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www.BrundageGroup.com All materials contained in this document are protected and the property of Brundage Medical Group, LLC, d/b/a Brundage Group, and may not be reproduced, republished, distributed, transmitted, displayed, broadcast or otherwise exploited in any manner witho ut the express prior written permission of Brundage Group. You may use this material for your personal or non - commercial use only, without altering or removing any notice from such material. Brundage Group’s names and logos and all other intellectual prope rty are the sole property of Brundage Group and cannot be used without its express prior written permission. Encephalopathy Encephalopathy is defined as global cerebral dysfunction in the absence of structural brain disease. This diagnosis may be caused by infection, metabolic disorders, mitochondrial disorders, brain tumor, brain pressure, chronic progressive trauma, poor nutr ition, lack of oxygen to brain or prolonged exposure to toxic elements. Types of Encephalopathy include : Septic Encephalopathy Metabolic Encephalopathy Toxic Encephalopathy Hypertensive Encephalopathy Hepatic Encephalopathy Anoxic Encephalopathy Hypoglycemic Encephalopathy Traumatic Encephalopathy When caring for a patient with altered mentation, consider if the patient ’ s altered mental status is due to one of the above conditions/diagnose s. Encephalopathy is a highly audited diagnosis due to o ver use and over coding. The diagnosis should warrant treatm ent of the underlying condition. Beware if the patient has dementia or mental status changes due to medication administration: simple confusion, lethargy or so mnolence is not encephalopathy . This documentation will support your patient being as sick on paper as they are in the bed. Reference: http://www.uptodate.com/contents/acute - toxic - metabolic - encephalopathy - in - adults Chen, R, Young, GB. Metabolic Encephalopathies. In: Bolton, CF, Young, GB, (Eds), Baillere's Clinical Neurology, Balliere Tin dall, London 1996. p.577.