Chapter 101 1820 Missouri Compromise attempt to maintain balance of power of North and South Maine free state Missouri slave state Above 36 30 free state Below 3630 slave state ID: 475200
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Slide1
The Divisive Politics of Slavery
Chapter 10-1Slide2
1820 Missouri Compromise: attempt to maintain balance of power of North and South
Maine = free state
Missouri = slave stateAbove 36°30’ = free stateBelow 36°30’ = slave state
Reminder:Slide3
North:
Industry:
railroads distributed raw materials, manufactured goods & settlersImmigrants: opposed slaveryThought paid workers would have to compete with slave laborThought it’d reduce status of white workers who couldn’t compete with slaves
South:
Agriculture: relied on staple cropsSlavery: African American majority in populationSlide4
Wilmot Proviso:
California
, New Mexico, and Utah territories would never be slave-owning territories Divided Congress along regional linesSoutherners: Calhoun threatened secession slaves = property & property protected by Constitution Forever put Congressional power in Northerners’ handsCalifornia entered Union as free state
Southerners thought
California would be
a slave state
Regional DivisionSlide5
Secession:
the formal withdrawal of a state from the Union
“I hear with pain, and anguish, and distress, the word secession, especially when it falls from the lips of those who are eminently patriotic…Secession! Peaceable secession!...There can be no such thing as peaceable secession…Is the great Constitution under which we live…to be thawed and melted away by secession…No, sir! I will not state what might produce the disruption of the states;…[What] that disruption might produce [would be] such a war as I will not describe.”
– Daniel Webster
Seventh of March
speechSlide6
Henry
Clay’s
plan to please Northerners and SouthernersSenate rejected Clay’s proposalCompromise of 1850Slide7
California admitted as a free state
Utah
& New Mexico territories decide about slaverypopular sovereignty (residents of a territory vote for or against slavery) Federal government paid Texas $10 million to give up claims to New MexicoSale of slaves banned in DC but slavery itself may continue there
Fugitive Slave Act required people in the free states to help capture and return escaped
slavesSlide8
Stephen A. Douglas
p
roposed each resolution one at a time rather than bundledindividual congressmen could vote for what they liked and vote against what they didn’t like 1850: President Millard Fillmore supported Compromise = whole compromise was passedSlide9Slide10
Membership in House of Representatives
How are Southern interests threatened?Slide11
Why did many immigrants oppose the expansion of slavery?
What was the Wilmot Proviso? What was the reaction from congressmen?
Why did Southerners react badly to California’s request for statehood?How did the Compromise of 1850 attempt to satisfy the North and the South?What role did Stephen A. Douglas play in the Compromise of 1850?What was popular sovereignty?Questions