INDEX Anthropometry generally refers to measurement of physical attributes of the human body It is a vital tool in the identification of physical variations among different humans amp races Body mass index BMI is a key anthropometric index ID: 928890
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Slide1
ANTHROPOMETRY/ BODY MASS INDEX
Anthropometry generally refers to measurement of physical attributes of the human body.
It is a vital tool in the identification of physical variations among different humans & races
Body mass index (BMI) is a key anthropometric index
Other indices include;
Hip size
Waist size
Waist-Hip ratio (Waist circumference divided by Hip circumference)
Thigh length
Abdominal girth (Widest circumference around the abdomen). Etc.
Slide2WAIST-HIP RATIO (WHR)WHR is a good indicator of level of obesity in humansAlso good in predicting other health hazards
According to WHO:
WHR ˃ 0.90 (Male) or ˃ 0.86 (Female) indicates abdominal obesity
Meaning people with ‘
apple-shaped bodies
’ (more weight around the waist) have higher health risk than people with ‘
pear-shaped bodies
(more weight around the hips)
WHR is correlated with;
Cardiac health (Worse with higher WHR)
Diabetes (Ditto)
Fertility (Ditto)
P
rostate & testicular cancer (Higher risk with WHR above 0.90)
E
strogen level (Lower with higher WHR) etc.
Slide3APPLE AND PEAR SHAPED BODIES (Courtesy the Irish news)
Slide4Courtesy womenshealth.northwestern.edu
Slide5BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)Also called Quetelet index
Is a measure of human body shape based on mass & height
Calculated with the formula;
BMI = Mass (kg)/(Height in
metres
)
2
The standard unit of measurement is Kg/m
2
BMI measures the amount of deviation of an individual’s weight from the normal for his/her height
Slide6Detailed categorization of BMI includes;
Very severe underweight → ˂ 15 Kg/m
2
Severe underweight → 15 – 16 Kg/m
2
Underweight → 16 – 18.5 Kg/m
2
Normal → 18.5 – 25 Kg/m
2
Overweight → 25 – 30 Kg/m
2
Moderate obesity (Class I) → 30 – 35 Kg/m
2
Severe obesity (Class II) → 35 – 40 Kg/m
2
Very severe obesity (Class III) → ˃ 40Kg/m
2
Slide7BMI IN CHILDRENIn individuals below 20years, BMI is calculated using same parameters but interpretation is by comparison with tabulated valuesTabulated chart contains data from other children of same age & gender
Interpreted by finding the percentile on the appropriate chart
Appropriate chart is the normal for that particular age, sex & race
BMI less than 5
th
percentile is considered underweight
BMI above 95
th
percentile is obese
BMI between 85
th
and 95
th
percentile is overweight
Slide8IMPLICATIONS OF ABNORMAL BMIOverweight and obese individuals are prone to;Hypertension
Stroke
Dyslipidemia
Type II diabetes
Heart diseases
Osteoarthritis
Sleep
apnoea
Gall bladder diseases
Cancers etc.
Underweight may imply malnutrition and high risk of infections
Slide9THANK YOU
NB; Collate your questions for discussion on our zoom class later please