World Population Add BOLD words to your vocabulary notes Measuring Population Population distribution Population density Population Movement Immigration Push factors Pull factors Emigrant ID: 371568
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Slide1
Human Geography
World Population
Add
BOLD
words to your vocabulary notes.Slide2
Measuring Population
Population distribution
Population density
Population Movement
Immigration
Push factors-
Pull factors-
Emigrant
immigrant
urbanizationSlide3
Population DensitySlide4
Population Distribution inAfrica
Based on the Population Density map
(slide 3) and this population distribution map, answer the following questions:
In Africa, what area has the greatest population density?
What area has the lowest population density?
Compare your answers in #1 & #2 to your climate and vegetation maps. Use that information to answer the following questions:
3) What climate factors might contribute to the population distribution of Africa?
4) What type of vegetation is most common in the more heavily populated areas of Africa?
5) What conclusions can you draw about population distribution in Africa, based on these 4 maps?Slide5
Population Growth
Natural increase
:
Birth rate-death rate=
Migration
:
Demographic transition model
Doubling time
Developing nations
Developed nationsSlide6
Problems with Population Growth
Shortages:
Overcrowding
Pollution
air
water
ecosystem destructionSlide7
Negative Population Growth
What is it?
Why does it occur?
What effect does it have?Slide8
What is a culture?
Culture consists of 6 basic components
Language
Religion
Shared history
Customs
Government/Economic systems
Social groups
Family structure
Social classes
Ethnic groupsSlide9
Culture Questions
Why are social groups important to the development of culture?
Can people share the same religion or language and NOT belong to the same culture? Explain.
A
nation
is a community that shares a common identity, usually based on shared culture. Is the US a
nation
, based on this definition? Explain.Slide10
World Languages p.76
Look at the World Language Families map on p. 76 and compare that information to the world languages map on the following slide, then answer the following questions.
What is the difference between these two maps?
Are there inconsistencies between the two maps? What are they and what might cause them?
What does the language spoken in North Africa tell us about the culture of North Africa in comparison to the rest of Africa?Slide11
World LanguagesSlide12
World Culture Regions
What is a culture region?
Compare the World
C
ulture
R
egions map on p. 77 with the World Language Families map on p. 76. How are they related?
Again, comparing the World Languages Map (slide 10) with the World Culture Regions, what conclusions can we make about North Africa?
In which culture regions do Indo-European languages predominate?
Do people within the same cultural region necessarily speak the same language? Explain.Slide13
World Philosophies*
Using the
notesheet
I give you, take notes on the major world philosophies-p. 80-98 in textbook and
BBC Religions
. (Remember, you have to be in Slideshow mode to click the link.)
Ideas to know: Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Judaism, Sikhism, Shinto, Daoism, Indigenous Religions
Add these vocabulary terms to your vocab notes:
Animism
Atheism
Agnosticism (not in book)
Monotheism
Polytheism
Secularism
Sect
* Why
philosophies
and not
religions?Slide14
Religion in Africa
What religion is predominate in North Africa? How might you have been able to predict that, based on your prior knowledge of this area?
That religion is also predominate in the nations immediately south of the Sahara. Why do you think that is?
What religion(s) are predominate in the rest of Africa?Slide15
Changing Cultures
3 factors that lead to cultural change:
What is
cultural diffusion
?
Major events in human history that led to sweeping cultural changes:
Agricultural Revolution
What is a
cultural hearth
?
Industrial Revolution
Information RevolutionSlide16
Political and Economic Systems
Are political systems REALLY part of human culture?
How are we influenced by the political and economic system we live under?
EducationSlide17
What is in a country
?
What is a
state
?
What is a
nation
?
What is a
nation-state
?
Which of these is the United States of America?
How many countries are there?Slide18
Levels of Government
Unitary system
Federal systemSlide19
Types of Government
We owe the study of government to
Aristotle
, who first studied and categorized governments.
Gotta
love them Greeks
.
Autocracy
Monarchy
Oligarchy
Democracy
Direct-
R
epresentative-
Which if these does
communism
fall under?Slide20
Economic Systems
All economies have to answer 3 basic questions
What and how many goods and services should be produced?
How should those goods and services be produced?
Who should receive those goods and services?
How an economic system answers these questions determines the type of system it is.Slide21
Traditional Economy
All 3 questions are answered by
habit and custom.
For example, among the Inuit tribe of Alaska and Canada, when a hunter successfully kills a seal or whale, the meat is distributed among all the families of his village.
What and how many goods and services should be produced?
Tradition (and resources) dictate a hunting/fishing economy, and that no more be taken than is needed.
How should those goods and services be produced?
Traditionally, men hunt.
Who should receive those goods and services?
Tradition dictates that hunters share their bounty with everyone.
This is the LEAST common economic system.
Where in Africa might you expect to find this economic system?Slide22
Market Economy (aka
capitalism
)
What and how many goods and services should be produced?
Supply and demand
determine what and how much will be produced.
How should those goods and services be produced?
Privately owned businesses determine this, based on
profitability
.
Who should receive those goods and services?
Anyone who can afford the purchase price of the goods or services.
This system is based on the idea of
free enterprise-
PROS: CONS:Slide23
Command Economy
What and how many goods and services should be produced?
Government decides
How should those goods and services be produced?
Government decides
Who should receive those goods and services?
Government distributes all goods and services.
PROS:
CONS:Slide24
Socialism vs. Communism
Socialism
: the government has a lesser degree of involvement in the economy. Socialism seeks 1) equitable distribution of wealth and economic opportunity, 2) social control of public goods (through government), 3) public (government) ownership of essential industries (like oil, gas, power, etc.).
The government doesn’t pick your job, and there is some private ownership of property
. Under
democratic socialism
(common in Western Europe), people have rights and can elect representatives.
Communism
: strict government control over every aspect of society, including the economy. Rule by one political party, usually through coercive measures. No private property, no individual decision-making, no inequality (in theory).Slide25
Mixed Economies
There are no purely capitalist or communist economic systems in the world. They are all a mix of the two, and
how much control is given to the government versus private individuals varies by the nation-state
.
For example, in the USA, the government provides some basic services-police, military, education, roads, firefighting, etc. which it distributes equally to all citizens (at least in theory). In addition, the social security, Medicare, and food stamp programs are all examples of the government deciding WHO gets to receive goods and services.
China is not really communist anymore either. Privately owned corporations produce many of China’s goods (still under strict regulation from the government) and people have many more options to buy goods on the market, not just take those goods distributed by the government. Slide26
Resources, Trade, and the Environment
Haves vs. Have
Nots
:
Management of
resources
is vital to any economic system.
What are resources?
Human resources
Capital
Natural resources
Renewable
NonrenewableSlide27
Economic Interdependency
Countries specialize in the economic activities best suited to their resources, and look to other nations to provide those resources they do not have.
4 types of economic activities:
Primary economic activities:
Secondary economic activities:
Tertiary economic activities:
Quaternary economic activities: Slide28
Influence of Multi-national CorporationsSlide29
Trade Agreements
World Trade Organization (WTO)
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
European Union (EU)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)