The Sun King Johannes Gutenberg German 1440 Goldsmith by trade invented the moving printing press Main factor in the dissemination of ideas Previously 40 books per day by hand now 3600 Begins the democratization of knowledge ID: 396070
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Louis XIV
The Sun KingSlide2
Johannes Gutenberg (German)1440
Goldsmith by trade invented the moving printing press
Main factor in the dissemination of ideasPreviously 40 books per day by hand now 3600Begins the democratization of knowledge
The Printing Press Slide3
German Priest and Professor of TheologyDisputed that salvation could be bought with money (indulgences)
Bible is the
only source of divine knowledgeTranslated the bible from Latin to GermanPersonal relationship between God and his worshipper
Nailed his “95 Theses” to the church door
Began the “Reformation” and the “Wars of Religion”
Martin Luther (1483-1536)Slide4Slide5
Between Catholic and Protestant Triggered by Martin
Luthers
ReformationFought between rival houses in FranceVery Divisive
Wars of Religion (1562-98)Slide6
Henry IVPrior to Henry taking the throne France was in the throes of the French Wars of Religion
Protestants
(Huguenots) vs. CatholicHe was a protestant but converted in hopes of ending the fightingIt did not work so issues the
Edict of Nantes
The French MonarchySlide7
Calvinism vs Catholics in France
Gave rights to the Calvinists who
where previously schismatic and hereticsOpened a path for secularism and tolerance“Freedom of Conscience” to the peopleEnded the “Wars of Religion” (1562-1598)
Edict of NantesSlide8
Protestant“Predestination”
If you were rich and powerful it was because you were chosen by God to be
Very strictCertain few were chosen for heavenCalvinism Slide9
Chief Minister Cardinal Richelieu Wielded all the power
Wanted to strengthen the Kings power
Believed in tradeThe beginning of the “Divine Right of Kings”
Louis
XIII - AdvisorsSlide10
1638-1715Began rule at age 4
Ruled for 54 years
Attained the throne at age 4 – Mother Anne and Cardinal Mazarin ruled in his name
Louis “The Great”Slide11Slide12
Sought to eliminate feudalism from France by establishing a centralized nation stateInvited nobles to live at the lavish Palace at Versailles
Reduced scheming and power mongering by taking them off their own land
Instituted strict hierarchy within society as well as his army3 estates Officers in army were appointed by Louis
Louis XIV - CentralizationSlide13
1st
Estate
Clergy2nd EstateNobility
3
rd EstateCommoners
Estates Slide14
Increased the army from 100 000 to 400 000Gave them uniforms
Appointed
Intendents to rule the provincesCollected taxes, enforced laws, recruited soldiersBuilt the Palace of Versailles
27 years to build
100 million dollars
Louis XIV - AccomplishmentsSlide15Slide16Slide17Slide18Slide19
Increased the army from 100 000 to 400 000
Gave them uniforms
Appointed Intendents to rule the provincesCollected taxes, enforced laws, recruited soldiersBuilt the Palace of Versailles
27 years to build
100 million dollarsExtended France’s power through several wars
Dutch war
War of Spanish Succession
Louis XIV - AccomplishmentsSlide20
Jean-Baptiste Colbert (Financial Minister)Slide21
Mercantilisttrade improves
Believes the nation should be economically independent
New way of collecting taxesIntendentsIntroduced higher taxesEncourages trade
New industries
Building of ships, roads, canalsGrowth of colonies (New France, Canada)
Jean-Baptiste Colbert (Financial Minister)Slide22
Inability to raise enough money
Inability to accept religious differences
Repeals the edict of NantesProtestants leave FranceProtestants very skilled peopleSpent too much money
Flaws in Louis XIV’s Government