Phrenology Greeks SocratesPlato Aristotle started asking how the body and mind were related Rene Descartes I think therefore I am Innate meaning we are born with it ID: 595423
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Pseudoscience:Phrenology:Greeks Socrates/Plato /Aristotle: started asking how the body and mind were related? Rene Descartes: “I think therefore I am”Innate: meaning we are born with it.John Locke: Disagreed with Rene and said that we are born with certain knowledge and principles that help us to become part of society.Tabula Rasa: Charles Darwin: 1. Theory of Natural Selection: 2. Published Origin of SpeciesGestalt: (The whole is Greater than the sum of its parts)
4 Goals of Psychology:
1. D 2. E 3. P 4. I
The scientific method is used to reduce errors and biases.A theory is a proposed explanation. In Psychology we will be studying different theories.Hypothesis moves from an educated guess to a predication between Relationships between variables
Psychology is Empirical:
Idea that what we know comes from experience, observation/experimentation.Give def. and ex. Of each:Applied Research:Basic Research:
Modern Psychology’s RootsWilhelm Wundt Remember these 3 things: 1. 2. 3. Introspection:Structuralism: Edward Titchener (Wund’ts student) Try to understand the structure of conscious experience by analyzing the intensity, clarity and quality of its basic parts. Example:Functionalism: William James Theory that emphasized the functions of consciousness. Example:William James:
Unit 1 AP History and Approaches
Psychology: study of behavioral and mental processing.Psychology is a Behavioral Science.
History and Perspectives in Psychological Science
Physiological Needs: Psychological Needs:Slide2
Contemporary ApproachesPerspectives are specific approaches or viewpoints used to explain mental processes and behaviorThe Eclectic approach is when you use multiple theories to explain human behavior.Perspectives
Focus
Key questions & Influential People
How would you explain the Hulk’s behavior with these approaches and how would you treat him?
Cognitive
Thinking skills. How we process information.
Jean Piaget,
Biological
Brain, neurons, nervous system
How does the brain communicate with the body?
Social-cultural
Impact of social factors on behavior and personality
Milgram
Evolutionary
Natural selection- survival
Charles Darwin
Behavioral
Nature vs. nurture debate
Is
your
behavior
learned
from others? Punishments and Rewards Ivan PavlovPsychodynamic or PsychoanalysisUnconscious conflicts/motivationsSigmund FreudHumanistic/ Positive PsychologyFree will, improve self-esteem and self- conceptCarl Rogers, Abraham Maslow`
Nature vs. Nurture?
Psychologist:
Psychiatrist:
Kenneth & Mamie Clark
Francis Sumner
Stanley Hall
Mary CalkinsSlide3
What are Psychology’s Main Subfields?SubfieldsFocusClinical
Counseling
Developmental
Educational
Personality
Positive
Community
Engineering
Industrial
–Organizational
Psychiatrist
Psychometrics
Neuropsychologist
Sport
School psychologist
Review
Type
of Psychologist?
1. Are a major league baseball player in a slump?
2. Are a corporate executive that wants to increase employee moral?
3.
Have a child you suspect may have a learning difficulty?
4.
Want to develop a valid, reliable test to measure student performance in a school district?
How
can you study better?
SQ3R
What
is the testing effect
?