wwweducationforumcouk In the 7 th century AD the new religion of Islam spread rapidly through the Middle East North Africa and even into Spain and Portugal Islamic territories united under one ruler or caliph ID: 596542
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Islamic Medicine Revision" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Islamic Medicine Revision
www.educationforum.co.uk
Slide2
In the 7
th
century AD the new religion of Islam spread rapidly through the Middle East, North Africa and even into Spain and Portugal. Islamic territories united under one ruler or caliphAround 750 -1050AD was known as the ‘golden age’ of this new Islamic empireAt a time of regression for medicine in Christian Western Europe there was a period of considerable progress for medicine in the Islamic Empire
The Islamic EmpireSlide3
RELIGION
– unlike Christianity the Islamic faith was less restrictive of medical practice – the Koran encouraged the study of medicine and not all dissection was forbidden. The Koran also made care for the sick a religious duty
GOVERNMENT – the strength, wealth and power of the empire made progress likely. Islam was ruled by a single man, the caliph from the capital BaghdadEDUCATION – the study of the ancient writings of Hippocrates and Galen was encouraged but was also
critical.
For instance Rhazes wrote a book called ‘Doubts on Galen’. Great libraries emerged across the empire but especially in BaghdadINDIVIDUALS – there was a number of significant Islamic individuals contributing to medicine – RHAZES, AVICENNA and ALBUCASIS were the three main onesWAR – the Islamic empire captured the old eastern capital of the old Roman empire Byzantium 1453 and began to laboriously translate the works of Hippocrates and Galen into Arabic – at a time when many of the Ancient works had been destroyed or lost in the West.
Factors Leading to ProgressSlide4
Compiled a full summary of all existing
medical
Knowledge “The Canon of Medicine” which included insights from the Ancients and from Islamic doctorsIt included chapters on eating disorders, obesity and thousands of drugs and herbs and their useHe travelled around the Arab Empire and spent time teaching and practising medicine in Cordoba, Spain. He was the first surgeon to describe the different parts of the eye
Avicenna’s book was
translated into Latin used as a standard textbook across Europe right up to the RenaissanceAVICENNASlide5
Rhazes was a
P
ersian doctor in a major hospital in Baghdad around 900ADHe built on the work of Hippocrates’ on clinical observation making extensive notes on skin colour, rash, cough, temperature etcIn his major work ‘Al-Hawi’ Rhazes was the first doctor to note the difference between measles and smallpox
RhazesSlide6
Worked in I
slamic Spain in around 936AD as a surgeon
Had great skills in amputations, removing bladder stones, dentistry (wooden dentures), how to set fractures and treat dislocations – far in advance of western Christian surgeryThe Islamic faith taught that surgery was allowed to relieve pain and suffering in contrast to Christianity where nearly all dissection and surgery was banned
AlbucasisSlide7
Anatomy – the doctor
Ibn
an-Nafis was able to study Galen critically and proved many of Galen’s conclusions were wrong long before VesaliusChemistry – the Arab doctors added many new drugs to general use such as laudanum (pain relief), senna (laxative), musk
(anti inflammatory and anti histamine)
, benzoin (anti bacterial resin), and camphor (anti fungal agent)Other ContributionsSlide8
Describe the contributions of 3 Arab doctors in the Middle Ages
Explain why Islamic medicine was superior to Christian medicine in the Middle Ages (use Factors)
Pair Share Questions