Muscles and actions of - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Muscles and actions of the elbow joint

Dr. Csáki Ágnes2017. Szeptember 27Anatómia, szövet- és fejlődéstani intézet, SESlide2

Articulatio

cubitiSlide3

Articulatio

cubiti – elbow joint

humeroulnar

:

trochlea

humeri

,

ulna

trochlear notchginglymus -hinge1 axis : flexion-extension

compound

joint

:

trochogynglimus

Slide4

Articulatio cubiti

– elbow joint

humeroulnar:

trochlea

humeri

,

ulna

trochlear

notchginglymus -hinge1 axis : flexion-extension

humeroradial

:

capitulum

humeri

Fovea

of the radius head ball and socket joint3 main axises, butsubordinate role

compound

joint

:

trochogynglimus

Slide5

Articulatio cubiti

– elbow joint

humeroulnar:

trochlea

humeri

,

ulna

trochlear

notchginglymus -hinge1 axis : flexion-extension

humeroradial

:

capitulum

humeri

Fovea

of the radius head ball and socket joint3 main axises, butsubordinate role

Proximal

radioulnar

:

ulna

radial

notcharticular circumference of the radius trochoid1 axis: pronation-supination with

+

necessarily

combined joint: distal radioulnar joint

Sobotta

compound

joint

:

trochogynglimus

Slide6

Capsula articularis

fibrous

layer is arises higher from the humerus

Attaches

to

the

anular

ligamentsynovial layer atteches under the annular ligament of

radius

:

superior

sacciform

recessSobotta

membrana

fibrosa

membrana

synovialis

Fatty

tissueSlide7

Capsula articularis

synovial layer is attached at the border

of

the

articular

cartilage

+ surrounds the olecranon fossa, coronoid fossa, radial fossa;

Sobotta

membrana

fibrosa

membrana

synovialis

Fatty

tissueSlide8

Thiel

SobottaSlide9

Ligaments on the medial side

Ligamentum collaterale ulnare (mediale):

pars

anterior

pars

posterior

pars

transversa

/

lig

. olecranocoronoideum

(Cooper)

Thiel

Sobotta

SobottaSlide10

Ligaments on the lateral side

Ligamentum collaterale radiale (laterale):

attaches

to

the

anular

ligament

Thiel

Sobotta

BrausSlide11

Ligamentum

anulare

radii

–

prevents

the

dislocation of the radiusIn children is weaker and Slide12

3

years

old

capitulum

Radius

head

epicond

.

med

.

capitulum

4,5 y.

9

y.

Radius

head

capitulum

epicond. med.

trochlea

olecranon

CRITOE

Ossification

of

the

elbow

bones

Slide13

Nursemaid’s

elbow

avoid

the

grabbing

!Slide14
Slide15

Movements

Flexion-extension

Pronation-supinationSlide16

around a transverse

axis (or radio-ulnar axis)through

the two humeral condyles: flexion-extension

(

max

.

140º

)

in

the humeroulnar jointthe medial condyle is lower, so the

angle

between

the

forearm and the arm is less then 180º (appr. 160º-180º) - physiological abduction (carrying angle)the trochlear notch groove is a bit "spiral", that is why the

flexed

forearm's

hand

is

lateral to the shoulderSlide17

around

the construction axis of

the forearm (through the radius

head

fovea

,

radius

neck

, radius tuberosity, ulna styloid process) : pronation - supination (max.

170º

)

(

this

movement

is performed by the proximal and distal radioulnar joints)Slide18

Construction axis of the upper limb

1

)

Caput

humer

i

2

) C

apitulum

humeri3) Tuberositas radii4) Processus styloideus ULNA

E

!

Flexed

elbow

:

pronation / supination axis runs through the head and neck of radius - the distal part of radius rotates around the ulna (cca. 170

degree

)

Extended

elbow

:

the

whole upper limb rotates in the glenohumeral joint– (300 deg.) construction axis and the rotation axis of the sternoclavicular

joint is on the same line (– abducted és retroflected

arm )( 360 deg.

)Slide19

30

degrees to the frontal

plane

Position

of

the

scapulaSlide20

Muscles

acting on the elbowArm

flexors:Biceps brahii (biarticular)

insertion

by

a

tendon

on

the radial tuberosity and by aponeurosis to the antebrachial

fascia

flexion

and

supination

(+

abduction and anteflexion in the shoulder)Brachialis (uniarticular) insertion on the ulnar tuberosity only flexionSlide21
Slide22

Muscles act on the elbow

Arm extensors:Triceps brachii

(biarticular) insertion on the olecranon

Extension

(+

adduction

in

the shoulder)Slide23

Muscles act on the elbow

Among the forearm flexors:Pronator

teres and Pronator quadratus pronation

Among

the

forearm

extensors

:Supinator Supination

Deep

branch

of

the

radius

nerveSlide24

Pronation

and supinationPronator teresPronator quadratus

SupinatorBiceps brachiiandSlide25

HajduBrachioradialis!! Flexion, of

the elbow andfrom the midpositon

either supination or pronationSlide26

Bursitis

olecraniSlide27
Slide28

References: Drake: Gray’s Anatomyfor Students, 2nd ed.Standring

: Gray’s Anatomy, 39th ed.Radiopaedia.orgThank

you for your attention!

Dislocation

of he

ulna