barroco Portuguese irregularly shaped pearl and rocaille shellFrench artificial shell for a garden Shift of power from royalty to the aristocrats French Academy dictates good taste in all things copied by other countries no WOMEN ALLOWED ID: 591031
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Slide1
Rococo-
barroco
( Portuguese- irregularly shaped pearl ) and
rocaille
-shell-French artificial shell for a garden)
Shift of power from royalty to the aristocrats-
French Academy dictates good taste in all things- copied by other countries (no WOMEN ALLOWED)
Rococo architecture unites all the arts into a coherent experience
Quintessential Rococo- Fete
Galante
’–
leisurely pursuits of the aristocracy; the GRAND TOUR and the SALONs
Strong school of satirical painting
European conquest of the world- Spain, France, England, Holland- all colonial powers- cost of maintenance
vs
gain
Settlers built Baroque and Rococo palaces- Power of France diminishes after death of Louis XIV. Focus in France on the upper class, not the royalty. New World that looks like the Old World
Patronage- Academy- taught- perspective, anatomy, realismSlide2
Court at Versailles begins to diminish in importance after Louis XIV death- paintings done more for the fashionable town house owners than the kings..
Discovery of Pompeii lead art historians like Johann
Wincklemann
to write The First Art History Book.
Renewed interest in the classics caused Academies to spring up everywhere and to a revival of the Classics.
Rococo Architecture
NO STRAIGHT LINES IN ARCHITECTURE------
Elegance and grace, pliable surfaces, undulating forms, uniting
architecture and
Painting and sculpture
No stained class- clear light to see the ceilings
Sculpture everywhere even in the paintings
Figures overhang the architecture and sculptural areas
MORE IS MORESlide3
Rococo Painting
No STRAIGHT LINES
No STRAIGHT FRAMES- all curvilinear
Spilled images coming out over the frames
Erotic, sensual in a TEASING MANNER
Rubenistes
over
Poussinistes
Slender forms, backs, shimmering clothes, bucolic settings
Location- gardens, copses, glens
ARCADIAN paintings
Pastel colors, spontaneous brushstrokes, backs of people with
Light and bucolic settings.
Work for Private Display- aristocrats
More domestic than Baroque-private
Fete
galante
- listen to music, taking a walkSlide4Slide5Slide6Slide7Slide8
18
th
century English Painting
Jonathan Swift- Dead Baby Essay- satire as a result of the Industrial Rev.
Voltaire and Candid
Hogarth is the forerunner of the political cartoon
Demonstrated the abuses of the upper class
These works were plain people shown in the most elegant of circumstances- The GRAND MANNER
Hogarth is a Series of satirical works made into prints.Slide9Slide10Slide11Slide12Slide13Slide14
NeoClassicism
– 1750-1815
Took the place of Rococo and rejected royalty and the aristocracy
Inspired by the un-
earthing
of Pompeii and Herculaneum
Johann
Winklemann’s
Book on Art History
Current Events and Portraits using Classical Allusions
Industrial Revolution encouraged the use of cast iron in architecture
As a base and behind the wood and marble.
Also encouraged the use of bronze- but marble stayed the “classical” look
Industrial Revolution brought out materials and science and technology but
Mechanized life and made life difficult for the workers
Intellectual transformations in philosophy and science in LOGIC AND OBSERVATOIN
Denis Diderot- 52 Volume Encyclopedia in France
Samuel Johnson Dictionary in England 1755
Jean-Jacque Rousseau- Social Contract- the will of the people in Government- 1762
Declaration of Independence in 1776- JeffersonSlide15
Rome was the respected past and artists came to look and emulate with a modern touch
Rococo was decadent-
Winklemann
said that Rome was PURE!
Artists were trained traditionally and took the Grand Tour of Italy
Submitted work to the Academy for the
Salons- the Academy
would select a few for excellence- that meant the price of your work would go up
and more would want your pieces
Accepted for public viewing- in this order
History
Mythology
Religion
Portraits
Landscape
Genre
Still life
ARCHITECTURE INNOVATION:
Cast iron- hidden and used structurally
CLEVER USE OF CLASSICAL principles tailored to 18
th
century living
Palladio and Jones
Symmetry balance order and composition
Themes in each room – colors or
history ( White House) Slide16Slide17Slide18Slide19Slide20
NeoClassical
Sculpture –
Bronze was cheap and used before the Industrial Revolution.
Mass production
of
metal-Cause
the price to fall and the price of marble to rise. Because of
Winklemann
and the
discovery of Pompeii artists though that the RIGHT material to use
was Marble.
They
thoughts that the Romans
preferred
white marble and uncolored
marble and
tht
The
Romans had sculpture standing with a contrapposto and something to hold them
up.
Pantheon statures were discovered and the Elgin Marbles came to Britain.
Houdon saw this style as carrying on the work of the ancient traditions.Slide21Slide22
Neo- Classical Painting
Accepted for public viewing- in this order
History
Mythology
Religion
Portraits
Landscape
Genre
Still life
Stories of antiquity spoke to the 18
th
Century.
Exemplum
Virtutis
helped to elevate
these
works. Symmetrical, linear perspective, invisible brushstrokes and layers.Slide23Slide24Slide25Slide26