goal is to get a car for my birthday.

To get a car for my birthday would be wonderful.My goal, to get a car for my birthday, may never happen.Which two noun positions are not used?

Slide32

In

fini

tive

Phrases used as ADJECTIVES:

The movie to see is Avatar

.I missed the road to take to the beach.The place to see moose is Canada.

I need a place to keep my book bag. Adjective infinitive phrases will come

directly after a noun and modify it by answering “which?” or “what kind?.”

Slide33

In

fini

tive

Phrases used as ADVERBS:

I went to the pond to fish.

To get into Harvard, you must study.I am happy to be here.I am sad to see you go.

An infinitive phrase that comes first in a sentence MAY be an adverb, but it will have a comma after it. Adverb infinitive phrases usually answer “why?” or “how?.”

Slide34

Some famous In

fini

tives :

“To be or not to be

, that is the question.”“To know me is to love me.”

“You’ve got to live a little.”“I vant to drink your bloooooood.”

“I wanna hold your hand.”“I’ve only just begun to fight

.”“To boldly go where no man has gone before…” (split infinitive)

Slide35

Look for patterns…