BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ANIMALS 1 2 3 NINE ANIMAL PHYLA INVERTEBRATES VERTEBRATES CORDATES 1 phylum ID: 553642
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THE ANIMAL KINGDOM BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ANIMALS: 1. 2. 3. NINE ANIMAL PHYLA INVERTEBRATES: VERTEBRATES (CORDATES): (1 phylum)
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
CAPABILITY OF LOCOMOTION
MUST INJEST FOOD
(8 PHYLA)
ALL LACK INTERNAL SKELETON, SOME HAVE EXOSKELTON OR SHELL
INTERNAL
SKELETON
MADE OF BONE/ CARTILAGESlide2
1. PORIFERA:SIMPLEST ANIMALS
NO TISSUE LAYERS
EXAMPLES: SPONGESSlide3
2. CNIDARIAHOLLOW BODY
HAVE STINGING CELLS
TWO BODY FORMS MEDUSA & POLYP
EXAMPLES: CORAL, JELLYFISH, SEA ANEMONE Slide4
3. PLATYHELMINTHES:
EXAMPLES: PLANARIA, FLUKE, TAPEWORM
UNSEGMENTED WORMS
FLAT WORMSSlide5
4. NEMATODAUNSEGMENTED WORMSROUND WORMS
EXAMPLES: HOOKWORMS, HEARTWORMSSlide6
5. ANNELIDAMOST ADVANCED WORMS
SEGMENTED WORMS
EXAMPLES: LEECH, EARTHWORMS Slide7
6. ARTHROPODASEGMENTED ANIMALS
EXOSKELETONS MADE OF CHITIN
CLASS CRUSTACEAN - MARINE ORGANISMS
EXAMPLES: SHRIMP, LOBSTER, CRAB, BARNACLESlide8
7. MOLLUSCASOME HAVE SHELL
UNSEGMENTED, SOFT BODIES
EXAMPLES: SNAIL, SCALLOPSlide9
8. ECHINODERMATAHAVE A DERMAL SKELETON WITH SPINES & PLATES
ONLY LIVE IN MARINE ENVIRONMENT
EXAMPLES: SEA URCHIN,
SEASTAR, BRITTLE STARSlide10
9. CHORDATAHAVE INTERNAL SKELETON
BACKBONE TO PROTECT SPINAL CORD
EXAMPLES: FISH, REPTILES, BIRDS, AMPHIBIANS, MAMMALSSlide11Slide12
FeaturesDefining CharacteristicsWhat makes that phylum special?Symmetry Bilateral, radial, or noneLevel of complexityBased on the Hierarchy of Biological OrderBrainBrain or neural systems possessed by the phylaSlide13
FeaturesCirculatory SystemHow does “stuff” move around the body?Diet / DigestiveHow does it eat and digest food?RespirationDoes it breathe?MovementDoes it have feet? A tail? Is it stationary?Slide14
PoriferaDefining characteristics:Porous, aquatic, basic creaturesSymmetry:Usually noneComplexityNo tissues – collections of cellsBrainNone.Slide15
PoriferaCirculatoryNone. DietFilter feederTakes bits of nutrition from the water it absorbsRespirationNo major system. Gaseous exchange through cell membranes.MovementMostly stationary, or reliant on waterSlide16
ExamplesSlide17Slide18
CnidariaDefining characteristics:Aquatic creatures with stinging cells and two body types (medusa and polyp)Symmetry:RadialComplexityTwo simple tissue layersBrainNervous system that controls basic movement and digestionSlide19
CnidariaCirculatoryOpen systemFluid is left to swirl around the innardsDietPredatorEats and excretes through the same center openingMost basic creature with a digestive gutRespirationInternal cavity also used for gas exchangeMovement
Use tentacle waves to moveSlide20
ExamplesSlide21
Echinodermata and MolluscaSlide22
ArthropodaDefining characteristics:Exoskeleton, jointed limbs, segmented bodiesLargest Phylum by diversitySymmetry:BilateralComplexitySegmented bodies with organ systemsBrainFull brains with nerve cordsSlide23
ArthropodaCirculatoryOpen systemFluid is left to swirl around the innardsDietPredatorFull digestive systemRespiration“Book lungs” or gillsMovementHave jointed appendages for movementSlide24
ExamplesSlide25
AnnelidaDefining characteristics:Fully segmented bodyMeans that every segment is (nearly) identical to the one before or afterSymmetry:Bilateral / SegmentsComplexitySegmented bodies with organ systemsBrainSmall “control centers” with nervesSlide26
AnnelidaCirculatoryBlood vessels with (occasionally) multiple heartsDietOmnivores or detritivoresRespirationGills or breathe through skinMovementSome have feet, others extend and contract their body/musclesSlide27
ExamplesSlide28
ChordatesPick a subphyla:FishAmphibiansReptilesBirdsMammalsWrite three sentences about what sets your subphyla apart from the others. What is special about yours? Is it more or less advanced than the others?Slide29
PlatyhelminthesDefining characteristics:Mostly flattened, with no body cavity, and are usually parasiticSymmetry:BilateralComplexityVery basic organ systemsBrainNo “brain” but a nerve cord that branches throughout the bodySlide30
PlatyhelminthesCirculatoryNoneDietPredators that eat smaller organismsMouth is used for eating and excretingRespirationNo respiratory system. MovementMovement achieved by wiggling their body in aquatic environmentsSlide31
ExamplesSlide32
NematodaDefining characteristics:2nd most diverse by speciesWorm like, with a full body cavity and full digestive systemSymmetry:BilateralComplexityOrgan systemsBrainCircular ring of nerves for brainSlide33
NematodaCirculatoryNone – Transfer by diffusionDietMost basic phylum with a full digestive systemRespiration“Breathes” through skinMovementMovement achieved by wiggling their body in aquatic environmentsSlide34
Examples