Fiscal Year - PDF document

Fiscal Year 2020 Offender and Offense Characteristics crack cocaine trafficking offenders were men. crack cocaine trafficking offenders were Black were Hispanic were White , and % were Other aces. heir average age years. were United States citizens had little or no prio r criminal history (Criminal History Category I) were Career O ffenders (§4B1.1) The median ase ffense evel in these cases was corresponding to between and grams of crack cocaine entence s were increase for: ossessing a weapon ( a leadership supervisory role in the offense ( entence s were decrease d for: minor or minimal participation in the offense ( eeting the safety valve criteria in the sentencing guidelines The top five crack caine trafficking offenders were Southern District of New York Eastern District of North Carolina District of Puerto Rico Northern District of Texas Middle District of Punishment The average sentence for crack ine trafficking offenders was months % were sentenced to prison. % were convicted of an offense carrying a mandatory minimum penalty; of those offenders, % were relieved of th penalty. 3.2 % 10.0 % 15.7 % 0 10 20 30 40 50 Both Safety Valve Substantial Assistance Means of Relief from Mandatory Minimum Penalty for Crack Cocaine Traffickers 2020 CASES WERE REPORTED T O THE U.S. ENTENCING OMMISSION CASES INVOLVED DRUGS CASES INVOLVED DRUG TRAFFICKING OF RUG TRAFFICKING CASES INVOLVED CRACK OCAINE OCAINE TRAFFICKING OFFENDERS HAVE CREASED BY 22.8 SINCE 201 This document was produced and published at U.S. taxpayer expense. For more Quick Facts, visit https://www.ussc.gov/research/quick facts 1,576 1,601 1,417 1,565 1,217 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 Number of Crack Cocaine Trafficking Offenders Less than 5 years 43.7% 5 to less than 10 years 35.5% 10

years or more 20.8% Sentence Length FY 2020 Crack Cocaine Trafficking Offenses Crack Cocaine Trafficking Offenses Sentences Relative to the Guideline Range Of the crack ocain trafficking offenders sentenced under the uidelines nual % were sentenced within the guideline range % received a substantial assistance departure. Their average sentence reduction was % received some other downward departure. Their average sentence reduction was % received a variance ; of th se offenders: % received a variance. Their average sentence reduction was % received upward variance average sentence increase average guideline minimum decreased the average sentence imposed slightly decreased over the past five years The average guideline minimum creased from months in fiscal year 201 months fiscal year The average sentence imposed creased from months in fiscal year 201 months in fiscal year SOURCE: United States Sentencing Commission, through 2020 Datafiles, USSCFY1 USSCFY www.ussc.gov pubaffairs@ussc.gov @theusscgov Drug offenses include cases where offenders were sentenced under USSG Chapter Two, Part D (Drugs). There were 1, crack cocaine offenders sentenced under USSG Chapter Two, Part D (Drugs) in FY Drug Trafficking offenders were sentenced under USSG §§2D1.1 (Drug Trafficking), 2D1.2 (Protected Locations), 2D1.5 (Continuing Criminal Enterprise), 2D1.6 (Use of a Communication Facility), 2D1.8 (Rent/Manage Drug Establishment), 2D1.10 (Endangering Life), or 2D1.14 (Narco Terrorism). Cases with incomplete sentencing information were excluded from analysis. 0 50 100 150 200 FY 2016 FY 2020 Average Guideline Minimum and Average Sentence (months) Guideline Minimum Sentence 0 25 50 75 100 FY 2016 FY 2020 Sentence Relative to the Guideline Range (%) Within Range Variances Substantial Assistance Other Downward