Nurse assistants are important members of the health care team Measuring and Recording Intake and Output Measuring and Recording Intake and Output continued Intake fluids taken in by patient ID: 172249
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Nurse Assistant Skills
Nurse assistants are important members of the health care teamSlide2
Measuring and Recording
Intake and OutputSlide3
Measuring and Recording
Intake and Output(continued)
Intake: fluids taken in by patient
What is included in intake
Output: fluids eliminated by patient
What is included in output
Records must be accurate
Fluids usually measured by metric systemSlide4
Measuring and Recording
Intake and Output(continued)
Agencies follow different policies for recording I&O
Careful instructions should be given to patients on I&O
Standard precautionsSlide5
Feeding a Patient
Good nutrition is an important part of a patient’s treatmentMake mealtimes as pleasant as possibleMealtimes are regarded as social time
Proper preparation for mealtime
Delay of meals
Check food traySlide6
Feeding a Patient
Allow patient to feed themselves whenever possibleTest temperature of foodPrinciples to follow while feeding
Relaxed, unhurried atmosphere
Observe amount eaten
Observe for any signs of chokingSlide7
Assisting with a Bedpan/Urinal
Elimination of body waste is essentialTerminologyMany patients sensitive about using bedpan/urinal
Accurate observations important
Standard precautions
Use of gloves importantSlide8
Providing Catheter and
Urinary-Drainage Unit CareCatheters: hollow tubes usually made of rubber or plasticFrench or straight catheter
Foley catheter
External condom catheter
Urinary-drainage units
Leg bags for ambulation Slide9
Providing Catheter and
Urinary-Drainage Unit CareCareful observation of catheter and drainage unit
When catheter and urinary-drainage unit in place, preferable never to disconnect unit
If necessary to disconnect catheter, follow agency policy
Catheter careSlide10
Providing Catheter and
Urinary-Drainage Unit Care
Observation of urine
Follow correct procedure to empty drainage unit to prevent contamination and infection
Bladder training program
Keep recordsSlide11
Summary
Assisting patient with intake and output important part of careProvide privacy and respect patient’s rights at all timesObserve standard precautions
Follow correct proceduresSlide12
Collecting Stool/Urine Specimens
Laboratory tests are performed on specimens to detect diseaseSpecimens must be collected correctly for tests to be accurateRoutine urine specimen
Clean-catch or midstream-voided urineSlide13
Collecting Stool/Urine Specimens
Sterile catheterized urine specimen24-hour urine specimenRoutine stool (feces) specimen
Stool for occult blood
Label all specimens correctly
Use standard precautionsSlide14
Enemas and Rectal Treatments
EnemasRetention enemasNonretention enemas
Types of enemas
Cleansing
Disposable
Oil retentionSlide15
Enemas and Rectal Treatments
(continued)Impactions—removed by licensed or advanced care provider
Rectal tube
SuppositoriesSlide16
Summary
Enemas and rectal treatments cannot be administered without a doctor’s orderFollow correct procedures at all timesObserve standard precautions to prevent spread of infectionSlide17
Applying Restraints
Chemical restraints—medicationsPhysical restraints—protective devicesConditions that may require restraintsTypes of physical restraints
Points to remember when using restraints
Complications of restraintsSlide18
Applying Restraints
Most health care facilities have specific rules and policies regarding the use of restraintsBe aware of legal responsibilitiesSlide19
Administering Oxygen
Blood must have oxygenSigns of oxygen shortageDeficiency of oxygen (hypoxia)Methods of administration of oxygen
Ways of providing oxygen to the patient
HumidifierSlide20
Administering Oxygen
(continued)Safety precautions
Pulse
oximeters
Points to check while oxygen in use
Legal considerationsSlide21
Giving Postmortem Care
Care given to the body immediately following deathBegins when a doctor has pronounced
the patient dead
Difficult but essential part of patient careSlide22
Giving Postmortem Care
Dealing with death and dyingPatient’s rights apply after deathFamily member may want to view body
Procedure for postmortem care will vary
with different facilitiesSlide23
Giving Postmortem Care
Morgue kitsCare of valuables and belongingsTwo people often work together to complete care
Observe agency policySlide24
Summary
The nursing assistant provides quality personal care for patientsMany skills are required to perform approved procedures
Standard precautions must be observed
Record observations carefully
Know your legal responsibilitiesSlide25
Measuring and Recording
Intake and OutputA large part of the body is fluid, so there must be a balance between the amount of fluid taken into the body and the amount lost from the body
Swelling and edema
Dehydration
Intake and output (I&O) forms vary
between facilities