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Chapte r   9  The  President Chapte r   9  The  President

Chapte r 9 The President - PowerPoint Presentation

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Chapte r 9 The President - PPT Presentation

and the Executive Branch Section 1 The President and Vice President Article II of the Constitution establishes the power of the Executive Branch Their duty is to carry out laws passed by Congress ID: 744515

congress president chief executive president congress executive chief leader office government war branch house section presidential state foreign states

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1

Chapter 9 The President and the Executive BranchSlide2

Section 1 The President and Vice PresidentArticle II of the Constitution establishes the power of the Executive Branch

Their duty is to carry out laws passed by CongressSlide3

QualificationsThe constitution says the president must:Be at least 35 years oldA natural born citizen, must be born in America

A resident of the US for @ least 14 yearsSlide4

Traditional requirements White male, except for Barack ObamaProtestant Christian, except for JFK, who was CatholicGeraldine Farraro was the 1st female VP

nominee in 1984

Jesse

Jackson was the 1st black to run for the

office 1984, 1988Slide5

Limited PowerBecause of the system of checks and balances, the president's power is limitedFor example, the president proposes a budget, but Congress must approve itAny appointments made by the president must be approved by the Senate

The president can also be removed from office through the impeachment process, the House impeaches and the Senate removesSlide6

ElectionsOccur every 4 yearsThe ELECTORAL COLLEGE chooses the president, not the peoplePeople vote for a list of presidential electors, who in turn pledged to a candidateMost states have a “winner take all” system in the

college meaning that the candidate with the most votes in the state gets all of that states electoral votesSlide7
Slide8

Electoral College To be elected president you must receive 270 electoral votesSlide9

Terms of OfficeLimited to two full terms in officeThe Congress made this change after Franklin D. Roosevelt served 4 termsThe 22nd Amendment limits the terms of the presidentIt states that he can serve up to 10 years in office

(Why is this number not 8?)Slide10

Terms of OfficeIt states that he can serve up to 10 years in office (Why is this number not 8?)Slide11

The president gets $400,000 per year, plus money for expenses and travelHe lives and works at the White HouseSlide12

The VPQualifications are the same as the presidentWhy?Has little authority, acts as president of the Senate and votes only if there is a tie, paid $221,000 a year

Succeeds the president if he should die, has happened only 9 timesSlide13

SuccessionIn 1841 John Tyler became the 1st VP to become presidentIn 1947 Congress passed the Presidential Succession Act, which gives the line of succession after the VPAfter the VP

Speaker

of the

House >

president pro tempore of the

Senate >

the secretary of

state >

and other cabinet

members

The 25th Amendment allows the VP to choose who will become his VP when the president dies, and further deals with succession Slide14

The President's JobHe can:- Carry out laws passed in Congress- Call Congress into special session

- Commander

in chief of the armed forces

- Receive

leaders from foreign countries

- Make

treaties with other countries

- Appoint

judges, heads of executive agencies, ambassadors, and other officials

- Pardon

or reduce people w/ federal crimesSlide15

Presidential “HATS”Chief ExecutiveChief Diplomat

Chief of State

Commander in Chief

Legislative Leader

Economic Leader

Political Party LeaderSlide16

Roles of the PresidentChief Executive- Carries out laws passed by Congress- Has the power to issue executive orders- a rule of command that has the force of law

- Has

the power to appoint officials and judges

- May

issue a

reprieve (delay punishment)

and can give

amnesty (a

pardon toward a group of

people)Slide17

Chief Diplomat Meets and negotiates with leaders and representatives of other countriesSlide18

As Chief Diplomat

, Thomas Jefferson arranged the Louisiana

Purchase (1803)

with Napoleon of France. This doubled the size of the United States.

Commander in Chief

Leader of the armed forces

Can order troops into battle

Congress has declared war only 5 times: 1812, Mexican War, Spanish- American, WWI and IISlide19

Commander in ChiefAll other military action- more than 150 since 1789, have been ordered by the presidentThe War Powers Act states that the President must notify Congress within 48

hrs of sending troops and they must be home in 60 days unless war is called by

Congress.Slide20

Legislative Leader- Proposes legislation, programs, and a budget for Congressional consideration- The Constitution requires that the president give an annual State of the Union address to CongressSlide21

Head of StateSymbol of the nation and its leaderEconomic LeaderPlans the federal budget, policies affect the economy of America

Party

Leader

Leader

of his political party, helps raise money, has influence over policiesSlide22

Presidential “HATS”Chief ExecutiveChief Diplomat

Chief of State

Commander in Chief

Legislative Leader

Economic Leader

Political Party LeaderSlide23

Section 2 The Organization of the Executive Branch

Executive Office of the President

The president uses the EOP to help him run the government. They have a budget of over $100 million

They

advise

the president on important matters

The White House

500 people who work directly with the president

They screen the flow of information and people trying to reach the president Slide24

Office of Management and BudgetPrepares the federal budget and monitors spending in hundreds of government agencies.National Security CouncilHelps the president coordinate U.S. military and foreign policyIncludes the V-president, the secretary of state, and defense, and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

Section

2

The

Organization

of

the Executive BranchSlide25

Department of StateHandles relations with foreign governments and helps the president with foreign policyDepartment of DefenseHelps the president by running the armed forces

Section

2

The

Organization

of

the Executive BranchSlide26

Office of AdministrationProvides administrative services to all of the executive offices of the president.Council of Economic AdvisersHelps the president carry out the rule of economic leaderDepartment of Homeland Security

Consolidated the nation’s defenses against a terrorist attack

Created by George W. Bush after the September 11, 2001 terror attacks

Section

2

The

Organization

of

the Executive BranchSlide27

CabinetAn important group of advisors to the presidentCabinet ResponsibilitiesThey advise the president on issues related to their departments.Started with George Washington

The CabinetSlide28

The CabinetSlide29

The Vice PresidentMost vice-presidents have very little authorityNot a part of the cabinet, but may be asked to joinSlide30

First LadyMany 1st ladies have served the country- Eleanor Roosevelt was a domestic advisor and activist1st ladies have an office in the White House as well as a staffSlide31

The Federal BureaucracyTurn new laws into action- make policies and rules for the lawsAdminister the day to day operations of the governmentRegulate various activities

They help shape government policySlide32

Independent AgenciesExecutive AgenciesDeal with specialized areas within government NASA and EPA (environment)Government Corporations

Ex. The US Postal Service, charge fees for their services and products, they try to make a profit, but usually don’t make much Slide33

Regulatory Boards and CommissionsSuppose to protect the public or place limits on corporations FCC deals with radio and TV rulesSlide34

Government WorkersMostly government workersMust take a test to qualify for jobs In the past, most of these jobs were given to people based on who they knew, not their skills, this was known as the Spoils System and was started under Andrew

Jackson

Today

the merit system, or Civil Service System makes any government employee take test and they get jobs based on meritSlide35

Section 3 The President's PowerThe president can do many things to help him reach goals

Treaties are a tool of foreign policy

It is a formal agreement between nations to do something

The president’s treaties must be approved by the SenateSlide36

An executive agreement can be used by the president to bypass the SenateThey are agreements between the president and other foreign leadersSlide37

The president also has executive privilege, the right to keep certain information that is seen as to vital to national security from CongressSlide38

Presidential powers have broadened over the course of American history President Thomas Jefferson used a broad interpretation of the Constitution to purchase the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803Changes in Presidential PowerSlide39

President Truman threatened workers during the Korean War to either end their strike and work, or be placed on the front linesTruman knew that this business needed to go on because it was vital to the war effortSlide40

The president can also use executive orders to bypass Congress when enacting something importantIn 1948, Truman used such an order to desegregate the armed forcesSlide41

In 1974, in Nixon v. the US the Supreme Court ordered Nixon to give up recordings of himself to Congress for the Watergate investigation

Nixon had refused to give the tapes to Congress and then had given them edited tapes before the Supreme Court decisionSlide42

Based on the evidence of the tapes, the House believed that Nixon had in fact tried to cover up a attempted burglary of the DNC at the Watergate Hotel and should be impeachedNixon resigned from office shortly after the rulingNixon v. US showed that no one, not even the president was above the law