PPT-Understanding the dynamics of labor income inequality in Latin America

WB PRWP 7795 Carlos RodríguezCastelán World Bank LuisFelipe LópezCalva World Bank Nora Lustig Tulane University Daniel Valderrama Georgetown University IEA 18 th World Congress. (Master PPD & APE, Paris School of Economics). Thomas Piketty. Academic year 2014-2015 . Lecture 5: The structure of inequality: labor income. (. Tuesday November 4. th. 2014). (check . on line. Chapter 20. Latin American Background. Peoples of Latin America. Peninsulares. - . Spanish-born whites (highest class). Creole. - colonial-born whites (minority). Mestizo. - mixed European and Indigenous descent (majority) . Matter; How . Does it Differ to Focussing on . Poverty?. Duncan Green. Oxfam GB. Ambedkar. University. November 2013. What do we mean by Poverty?. Absolute v Relative income. Multidimensional – narrow (. Revolution and Reaction into the 21. st. Century . By: Roman Gonzalez, . Clark . Lurot. and . Veronica . Pasamante. . Overview. Latin America not as involved w/ WWII . Cold war  new revolutionary motives. Dr Max Price. Vice-Chancellor. University of Cape Town. OUTLINE. Examine trends post-apartheid (since 1994). Income inequality. Overall, by race, by gender. Poverty . Overall, by race, by gender. Composition of income and impact of social grants. Twenty-First . Century. Joseph E. Stiglitz. International Economic Association World Congress. Mexico City. June 2017. What is to be explained?. Enormous increase in inequality in income and wealth over past third of a century. Colonization of Latin America. Before Europeans arrived the Maya, Aztec, and Inca civilizations ruled different parts of today’s Latin America. These indigenous people had developed their own cultures with unique languages and religions.. André Hofman, Claudio Aravena and Jorge Friedman. World KLEMS, 23-24 May, 2016. Content of the presentation. Introduction. GDP . dynamics in Latin America, 1990-2014.. Decomposition of . GDP with respect labor, considering . Robert Reich. A . Graphical. Look . at. . Economic. Inequality. Robert Reich Poses 3 Questions. What is happening in terms of the distribution of income and wealth?. Why?. Is that a problem?. 6/19/2015. 1. Alan Berube. UNLV/Brookings Mountain West. April . 6, . 2016. 2. The Brookings Metro Program focuses on the well-being of major U.S. cities and . metros with . active . work in . 40 regions and states. David Bell, David Comerford and David Eiser. Overview. Inequality and social justice central to the independence debate. This paper considers the effectiveness of different policy levers in influencing inequality. 1848. 1923. 1901. 1985. 1903. 1984. Pareto. Kuznets. Tinbergen. 1823. 1772. Ricardo. 1818. 1883. Marx. 1971. Piketty. 1884. 1887. 1965. Dalton. Gini. 1962. Atkinson. 1944. 2017. Smith. 1790. 1723. Functional income distribution. class. and . status. How popular myths about . human nature . and . capabilities. are used to justify inequality. How we can tackle inequality and why it is vital we do so if we are to make the . transition to sustainable wellbeing. Sam . Levitus. . and Professor David Schaffer. Department of Economics, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire. Background and Overview of Research.  . There has been much attention given to income inequality within the U.S. labor market, especially recently. From the huge amount of discussion and debate about wage inequality (from both the political left and the right), two salient points emerge: that the U.S. labor market shows a far more unequal distribution of wages than the labor markets of other developed countries, and that the overall U.S. wage structure has become dramatically more unequal over the past several decades. We were ill-equipped to investigate the first claim but sought to thoroughly analyze the second, paying particular attention to the components of wage inequality—and their relative importance—in recent years. To accomplish this, we performed several statistical analyses on survey data from the U.S. Census Bureau (we did not use any data from other countries for either analysis or comparison). Our results do indeed confirm the second claim; by every single measurement we used, wages are far more unequal today than they were in the past. In particular, the top few percentiles have made large gains over the past forty years, while most other workers’ wages have been nearly stagnant.