Consequences Unpacked Consequences – Result – Effect of Action - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2018-09-18

Consequences Unpacked Consequences – Result – Effect of Action - PPT Presentation

Should be naturallogical Should be linked directly to desired child behavior Should be timely immediate Should not be arbitrary threatening or punitive Should provide feedback Always use ID: 669499

child behavior rights reserved behavior child reserved rights consequences positive 2013 punishment removal reinforcement desired event child

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Slide1

Consequences Unpacked

Consequences – Result – Effect of ActionShould be natural/logicalShould be linked directly to desired child behaviorShould be timely (immediate)Should not be arbitrary, threatening, or punitiveShould provide feedbackAlways use prevention strategiesAlways emphasize replacement behaviors Always emphasize teaching a skillUse consequences that increase desired vs. trying to decrease undesiredConsequences become the next Antecedent in a learning spiral“It is not about this time, it is about next time” Lori Lynn and Dr. Smith

Examples of Consequences

(something added to strengthen)Positive Feedback - giving information about a child’s abilities and attempts to succeed (encouragement)That’s a cool way to make a zoo for the animals.You’ve done a great job starting to put all the toys put away – keep going.Descriptive Praise - using words that describe the specific behavior for which the child is being praised – avoids evaluation terms (e.g., good, well, great)You shared the blocks with your friends who are also building a zoo.

You cleaned up and didn’t even need my help.

Recognition

and Affirmation – focusing on the process the child used to produce or act or how the child is feeling at the momentYou created a zoo that can house many different animals.You put all the toys where they go.

Consequences Concluded

All consequences (those to strengthen or those to weaken) should aim to be logical and/or natural making a child aware of the automatic results of an action acting in a way that makes sense according to the behavior demonstrated by the childUse Consequences to Teach and to Build RelationshipsBe consistent, be non-evaluative, be positive, be preventative

Use

reinforcement that is

reinforcingPowerful from the child’s perspectiveUnderstandable from the child’s perspective

Two Ways to Strengthen or Increase

Desired BehaviorReinforcement is any event that strengthens or increases the behavior it follows. There are two kinds of reinforcers:Positive reinforcers are favorable events or outcomes that are presented after the behavior. In situations that reflect positive reinforcement, a response or behavior is strengthened by the addition of something, such as praise or a direct reward.Negative reinforcers involve the removal of an unfavorable events or outcomes after the display of a behavior. In these situations, a response is strengthened by the removal of something considered unpleasant.Definitions taken directly from http://psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/a/introopcond.htm by Kendra Cherry

Two Ways to Weaken or Decrease Undesired Behavior

Punishment, on the other hand, is the presentation of an adverse event or outcome that causes a decrease in the behavior it follows. There are two kinds of punishment:Positive punishment, sometimes referred to as punishment by application, involves the presentation of an unfavorable event or outcome in order to weaken the response it follows.Negative punishment, also known as punishment by removal, occurs when an favorable event or outcome is removed after a behavior occurs.Definitions taken directly from http://psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/a/introopcond.htm by Kendra Cherry© 2013 All Rights ReservedSlide6

Positive Reinforcement

(something added)Positive Feedback - giving information about a child’s abilities and attempts to succeed (encouragement)Descriptive Praise - using words that describe the behavior for which the child is being praisedRecognition and Affirmation – focusing on the process the child used to produce or act or how the child is feeling at the momentLogical and/or Natural Consequences – making a child aware of the automatic results of an action

acting in a way that makes

sense

according to the behavior demonstrated by the childUse Feedback to Teach and to Build RelationshipsBe consistent, be non-evaluative, be positiveAsk follow up questionsUse reinforcement that is reinforcing – meaning powerful and that the child can understand

Negative Reinforcement

(something subtracted)Think removal, avoidance, stopping of an adverse stimuli/situation/conditionEscape – removal/stoppingAvoidance – somewhat preventativeStill strengthens or increases the desired behaviorStill logical – often can be in the form of a choice (reminder of choice is the prevention strategy)© 2013 All Rights ReservedSlide8

Punishment

Decreases behavior by adding or subtractingExamplesReprimandsScoldingTalking toys awayTalking privileges awaySpankingPhysical restraintAre often arbitrary, not directly linked to the behavior, and child may not understand the choices© 2013 All Rights ReservedSlide9

Consequences Unpacked