Term Definition Example - PowerPoint Presentation

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3. Term Definition Example Neur/o ,Neuri/o Nerve neurology ,neurocytolysis,neuralgia Crani/o skull, cranium CraniotomyCephal/o head Cephalocele Encephal/o brain Encephaloma,electroencephalographCerebr/o brain , Cerebrum CerebrosclerosisMening/o Meninges MeningoencephalitisMeningi/o Meninges MeningioceleMyel/o Spinal cord Myelogram, MyelomeningitisGangli/o.ganglion gangliaCerebell/o Cerebellum Medull/o Medulla oblongataDendr/o branch Spin/o Spine Cortic/o Cerebral Cortex

4. i/o Gl Glial cells gliocele Thalam/o thalamus thalamoectomy Ventricul/o Ventricle Ventricula megalyRadicul/o root spinal nerve Poly radiculitisPineal/o pineal gland Dur/o Dura matterFronto frontal lobeTemporo temporal lobeOccipito Occipital lobeParieto parietal lobePolio Grey matterLeuko White matterSoma Cell bodySynapto SynapsePlexo Nerve plexusSchwanno Schwann cells Myelin Myelin

5. Suffixes related to C.N.S:-Phesia, Phasy Speech Aphasia-Phamia Speech Spasmophemia (stuttering speech) lalia Speech Coprolalia (Feces ,Mouth speech) -Lexia read dyslexia-lepsy Seizure Narcolepsy-mnesia memory Amnesia-mania obsession Call mania-phrenia mind Schizophrenia ,braydphrenia-plegia paralysis Quadra plegia-paresis paralysis Hemi paralysisQuda Tail bone Equina Hoarse

6. Neurological Specialties:Neurology: The study of nervous system disorder:sNeurologist: a person who treats conditions related to the nervous system.Neurosurgeon : a physician that specializes in the nervous system and operative procedures.Procedures of the Nervous System:Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis (Lumbar puncture):  cerebrospinal fluid is aspirated by needle insertion between the l3-l4 or l4- l5 intervertebral spaces. This procedure assesses for different central nervous system diseases.Cerebral Angiography: uses serial x-rays to visualize intra and extra cranial blood vessels.it is used to detect vascular lesions and tumors.Computed Tomography (CTScan)Craniotomy :is a surgical procedure which involves entry into the skull. This procedure is usually done to relieve intracranial pressure. Electroencephalography(EEG)Electromyography (EMG)Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)Positron emission tomography (PET scan):It measure metabolic activity of the brain to assess cell death or damage.Nerve conduction :measure speed at which an impulse travels along nerve reveals nerve damage.

7. Delirium: confusion ,disorientation and agitation.Encephalitis: inflammation of the brain.Meningitis :infection of meninges.Syncope: fainting or temporary lose of conscious.Palsy : Loose ability to control movement.Hemi paresis : Weakness on one side.Quadriplegia : Paralysis of trunk, pelvic organs, with total or partial paralysis of upper extremities due to injury of spinal cord at level (5th thoracic vertebra -7thoracic vertebra).Paralysis: temporary or permanent lose of voluntary movement.Hemi plegia: paralysis on one side of body.Paraplegia : paralysis of lower part of the body.Lethargy: Abnormal inactivity of lack response to normal stimuli.Cerebral concussion: consciousness lasting for a few secondsCerebral contusion :more than 24 hours include unconscious , dizziness ,vomiting and unequal pupils dilatation.

8. Headach (Cephalagia)Cerebral aneurysm:balooning of cerebral artery may cause stroke.Aphasia :Completely unable to speech.Brian tumor: intracranial mass may be malignant or benign.Alzheimer's disease: progressive dementia ,disorientation ,apathy and loss of mememory.Myelomeningocele:protusion of meninges and spinal cord through opening left by spinal bifida defect.Spinabifida :congenital defect where lamina of vertebra not close to form spinal canal and this defect covered only by meninges.Bells palsy :facial palsy facial nerve inflammation caused by virus.Guillain-Barre syndrome: autoimmune progressive affected myelin sheath.Myasthenia gravis :muscular weakness and fatigue due to defiance ofNeurotransmitter in synapse.Shingles :eruption of painful blister along nerve path caused by herpes Zoster virus.

9. Epidural hematoma : mass of blood outside Dura matter.Sub Dura hematoma: mass of blood inside sub Dural space due to tear meningeal blood vessels occupying lesion.Myelography :X-ray of spinal cord after injection radiopaque .Peripheral neuritis :inflammation of one nerve or more peripheral nerves as in diabetes mellitus.Skull fracture.Multiple sclerosis: dengerative inflammatory disease of C.N.SPoliomyelitis: Viral infection affecting spinal cord may be simple andTemporary or sever and permanent.Parkinson's disease: chronic disorder of brain with tremor weakness rigidity stuffing gait.Cerebral palsy: brain damage due to insuffient oxygen at birth.Sciatica :Paresthesia ,pain due to pressure on sciatic nerve along its coarse whatever the cause like intra vertebra disc prolapse.

10. Transient Ischemia Attack(TIA):Temporary deficient in blood supply of brain may lead to(C.V.A)Cerebrovascular accident(C.V.A): infraction in brain as result of loss of blood due to thrombus , hemorrhage embolism, compression.Migrain :specific type of headache ,sever pain ,light sentivity dizziness, nausea.Epilepsy: Seizures and loss of conscious cause by uncontrolled electrical activity of the brain.Hydrocephalus :accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in brain ventricle .Anencephaly :The brain fail to form during fetal development intrauterine life or directly after birth.Paresthesia: Abnormal sensation such as burning , tingling.Anesthesia: Non pain and loose sensation.Tremor : involuntary repetitive alternating movement.Dementia : Impaired intellectual function.

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