Buenos Aires, Argentina 20-24 March 2017 - PowerPoint Presentation

1. Buenos Aires, Argentina20-24 March 2017 Integrity of UGSCommittee: StorageFabien FAVRET (EDF, France)Mail: fabien.favret@edf.fr Mob: +33 (0) 607798125

2. Existing codes, norms and standards for safe UGSBest practices for UGS safe operationsEDF/Geostock case study in UKFUELING THE FUTURE WITH GAS2Topics

3. Introduction to UGS safe operationsWorld-wide existing codes, norms and standards for UGSFrom design, construction, operation & maintenance and even abandonmentWhich has been established by experts of the domain: operators, notified bodies (DNV, …) , gas associations, government executives, … mostly since the 90’sSome examples:EU : EN 1918-1/5:1998, 1918-2: 2014, ISO/TS 16530-2:2014, NORSOK D-010 (2004) and various others from/for specific countries as an ex: Oil & Gas Well Integrity Guidelines in UK, …USA: API 1170 & API 1171 established in 2015Russian Federation: Safety rules in oil and gas industry, Gazprom standards 2-3.5-770-2013 or 2-2.3-696-2013, Rules of UGS safety, Federal standard 123.13330.2012, …

4. Norms, standards and codesThese norms/standards provide:Guidelines and/or philosophy for insuring mainly:Risks assessments and management (QRA approaches to include HAZID, HAZCON & HAZOP [process] as a base to mitigate risks)Subsurface integrity management To be implemented using a case by case approach

5. Norms, standards and codes

6. Norms, standards and codesAPI 1170 (US) main content:  salt cavernsGeological EvaluationsWell DesignDrillingSolution MiningOperationsIntegrity Monitoring  not detailedAbandonment

7. Norms, standards and codesAPI 1171 (US) main content:  porous reservoirsGeneral PrinciplesFunctional Integrity in Reservoir Design Functional Integrity in Well Design and ConstructionRisk Management for Storage Operations’Integrity Demonstration, Verification and Monitoring  not detailedSafety, Security and Emergency ResponseProcedures and Training

8. Norms, standards and codesRussian (CIS) main requirements for wells:General Principles: well architecture, cementing job in annulus, SSSV, …Functional Integrity of wells:MAOP for casing, tubing, annulus, reservoirs,Annulus pressure measurement and follow-upWells testing by gas-hydrodynamic & geophysical investigationsWell testing and productivity analysis & interpretation:DefectsCasing leak…Safety distance between wells and other infrastructures (buildings, forests, …)…

9. Norms, standards and codesISO EN 1918/1-5:2014 (EU) main content:General Principles for Design, Construction, Testing, Commissioning, Operation and Maintenance of UGSWells:Recommended design & completion: packer/tubing, landing nipplesSSSV2x barrier philosophy Wells integrity management via peridodic inspections such as check of annulus pressures, corrosion/erosion checks via casing inspections, integrity of barriers (SSSV, wellhead, …) not exhaustively detailed

10. Norms, standards and codesISO EN 16530-1&2 (Well Integrity):2014 (EU) main content:Well integrity management system definition: Well operator shall have well integrity management system (WIMS) for all wellsEach Well Operator shall ensure that sufficient resources in their organizations are available to manage well integrity effectively during the operational life cycle of the well Operator entire well inventoryWell barrier envelope: Combination of one or several well barrier elements that together constitute a method of containment of fluids within a well that prevent uncontrolled flow of fluids within, or out of a wellWell operator shall by able to demonstrate the status of the well barriers envelopes for each well &type The general sphere of well integrity monitoring are: well operating and components limits, well components status, annular pressure management, …

11. Norms, standards and codesNORSOK standard D010:2004 main content:Well integrity definition: Application of technical, operational and organizational solutions to reduce risk of uncontrolled release of formation fluids throughout the life cycle of a wellManagement of well integrity has to be implemented during all the phases of well life; it starts from well design, continues during its construction, is constantly implemented during the production phase, and is part of the final abandonmentWell barrier: Envelope of one or several dependent barrier elements preventing fluids or gases from flowing unintentionally from the formation into another formation or surface

12. UGS safe operationsThese norms/standards provide:In most of the countries even if these norms/standards are mandatory, it is the responsibility of operators to define how to implement themIn most of the countries, it is also the responsibility of the operator to (annually) declare to the local/national administration what is going on for each UGS site: O&M activities, incidents, accidents, heavy maintenance or repair, …In addition, in most of the countries selective inspections are usually led on site by notified bodies or administrations to control this declaration in-situ

13. UGS safe operationsThese norms/standards:Are usually mandatory for new UGS projects and the 2 safety barriers philosophy is more and more developed and/or imposed (ex: in EU)But not for existing ones (usually no retroactive application)Then it is the solely operators decision to decide to apply or not new codes/norms on its existing assets  and if necessary to implement action plans

14. UGS safe operationsThese norms/standards are necessary to develop framework guidelines for safe UGS operationsEven if it is the operators responsibility to implement themBut a (strong & efficient) control loop should be also in place (by local/national administrations) for checking periodically:the implementation of the rules/norms/standards by UGS operatorsthe technical expertise/skills & organization of UGS operators when they are applying for a UGS license but also all along the UGS life-time

15. Case study EDF/Geostockcooperation in UK on salt cavernsIn conjunction with: Wells MonitoringSubsidence monitoring Micro-seismic monitoringAnd based on the PVT model, EdF is developing methods, to check the integrity of a cavern (and for porous reservoir) with: Leak detection Structural abnormal behavior (high creep, shape disorder, ...)All these techniques are used in Hill-Top and Hole-House facilities to guarantee the integrity of wells and caverns Any abnormal situation to be tracked, checked and explained through the subsurface monitoring system, to lead to specific recommendations: To continue normal gas operations (green light) To implement careful gas operations (orange light)  limited ranges of pressure and flow-rates To stop immediately gas operations (red light)  further investigations to be done such as P/T logs, sonars, ...

16. Well Integrity Management System ?

17. WIMS Typical Workflow

18. The 2 main pillars for WIMS

19. WIMS – Monitoring IntegrityEXEMPLE

20. Microseismic monitoring

21. Advanced microseismic monitoring

22. Matching and using aPVT model in UK

23. Leak detection using a PVT model in UKSetting the scene from cavern tightness test criterias:Equivalent (density @ 0.7 kg/m3) gas leak test “acceptable” rates: SMRI = 50 kg/d  70 m3(n)/d = 3 m3(n)/h Germany = 30 kg/d  40 m3(n)/d = 1.8 m3(n)/h Experience  7 kg/d  10 m3(n)/d = 0.4 m3(n)/h

24. Simulation of a leakon April 1st @ 3 m3(n)/hNo leakWith leakSign of leakafter 1 monthObvious leakafter 3 months

25. PVT tool for asset integritymanagementSubsurface monitoring using PVT simplified tool is proven @ wellheadIn Germany with this model, range of pressures has been increased in 2014 from 60/203 bar to 50/208 bar by mining authority Subsurface integrity management seems also theoretically feasible: No risk of confusion with mismatch (no pattern) Different signatures for different events Ex: creep signature ≠ leak signature But:To be implemented in conjunction of other methods (subsidence, m-seismic)Prototype in operation in UK since December 1016

26. THANK YOUQUESTIONS?