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Cancer Cancer

Cancer - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2016-04-08

Cancer - PPT Presentation

Foundations of Science Vocabulary Apoptosis programmed cell death Metastasis spreading of cancerous cells to other parts of the body Cancer Cells that no longer respond to the signals that control growth an death ID: 276874

cancer cell tissue cells cell cancer cells tissue mutation growth tumors genetic blood mutations division benign normal function skin

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Slide1

Cancer

Foundations of ScienceSlide2

Vocabulary

Apoptosis: programmed cell death

Metastasis: spreading of cancerous cells to other parts of the bodySlide3

Cancer

Cells that no longer respond to the signals that control growth an deathSlide4

Cancer

Cells that no longer respond to the signals that control growth an death

Arise from normal tissue cellsSlide5

Cancer

Cells that no longer respond to the signals that control growth an death

Arise from normal tissue

cells

Many genetic controls for the process of cell divisionSlide6

Cancer

Cells that no longer respond to the signals that control growth an death

Arise from normal tissue

cells

Many genetic controls for the process of cell

division

Mutations occur in the areas that control cell division and proliferationSlide7

Cancer

Cells that no longer respond to the signals that control growth an death

Arise from normal tissue

cells

Many genetic controls for the process of cell

division

Mutations occur in the areas that control cell division and

proliferation

Most cancer cells have 60 or more mutations in their genesSlide8

Multistep Process

Cells acquire a series of mutationsSlide9

Multistep Process

Cells acquire a series of mutations

Unrestrained growth/cell divisionSlide10

Multistep Process

Cells acquire a series of mutations

Unrestrained growth/cell division

Cell does not differentiate, meaning it does not function as the cell type it isSlide11

Multistep Process

Cells acquire a series of mutations

Unrestrained growth/cell division

Cell does not differentiate, meaning it does not function as the cell type it is

Evades cell death (mutated cells generally undergo apoptosis)Slide12

Multistep Process

Cells acquire a series of mutations

Unrestrained growth/cell division

Cell does not differentiate, meaning it does not function as the cell type it is

Evades cell death (mutated cells generally undergo apoptosis)

As the cancerous cell grows it stimulates growth of blood vessels, which gives it a supply of blood and nutrientsSlide13

Multistep Process

Cells acquire a series of mutations

Unrestrained growth/cell division

Cell does not differentiate, meaning it does not function as the cell type it is

Evades cell death (mutated cells generally undergo apoptosis)

As the cancerous cell grows it stimulates growth of blood vessels, which gives it a supply of blood and nutrients

Eventually tumor cells can spread to other parts of the bodySlide14
Slide15

Cancer Is Genetic

Mutation can be inherited from parentsSlide16

Cancer Is Genetic

Mutation can be inherited from parents

An example would be BRCA1, the breast cancer geneSlide17

Cancer Is Genetic

Mutation can be inherited from parents

An example would be BRCA1, the breast cancer gene

Mutation can occur during cells normal function Slide18

Cancer Is Genetic

Mutation can be inherited from parents

An example would be BRCA1, the breast cancer gene

Mutation can occur during cells normal function

An example would be brain cancersSlide19

Cancer Is Genetic

Mutation can be inherited from parents

An example would be BRCA1, the breast cancer gene

Mutation can occur during cells normal function

An example would be brain cancers

Mutation could be due to exposure to some disease causing agentSlide20

Cancer Is Genetic

Mutation can be inherited from parents

An example would be BRCA1, the breast cancer gene

Mutation can occur during cells normal function

An example would be brain cancers

Mutation could be due to exposure to some disease causing agent

Lung cancer from smoking

Skin cancer from sun exposureSlide21

Cancer Mutations

There are two general areas of genetic mutation that allow cancer to begin and spreadSlide22

Cancer Mutations

There are two general areas of genetic mutation that allow cancer to begin and spread

Proto-oncogenes: Start cell divisionSlide23

Cancer Mutations

There are two general areas of genetic mutation that allow cancer to begin and spread

Proto-oncogenes: Start cell division

Tumor-suppressor: Turn off cell divisionSlide24

Cancer Mutations

There are two general areas of genetic mutation that allow cancer to begin and spread

Proto-oncogenes: Start cell division

Tumor-suppressor: Turn off cell division

Both sets of mutations allow cell to begin dividing and then to continuously divide, leading to uncontrolled cell growthSlide25

Types of Tumors

Benign: Tumor that is not cancerous and does not spread to other areas of the bodySlide26

Types of Tumors

Benign: Tumor that is not cancerous and does not spread to other areas of the body

Malignant: Tumor is cancerous and can spread to other areas of the bodySlide27

Benign Tumor Types

Adenomas: epithelial tissue (thin skin like layer)Slide28

Benign Tumor Types

Adenomas: epithelial tissue (thin skin like layer)

Fibromas: Connective tissue Slide29

Benign Tumor Types

Adenomas: epithelial tissue (thin skin like layer)

Fibromas: Connective tissue

Hemangiomas

: buildup of blood vesselsSlide30

Benign Tumor Types

Adenomas: epithelial tissue (thin skin like layer)

Fibromas: Connective tissue

Hemangiomas

: buildup of blood vessels

Lipomas

: Grow from fat cellsSlide31

Treatment For Benign Tumors

Unless it is causing pain, affecting normal function, or growing too fast, benign tumors can be left aloneSlide32

Treatment For Benign Tumors

Unless it is causing pain, affecting normal function, or growing too fast, benign tumors can be left alone

Otherwise, surgery to remove the growth is doneSlide33

Treatment For Benign Tumors

Unless it is causing pain, affecting normal function, or growing too fast, benign tumors can be left alone

Otherwise, surgery to remove the growth is done

Doctors will generally monitor to make sure it does not grow backSlide34

Malignant Tumors

Carcinoma: skin or tissue that line/cover organsSlide35

Malignant Tumors

Carcinoma: skin or tissue that line/cover organs

Sarcoma: Bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels or other connective tissueSlide36

Malignant Tumors

Carcinoma: skin or tissue that line/cover organs

Sarcoma: Bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels or other connective tissue

Leukemia: blood-forming tissue (bone marrow)Slide37

Malignant Tumors

Carcinoma: skin or tissue that line/cover organs

Sarcoma: Bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels or other connective tissue

Leukemia: blood-forming tissue (bone marrow)

Lymphoma/Myeloma: cells of the immune systemSlide38

Malignant Tumors

Carcinoma: skin or tissue that line/cover organs

Sarcoma: Bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels or other connective tissue

Leukemia: blood-forming tissue (bone marrow)

Lymphoma/Myeloma: cells of the immune system

Central nervous system: brain and spinal cordSlide39

Treatments For Malignant Tumors

Chemotherapy

Immunotherapy

Radiation Therapy

Stem Cell Transplantation(leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma)Slide40

In Conclusion

Cancer is a set of individual mutations that allow for uncontrolled cell growth

Each individual cancer is unique, and most treatments are tailored to the individual patient