Vectorborne Diseases Unit Last Updated May 2023 What is a mosquitoborne disease and why should you care about it People can get a mosquitoborne disease when they are bitten by a mosquito that is infected with a disease agent ID: 1046956
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1. Mosquitoes and Mosquitoborne Diseases of MinnesotaVectorborne Diseases UnitLast Updated May 2023
2. What is a mosquitoborne disease and why should you care about it?People can get a mosquitoborne disease when they are bitten by a mosquito that is infected with a disease agentMosquitoborne diseases are a large threat to human health around the world and right here in MinnesotaPersonal protection methods can help keep you and your family safe from mosquito bites and the diseases they carry
3. Goals of PresentationUnderstand how mosquitoes liveBe aware of the diseases spread by mosquitoes in MinnesotaRecognize basic signs and symptoms Seek early diagnosis and treatmentKnow when and where mosquitoborne disease risk is highestPractice mosquito bite prevention methodsKnow who to contact for more information
4. Mosquitoes in MinnesotaMN is home to about 51 species of mosquitoesApproximately half will feed on peopleOnly a few of these species are able to spread disease
5. Mosquito Life Cycle
6. What are the symptoms of a mosquitoborne disease?Most people have no symptoms at allFor people who do become sick, mosquitoborne diseases have similar symptomsSymptoms usually show up within 1-2 weeks of being bitten by an infected mosquitoWatch for symptoms like:FeverHeadacheStiff neckRashDisorientationSeizures
7. How are mosquitoborne diseases diagnosed?If you think that you may have a mosquitoborne disease, contact your health care provider as soon as possibleYour health care provider can determine if you have a mosquitoborne disease based on your:History of being around mosquitoes or mosquito habitatPhysical examinationLaboratory tests
8. Are mosquitoborne diseases treatable?Not exactlyMost illnesses go away on their ownViruses are not treated with antibiotics so treatment involves supportive careSome patients with more serious symptoms may require hospitalization
9. Top 3 Mosquitoborne Diseases in MinnesotaWest Nile Virus DiseaseLa Crosse EncephalitisJamestown Canyon Virus Disease
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11. West Nile Virus DiseaseFirst case identified in Minnesota in 2002Culex tarsalis is the main mosquito of concern Its habitat includes open agricultural land and prairieDisease is most severe in elderly patients or those with weakened immune systems Most cases occur later in the summer
12. West Nile Virus Disease Risk in MinnesotaSource: Ecological Sections of Minnesota, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR)
13. La Crosse EncephalitisIdentified for the first time in 1964Aedes triseriatus is main mosquito species of concern in MinnesotaIts habitat includes treeholes and other water-holding containers in wooded or shaded areas The disease primarily affects children 16 years of age or youngerMost cases occur later in the summer
14. La Crosse Encephalitis Risk in Minnesota Minnesota La Crosse Encephalitis Cases, 1985-2021Source: Ecological Sections of Minnesota, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR)
15. Jamestown Canyon Virus DiseaseThe virus was first identified in Colorado in 1961Snowmelt Aedes mosquitoes are likely the main species of concern in MinnesotaWooded and shaded areas provide the best habitat for these mosquitoesPersons of any age may become sick More severe disease may occur in older patients or those with weakened immune systemsCases occur during warmer months of the year, from May through September
16. Jamestown Canyon Virus Disease Risk in Minnesota Minnesota Jamestown Canyon virus disease cases, 2013-2021Source: Ecological Sections of Minnesota, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR)
17. Other Potential Mosquitoborne Diseases in MinnesotaEastern Equine Encephalitis VirusSt. Louis Encephalitis VirusWestern Equine Encephalitis Virus
18. Travel-Associated Mosquitoborne Diseases Affecting MinnesotansChikungunyaDengueMalariaYellow FeverZika
19. Protect Yourself from Mosquitoborne Diseases1) Know when and where you’re at riskPrimarily July through SeptemberOpen, agricultural areas – West Nile virusWooded areas – La Crosse & Jamestown Canyon viruses2) Wear EPA-registered bug sprayDEET 20-30% on skin or clothingPermethrin 0.5% on clothing3) Dress in appropriate clothingWear loose-fitting, long-sleeved shirts and pants
20. Protect Your Family from Mosquitoborne DiseasesRemove mosquito breeding habitatFrequently empty or remove water holding containers like:Flower potsBird bathsFountains and kiddie poolsTiresRemove debris from gutters to prevent stagnant waterMake sure tarps are tight to prevent pooling water
21. Thank You!Vectorborne Diseases Unit651-201-5414health.bugbites@state.mn.uswww.health.state.mn.us/mosquitoes