and the Executive Branch Section 1 The President and Vice President Article II of the Constitution establishes the power of the Executive Branch Their duty is to carry out laws passed by Congress ID: 744515
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Chapte r 9 The President" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Chapter 9 The President and the Executive BranchSlide2
Section 1 The President and Vice PresidentArticle II of the Constitution establishes the power of the Executive Branch
Their duty is to carry out laws passed by CongressSlide3
QualificationsThe constitution says the president must:Be at least 35 years oldA natural born citizen, must be born in America
A resident of the US for @ least 14 yearsSlide4
Traditional requirements White male, except for Barack ObamaProtestant Christian, except for JFK, who was CatholicGeraldine Farraro was the 1st female VP
nominee in 1984
Jesse
Jackson was the 1st black to run for the
office 1984, 1988Slide5
Limited PowerBecause of the system of checks and balances, the president's power is limitedFor example, the president proposes a budget, but Congress must approve itAny appointments made by the president must be approved by the Senate
The president can also be removed from office through the impeachment process, the House impeaches and the Senate removesSlide6
ElectionsOccur every 4 yearsThe ELECTORAL COLLEGE chooses the president, not the peoplePeople vote for a list of presidential electors, who in turn pledged to a candidateMost states have a “winner take all” system in the
college meaning that the candidate with the most votes in the state gets all of that states electoral votesSlide7Slide8
Electoral College To be elected president you must receive 270 electoral votesSlide9
Terms of OfficeLimited to two full terms in officeThe Congress made this change after Franklin D. Roosevelt served 4 termsThe 22nd Amendment limits the terms of the presidentIt states that he can serve up to 10 years in office
(Why is this number not 8?)Slide10
Terms of OfficeIt states that he can serve up to 10 years in office (Why is this number not 8?)Slide11
The president gets $400,000 per year, plus money for expenses and travelHe lives and works at the White HouseSlide12
The VPQualifications are the same as the presidentWhy?Has little authority, acts as president of the Senate and votes only if there is a tie, paid $221,000 a year
Succeeds the president if he should die, has happened only 9 timesSlide13
SuccessionIn 1841 John Tyler became the 1st VP to become presidentIn 1947 Congress passed the Presidential Succession Act, which gives the line of succession after the VPAfter the VP
Speaker
of the
House >
president pro tempore of the
Senate >
the secretary of
state >
and other cabinet
members
…
The 25th Amendment allows the VP to choose who will become his VP when the president dies, and further deals with succession Slide14
The President's JobHe can:- Carry out laws passed in Congress- Call Congress into special session
- Commander
in chief of the armed forces
- Receive
leaders from foreign countries
- Make
treaties with other countries
- Appoint
judges, heads of executive agencies, ambassadors, and other officials
- Pardon
or reduce people w/ federal crimesSlide15
Presidential “HATS”Chief ExecutiveChief Diplomat
Chief of State
Commander in Chief
Legislative Leader
Economic Leader
Political Party LeaderSlide16
Roles of the PresidentChief Executive- Carries out laws passed by Congress- Has the power to issue executive orders- a rule of command that has the force of law
- Has
the power to appoint officials and judges
- May
issue a
reprieve (delay punishment)
and can give
amnesty (a
pardon toward a group of
people)Slide17
Chief Diplomat Meets and negotiates with leaders and representatives of other countriesSlide18
As Chief Diplomat
, Thomas Jefferson arranged the Louisiana
Purchase (1803)
with Napoleon of France. This doubled the size of the United States.
Commander in Chief
Leader of the armed forces
Can order troops into battle
Congress has declared war only 5 times: 1812, Mexican War, Spanish- American, WWI and IISlide19
Commander in ChiefAll other military action- more than 150 since 1789, have been ordered by the presidentThe War Powers Act states that the President must notify Congress within 48
hrs of sending troops and they must be home in 60 days unless war is called by
Congress.Slide20
Legislative Leader- Proposes legislation, programs, and a budget for Congressional consideration- The Constitution requires that the president give an annual State of the Union address to CongressSlide21
Head of StateSymbol of the nation and its leaderEconomic LeaderPlans the federal budget, policies affect the economy of America
Party
Leader
Leader
of his political party, helps raise money, has influence over policiesSlide22
Presidential “HATS”Chief ExecutiveChief Diplomat
Chief of State
Commander in Chief
Legislative Leader
Economic Leader
Political Party LeaderSlide23
Section 2 The Organization of the Executive Branch
Executive Office of the President
The president uses the EOP to help him run the government. They have a budget of over $100 million
They
advise
the president on important matters
The White House
500 people who work directly with the president
They screen the flow of information and people trying to reach the president Slide24
Office of Management and BudgetPrepares the federal budget and monitors spending in hundreds of government agencies.National Security CouncilHelps the president coordinate U.S. military and foreign policyIncludes the V-president, the secretary of state, and defense, and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Section
2
The
Organization
of
the Executive BranchSlide25
Department of StateHandles relations with foreign governments and helps the president with foreign policyDepartment of DefenseHelps the president by running the armed forces
Section
2
The
Organization
of
the Executive BranchSlide26
Office of AdministrationProvides administrative services to all of the executive offices of the president.Council of Economic AdvisersHelps the president carry out the rule of economic leaderDepartment of Homeland Security
Consolidated the nation’s defenses against a terrorist attack
Created by George W. Bush after the September 11, 2001 terror attacks
Section
2
The
Organization
of
the Executive BranchSlide27
CabinetAn important group of advisors to the presidentCabinet ResponsibilitiesThey advise the president on issues related to their departments.Started with George Washington
The CabinetSlide28
The CabinetSlide29
The Vice PresidentMost vice-presidents have very little authorityNot a part of the cabinet, but may be asked to joinSlide30
First LadyMany 1st ladies have served the country- Eleanor Roosevelt was a domestic advisor and activist1st ladies have an office in the White House as well as a staffSlide31
The Federal BureaucracyTurn new laws into action- make policies and rules for the lawsAdminister the day to day operations of the governmentRegulate various activities
They help shape government policySlide32
Independent AgenciesExecutive AgenciesDeal with specialized areas within government NASA and EPA (environment)Government Corporations
Ex. The US Postal Service, charge fees for their services and products, they try to make a profit, but usually don’t make much Slide33
Regulatory Boards and CommissionsSuppose to protect the public or place limits on corporations FCC deals with radio and TV rulesSlide34
Government WorkersMostly government workersMust take a test to qualify for jobs In the past, most of these jobs were given to people based on who they knew, not their skills, this was known as the Spoils System and was started under Andrew
Jackson
Today
the merit system, or Civil Service System makes any government employee take test and they get jobs based on meritSlide35
Section 3 The President's PowerThe president can do many things to help him reach goals
Treaties are a tool of foreign policy
It is a formal agreement between nations to do something
The president’s treaties must be approved by the SenateSlide36
An executive agreement can be used by the president to bypass the SenateThey are agreements between the president and other foreign leadersSlide37
The president also has executive privilege, the right to keep certain information that is seen as to vital to national security from CongressSlide38
Presidential powers have broadened over the course of American history President Thomas Jefferson used a broad interpretation of the Constitution to purchase the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803Changes in Presidential PowerSlide39
President Truman threatened workers during the Korean War to either end their strike and work, or be placed on the front linesTruman knew that this business needed to go on because it was vital to the war effortSlide40
The president can also use executive orders to bypass Congress when enacting something importantIn 1948, Truman used such an order to desegregate the armed forcesSlide41
In 1974, in Nixon v. the US the Supreme Court ordered Nixon to give up recordings of himself to Congress for the Watergate investigation
Nixon had refused to give the tapes to Congress and then had given them edited tapes before the Supreme Court decisionSlide42
Based on the evidence of the tapes, the House believed that Nixon had in fact tried to cover up a attempted burglary of the DNC at the Watergate Hotel and should be impeachedNixon resigned from office shortly after the rulingNixon v. US showed that no one, not even the president was above the law