4 Main Types of Flowers Line flowers Long slender spikes of blossoms with flowers blooming along the stem Can also include bare stems Used to establish the skeleton or outline of the arrangement ID: 912232
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Slide1
Principles of Floral Design
4 Main Types of Flowers
Slide2Line flowers
Long, slender spikes of blossoms with flowers blooming along the stem.
Can also include bare stems.
Used to establish the skeleton or outline of the arrangement.
Determine height and width of the arrangement.
Slide3Slide4Mass flowers
Single stem flowers with large, rounded heads.
Also used when no line flowers are present to create outline of arrangement.
Sometimes used as the focal point or main flower of an arrangement.
Slide5Slide6Filler flowers
Used to fill gaps between mass flowers.
Give depth to the arrangement.
Should compliment the mass and line flowers
They are bunchy or feathery (so ferns fall here).
Usually the most inexpensive part of the arrangement.
Slide7Slide8Form flowers
These flowers have an unusual or distinctive shape.
They also help create the focal point.
They need to be separated within the arrangement so they maintain their identity and uniqueness.
Never bunch form flowers together.
Many times they can stand alone such as in corsages and boutonnieres.
Slide9Slide10Elements & Principles
of Floral Design
Slide11Elements of Floral Design
Line
Form
Space
Texture
Pattern
Fragrance
Size
Color
Slide12Line
The visual pathway that directs eye movement through a composition
Distance between two points
Slide13Slide14Line directions:
Vertical lines
—stress height and suggest power and strength
Horizontal lines
—stress width and are peaceful and calm, provide a sense of stability
Diagonal line
—dynamically energetic, causing more eye movement. Use sparingly
Curved line
—suggest motion, but are softer, more comforting. Eye moves quickly through design.
Slide15Vertical line--
Power and strength
Slide16Horizontal line
Peaceful and calm
Slide17Diagonal
line
Dynamically
energetic, suggest motion
Slide18Curved
line
Softer
suggestion of motion
Slide19Form
the shape or configuration of an individual component of the composition. The overall, three-dimensional, geometric shape or configuration of a floral composition.
Slide20Slide21Slide22Slide23Space
the area in, around, and between the components of the design, defined by the three-dimensional area occupied by the composition.
Positive space
Negative space
Slide24Slide25Slide26Texture
The surface quality of a material, as perceived by sight or touch
Smooth, coarse, waxy, rough, delicate, velvety
Slide27Slide28Texture
Slide29Texture
Slide30Texture
Slide31Pattern
A repeated combination of line, form, color, texture, and/or space.
Variegated markings, speckles
Any element used more than once
Slide32Pattern
Slide33Pattern—what is repeated
Slide34Fragrance
A sweet or pleasing odor, perceived by the sense of smell.
heightens our awareness
increases sensory enjoyment
triggers memory
Slide35Using all 5 senses
Slide36Slide37Slide38Slide39Slide40Size
The physical dimensions of line, form, or space
First considerations
Emotional aspect
Slide41Color
The visual response of the eye to reflected rays of light
most important design element
Optical sensation, originating in the brain’s perception of light energy reflected to the eye from a pigmented surface.
Emotional response
Slide42Color
Slide43Principles of Floral Design
Principles of design-fundamental guidelines to aesthetic design that govern the organization of the elements and materials in accordance with the laws of nature. Some
primary principals
of design are associated with related
secondary principles
of design.
Slide44Principles
of Floral Design
Balance
Proportion
Scale
Dominance
Emphasis
Focal Area
Accent
Rhythm
Depth
Repetition
Transition
Contrast
Opposition
Tension
Variation
Harmony
Unity
Slide45Balance
gives a sense of equilibrium and repose,
a feeling of three-dimensional stability.
.
Physical also known as mechanical balance—sound
Visual balance—sense of equilibrium
Slide46Easily falls over
Or looks like it will easily tip over
Slide47Visually balanced
Slide48Balance
symmetrical balance
—known as formal balance, flowers are repeated on opposite sides of the floral arrangement. Using an imaginary central axis, one side of the arrangement is the mirror image of the other.
Asymmetrical balance
—known as informal balance. Formed by placing unequal visual weight on each side of a central vertical axis.
Slide49Balance
Radial balance
—radiate from a central point like the spokes of a wheel or the rays of the sun.
Slide50Symmetrical-one side mirrors the other
Asymmetrical-two sides are dissimilar but have equal visual weight or equal eye attraction which creates visual balance
Slide51Symmetrical vs. Asymmetrical
Slide52Slide53Radial Balance
Radial balance--Not separate from symmetrical or asymmetrical,
but merely a fine distinction of one or the other
Slide54Radial Balance
Slide55Symmetrical but too perfect—rendering a contrived and fake appearance
Slide56Near symmetrical
Not symmetrical in placement but arranged in a near-symmetrical pattern to form a balanced, formal shape
Slide57Proportion
The comparative relationship in size, quantity, and degree of emphasis among components within the composition; the relationship of one portion to another, or of one portion to the whole.
design should be 1 ½ to 2 times the height or width of the container
Slide58Greek golden section in which the ration of vase to flowers is
3 to 5 or roughly 5 to 8
Slide59Golden mean refers to the division of a line somewhere
between ½ and 1/3 its length
Flower design slightly off center
Slide60Overall size of a floral arrangement or its parts
compared with other objects or their parts.
Scale floral elements with each other
Slide61Scale
The relative ratio of size, or the relationship of the size of a composition to the surrounding area or environment.
Slide62Arrangements should fit on the table physically and visually and be in proportion to the surrounding area
Slide63Slide64Small table small room small arrangement
Slide65Large to permit viewing from a distance
Slide66Dominance
The visual organization within a design that emphasizes one or more aspects. When one element is emphasized, others are subordinate.
Slide67Emphasis
The special attention or importance given to one or more areas within a design.
Directs
eye to more important areas
Slide68Focal Area
The area of greatest visual impact or weight
; the center of interest to which the eye is most naturally drawn.
Center of gravity or balance
Where eye is drawn
Where the eye rests
One element different than others
Slide69Slide70Focal Point
Slide71Focal Point
Slide72Focal Point
Slide73Accent
Detail added to a design to provide additional interest, affecting the total character of the composition.
Enlivens
Dash of something
Slide74Accessories
Slide75Accent
Slide76Accent
Slide77Slide78Rhythm
Flow or movement characterized by regular recurrence of elements or features
Use repeated patterns and graceful spacing.
The goal is to create a visual pathway that leads the viewer’s eye around and through the design, then back to the focal point.
Slide79Slide80Depth
T
hree-dimensional arrangement
overlap or angle flowers
place bright, dark flowers on the bottom of the arrangement, lighter and smaller at the top
Slide81Slide82Repetition
The recurrence of like elements within a composition
Slide83Slide84Repetition
Slide85Transition
The ease of visual movement which results from gradual degrees of change among one or more of the elements
Slide86Slide87Contrast
Emphasis by means of difference
.
Slide88Contrast--color
Slide89Opposition
Contrast between elements which are counterpoint in relation to each other.
Call attention to each other by being opposite whereas contrast is simply different from each other
Slide90Slide91Opposition—black & white
Slide92Contrast in color simplest way to create strong focal point
Slide93Tension
Implying or suggesting a sense of energy
Polarity—drawn together or pushed apart
Knot a leaf-energy has been exerted or applied
New bulb forcing out of soil
Ready to spring or snap
Slide94Tension—something is waiting to happen
Slide95Slide96Slide97Variation
Dissimilarity among attributes or characteristics.
Diversity among elements
Vary stages of development
All one color of flower, but different flowers
Slide98Proximity-combining flowers into one design
Repetition-repeating similar elements such as color
Transition-providing a gradual change from one part of a design to another
Slide99Harmony
Compatibility; a pleasing or congruent arrangement of parts.
All parts should go together or “harmonize” with each other.
Slide100Lack a sense of harmony
Slide101Harmony by added accessories which support football or homecoming theme
Slide102All component parts of a floral composition should harmonize with one another. It is vital that the flowers in a design are compatible with one another in order to support an overall design style.
Slide103Terra-cotta post and blush tones flowers create a casual garden ambiance for this celebration setting. Harmony of the parts displays unity in design
Slide104Unity
--the state of being one, united, or complete in itself.
The arrangement is seen as a whole piece instead of only individual parts.
Oneness of purpose, thought, style, and spirit.
Slide105Accessories
Candles
Plums, kiwi enhance an overall harmonious theme
Slide106Examples of Line and Sticks Design Assignment
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