Carmen Chadwick Alkali Metals SodiumNa T he English word for which is soda Used in medicine agriculture and photography Also used in street lights soap batteries table salt NaCl a compound vital to life and glass ID: 574916
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Slide1
9 Favorite Elements
Carmen ChadwickSlide2
Alkali Metals
Sodium-Na
T
he English word for which is soda
Used in medicine, agriculture and photography
Also used in street lights, soap, batteries, table salt (
NaCl) (a compound vital to life) , and glassSodium makes up 2.6% by weight of the Earth's crust, making it the fourth most abundant element overall and the most abundant alkali metal. Slide3
Metalloids
Boron-B
Used in tennis rackets, regulators in nuclear plants, heat resistant glass and eye disinfectant
Compounds of boron have been known of for thousands of years
Obtained from
kernite
, a kind of borax (Na
2
B
4
O
7
.10H
2
O)
The element was not isolated until 1808 by Sir
Humphry
Davy, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, and Louis Jacques
Thenard
, to about 50 percent purity, by the reduction of boric acid with sodium or magnesiumSlide4
Non-Metals
Oxygen-O
World wide production is around 100 million
tons
Used in steel making, production of methanol (CH
3
OH), welding, water purification, cement and rocket propulsionOxygen was first described by Michal Sedziwoj, a Polish alchemist and philosopher in the late 16th centurySlide5
Rare Earth Metals
Neptunium-
Np
From planet
Neptune
Produced by bombarding uranium with slow neutronsNeptunium is also found in trace amounts in uranium oresUsed in neutron detection instruments
Named for the planet Neptune, the next planet out from Uranus, after which uranium was namedSlide6
Alkaline Metals
Calcium-
Ca
Obtained from minerals like chalk, limestone and
marble
Very abundantCalcium is an important component of a healthy dietCalcium was prepared as lime by the Romans under the name calyx in the 1st century A.D., but the metal was not discovered until
1808Pure calcium is a shiny soft metal that will react violently with water to release hydrogen and calcium hydroxideSlide7
Transition Metals
Copper-Cu
Copper has played a significant part in the history of mankind, which has used the easily accessible uncompounded metal for nearly 10,000
years
Pure copper occurs rarely in
nature
Most often used as an electrical conductorCopper, as native copper, is one of the few metals to naturally occur as an uncompounded mineralIts alloys are used in jeweler,
bronze sculptures and for coinsSlide8
Noble Gases
Neon-Ne
In a vacuum tube, neon glows reddish orange, thus, the invention of neon
lights
Neon was discovered in 1898 by Scottish chemist William Ramsay and English chemist Morris W. Travers in London,
EnglandNeon has also been used to make lightening arrestors, voltage detectors and TV tubesWhile it is inert, there have been reports of it combining with fluorineSlide9
Halogens
Chlorine-
Cl
Never found in free form in
nature
Used widely in paper product production, antiseptic, dyestuffs, food, insecticides, paints, petroleum products, plastics, medicines, textiles, solvents, and many other consumer productsChlorine was given its current name in 1810 by Sir Humphry Davy, who insisted that it was in fact an elementSlide10
Other Metals
Aluminum-Al
Kitchen utensils, building decorations, electrical transmission (not nearly as conductive as copper, but cheaper) as well as packaging (can, foil
etc.)
Most plentiful metal in earth's crust (7.5% - 8.1%), but virtually never occurs in free form, so rare that it was once considered a precious metal more valuable than gold
!
Primary reserves are found in Surinam, Jamaica, Ghana, Indonesia and Russia