Islamic Civilization Abbasid Empire (762-1258 AD) - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Islamic Civilization

Abbasid Empire (762-1258 AD)Slide2

Geography

Encyclopædia Britannica Online

, Abbāsid Caliphate in the 9th century. May 2015, <

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/465/Abbasid-Dynasty/images-videos/187259/abbasid-caliphate-in-the-9th-century> (May 2015)

Abbasid Dynasty is now present day Syria and Iraq.

The muslim merchants linked the eastern hemisphere through a web of trade and sea routes.Social structure depended on which environment people lived in.

Julia Whytock

Anastasia KrauseSlide3

Historical Overview

The birth of Islam Timeline

570 AD

Muhammad born in Mecca610 AD Muhammad receives divine visions, establishes Islam (“submission to God”)

622 AD Flees Mecca with followers, settles in Medina

Beginning of Islamic calendar629 AD Muhammad leads pilgrimage to Mecca632 AD Muhammad dies, Abu Bakr succeeds as head of Islam By Muhammad death, Mecca, and the nomadic tribes of Arabia, converted to Islam.651 AD Muhammad followers compile the Qur'an Islams holy book

Garfield, Newman. Echoes from the Past, World History to the 16th Century. (Toronto: McGraw-Hill, 2007), 230.

History of the Ancient and Medieval World. Second Edition ed. (New York: Marshall Cavendish, 2009),736,752.

Katerina & KamranSlide4

Historical Overview

The spread of Islam

661 AD

Umayyads move to the Muslim capital from Damascus to Baghdad.680 AD Battle of Karbala, tension arises between Shi’ite and Sunni Muslims.

711 AD Arabs begin conquest of Spain.750 CE

Abu al-Abbas defeats Umayyads at Battle of Great Zab River; start of Abbasid dynasty786 CE Harun al- Rashid becomes a caliph; reigns until 809 CE.813 CE Al-Mamun becomes caliph; encourages study of Greek philosophy.945 CE Shi’ite Buyids seize power in Baghdad.1055 CE Seljuk Turks oust Buyids.

1258 CE

Hulagu Khan sacks Baghdad; end of Abbasid dynasty.

Garfield, Newman. Echoes from the Past, World History to the 16th Century. (Toronto: McGraw-Hill, 2007), 230. History of the Ancient and Medieval World. Second Edition ed. (New York: Marshall Cavendish, 2009),736,752.

Katerina & KamranSlide5

General Islamic Religion

1) Shahada: Testifying to God's Oneness

2) Salat: Prayer

3) Zakat: Giving charity4) Sawm: Fast5) Hajj: Pilgrimage

Five Pillars of Islam:

General Information

Anastasia Krause

Muhammad’s words are direct from God, not interpreted like Judaism and Christianity

Therefore, Muhammad was a prophet

those who accepted his message from God were Muslims (means “those who submit to god”)

God has sent messages to Abraham, Moses, and Jesus, but since they corrupted or misunderstood the messages, he sent them again to Muhammad to be understood clearly

Muslims are obligated to spread Islam, but peacefullySlide6

Major Themes

Social Stratification- Society’s categorization based on occupation, wealth, social status and derived power.

Expression of Values through art- Sacred values revealed displayed in art

Religion Connects to everyone- Unity in following the Qur’an

Julia WhytockSlide7

Basic Pillars of Economy

The basic pillars of the Abbasids economy are: agriculture, manufacturing, and commerce.

"

Abasids Claiphate Textiles." Index.html.n.d. <

http://sara.theellisschool.org/worldciv/museum2008/merediths/index.html

.>(May 7 2015)

"The David Collection." - The Abbasids. n.d.<

http://www.davidmus.dk/en/collections/islamic/dynasties/abbasiderne/art/10-1963

>(May 7 2015)

Katerina DiserisSlide8

Trade increases spread of culture

Danielle Trent, History Repeating, Unit 2: 600 to1450,n.d.<

http://historyrepeating.org/ap-world-history/unit-2-600-to-1450-ce/

>

(May 7, 2015)

Trade routes used by merchants during the Abbasid caliphate.

Katerina DiserisSlide9

Islamic Art Style and Conventions

Arabesque pattern, a common style form of Islamic art.

Organized System of Beliefs

Anastasia Krause

Yves Remedias, Wikimedia, Arabesque pattern at the Alhambra, January 2007, <

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atauriques.jpg

> (May 8, 2015).Slide10

Abbasid Caliphate Power and Religion

Organized System of Beliefs

Anastasia Krause

Historical/Cultural Advisory Group, Baghdad - Abbasid Palace, 1991, <

http://www.cemml.colostate.edu/cultural/09476/images/iraq05-008-02.jpg

> (May 8, 2015).

Abbasid Palace in BaghdadSlide11

Women in Abbasid

Women wore a full veil in the Abbasid Dynasty

Jennifer Spirk, Demand Media, The Status of Women in Islam During the Abbasid Empire, May 2002, <

http://people.opposingviews.com/status-women-islam-during-abbasid-empire-6097.html

> (May 7th 2015).

Julia WhytockSlide12

Roles of Women

A harem of women tending to male needs

Gender

Nasser Rasheed, Medievallists, Slave Girls Under the Early Abbasids, September 2006. <

http://www.medievalists.net/2012/09/06/slave-girls-under-the-early-abbasids/

> (May 7th 2015).

Julia WhytockSlide13

Education for Women/ Girls

A teacher in the Abbasid period (al- Mutaha)

Julia Whytock

Mohanned Raham, Word Bulletin, May 2004. <http://www.worldbulletin.net/history/131754/an-abbasid-education >(May 2015).Slide14

Marriage and Divorce

A wealthy couple in the Abbasid dynasty

Julia Whytock

Christina J, n.p, May 2004. <

http://sara.theellisschool.org/worldciv/museum2007/christinaj/index.html

> (May 2015).Slide15

Technology/Infrastructure

Kamran Soltanzadeh

Petersen, Andrew. "Samarra - the Abbasid Capital in Iraq « Islamic Arts and Architecture." Islamic Arts and Architecture. September 13, 2011. Accessed May 7, 2015.

http://islamic-arts.org/2011/samarra/. Slide16

Technology/ Infrastructure

Kamran Soltanzadeh

"Fragments of a 9th Century Quran « Islamic Arts and Architecture." Islamic Arts and Architecture. January 25, 2012. Accessed May 7, 2015.

http://islamic-arts.org/2012/fragments-of-a-9th-century-abbasid-quran/.

Fragments of an Abbasid Qurʼān, probably written in the third century A.H / ninth century C.E., containing verses from the suras: al-Dhārīyāt ,al-Najm, al-Qamar, and al-Raḥmān. This manuscript also contains fine examples of early geometrical ornamentation at the front and back.