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Noise Mapping:   Modeling Chronic Noise Mapping:   Modeling Chronic

Noise Mapping: Modeling Chronic - PowerPoint Presentation

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Noise Mapping: Modeling Chronic - PPT Presentation

Gas Compressor Noise in PA State Forests Marcellus Shale Formation Becky Lorig MGIS Candidate Dr Julian Avery Advisor Source Elk State Forest Wikipedia Overview Background ID: 718399

source noise forest gas noise source gas forest state dcnr reed 2012 2015 compressor impacts area 2011 shale development

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Slide1

Noise Mapping:

Modeling Chronic Gas Compressor Noise in PA State Forests, Marcellus Shale Formation

Becky Lorig – MGIS CandidateDr. Julian Avery – Advisor

Source: Elk State Forest WikipediaSlide2

Overview

BackgroundNoise impactsPA gas developmentGas compressor stationsGoals and ObjectivesMethods

Anticipated ResultsProject TimelineAcknowledgements References

Source: Wave Engineering

Source: PA IndependentSlide3

Anthropogenic Noise

↑ Human-generated noise83% land area within 1 km of roads (yellow - blue in map)Remote area encroachment

Sources: USGS 2005, Barber et al. 2011Slide4

Impacts of Noise on Wildlife

↑ stress response↑ avoidance↓ reproduction ∆ predator-prey dynamics↓ communication∆ community structureCumulative effects

Source: Internet Bird Collection

Source: AudubonSlide5

Human Recreation

Ensure wilderness experienceRecreational Opportunity Spectrum (ROS)Noise impacts not fully consideredSource: Human Dimensions Research

Source: PASDASlide6

Shale Gas Extraction

Source:

Kargbo et al. 2010. Slide7

Marcellus Shale ExtentSlide8

PA Gas Extraction

9,825 active wellsFewer wells on PA state forest landsMore development anticipatedSlide9

PA Gas Extraction – State Forests

3 leases139,000 acres9% of 1.5 mil Forest acres623 active wells on State forestSlide10

Study Area

Largest contiguous forest in Eastern USInterior forest species9 compressor stations (CS)3

CS pending100-200 CS anticipatedSlide11

Compressor Stations

cooling-fan noise

engine-exhaust noise

A/C noise

electric generator noise

CS289

gas-pressure regulator noise

compressor and engine noise

Source: Tom

GabrielsonSlide12

Acoustic Power & Frequency

5 minutes at 4AM on 2 Aug

150 m

230 m

320 m

100 m

distance from CS

air conditioner

engine exhaust (main tone)

Source: Tom

Gabrielson

Compressors and cooling fansSlide13

Noise Management

Bureau of Forestry noise monitoringExpect MANY more compressorsAdditional insight into noise distributionSlide14

Goals and Objectives

Goal: Create acoustic propagation models of gas-compressor station noise distribution across PA’s State forest land to better understand impacts to birds and human recreationObjectives:

Construct and calibrate sound modelsEvaluate potential impacts to human recreation and forest-interior birdsEvaluate future compressor station siting options to minimize noise impactsSlide15

MethodologySlide16

Methods: Models

SPreAD-GIS modeling toolSystem for the Prediction of Acoustic DetectabilityPython scripts, ArcGIS toolbox add-in

Python ScriptsSlide17

Methods: Model Inputs

Different weighting schemes for human and birds6 additional modifiersSource: BackyardNature.org

Source: birdingisfun.comSlide18

Methods: Model Inputs

Distance Atmospheric absorptionVegetationWind directionTopographyAmbient

background noiseSlide19

Methods: Model Example

Source: Reed et al. 2012Slide20

Methods: Evaluation

Total area affectedArea within each dB range Major and minor axis distances Distance

for each dB rangeSource: Reed et al. 2012

Source: Reed

et al.

2012Slide21

Methods: Evaluation

Source: Reed et al. 2012

Total

area affected

Area

within each

dB

range

Major

and minor axis distances

Distance

for each

dB range

Source: Reed

et al.

2012Slide22

Anticipated Results

Distance to be similar among CS sitesAffected area to differ among sites (unique site characteristics)Noise travels farther than previously thought (esp. low frequency sound)ROS will require modificationIncreased habitat fragmentation for birdsSlide23

Project TimelineSlide24

Acknowledgements

Dr. Julian Avery Advisor, PSU Dept. Ecosystem Sci. & Mgmt

.Dr. Tom Gabrielson

PSU Acoustics Professor

Source: Reed et al.

2012Slide25

Source: PA Forest Coalition

Questions?Slide26

References

Source: Reed et al. 2012Barber JR, Crooks C,

Fristrup K (2010) The costs of chronic noise exposure for terrestrial organisms. Trends Ecol Evol 25:180–189  

Barber, J. R., Burdett, C. L., Reed, S. E., Warner, K. A., Formichella, C., Crooks, K. R., Theobald, D.M., &

Fristrup, K. M. (2011). Anthropogenic noise exposure in protected natural areas: estimating the scale of ecological consequences. Landscape ecology, 26(9), 1281-1295.

 

Bayne EM, Habib L,

Boutin

S (2008) Impacts of chronic anthropogenic noise from energy-sector activity on abundance of songbirds in the boreal forest.

Conserv

Biol22:1186–1193

 

Benı

́

tez

-Lo ́

pez

A,

Alkemade

R,

Verweij

PA (2010) The impacts of roads and other infrastructure on mammal and bird populations: a meta-analysis.

Biol

Conserv

143:1307–1316

 

Bunkley

, J., C. McClure, N. Kleist, C. Francis, and J. Barber. 2015. Anthropogenic noise alters bat activity levels and echolocation calls. Global Ecology and Conservation 3(15):62-71.

 

DCNR (Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources). 2007. Forest Wildlife Trends.

http://pbadupws.nrc.gov/docs/ML0707/ML070730105.pdf

 

DCNR.

2013. Shale Gas Development and State Forests. January 2013. Accessed on November 29, 2015, from:

http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/cs/groups/public/documents/document/dcnr_017270.pdf

 

DCNR.

2014. Shale-Gas Monitoring Report. April 2014. Accessed on November 29, 2015, from:

http://dcnr.state.pa.us/cs/groups/public/documents/document/dcnr_20029147.pdf

 

DCNR

.

2015. News Release: DCNR Releases Update to Shale Gas Monitoring Report. July 23, 2015. Accessed on November 29, 2015, from:

http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/cs/groups/public/documents/news/DCNR_20030948.pdf

 

Doherty KE,

Naugle

DE, Walker BL, Graham JM (2008) Greater sage-grouse winter habitat selection and energy development. J

Wildl

Manag

72:187–195

 

EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 2012. Study of the Potential Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing on Drinking Water Resources, Progress Report. EPA/601/R-12/011. US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development. Washington, DC. December 2012.

 

Francis CD, Ortega CP, Cruz A (2009) Noise pollution changes avian communities and species interactions.

Curr

Biol

19:1415–1419

 

Francis CD,

Paritsis

J, Ortega CP, Cruz A (2011) Landscape patterns of avian habitat use and nest success are affected by chronic gas well compressor noise. Landscape

Ecol

(published online 3 May 2011)

Gabrielson

, T. 2014. Acoustic Noise from Natural-Gas Compressor Stations on State Forest Land: Pilot Study. Penn State University for PA DCNR Forestry Resources. December 2014. 61 pp.

 

Goodwin SE, Shriver G (2011) Effects of traffic noise on occupancy patterns of forest birds.

Conserv

Biol

25:406–411

 

Habib L, Bayne EM,

Boutin

S (2007) Chronic industrial noise affects pairing success and age structure of ovenbirds

Seiurus

aurocapilla

. J

Appl

Ecol

44:176–184

 

Halfwerk

W,

Holleman

LJM,

Lesselis

CM,

Slabbekoorn

H (2011) Negative impact of traffic noise on avian reproductive success. J

Appl

Ecol

48:210–219

 

Kargbo

D., R. Wilhelm, and D. Campbell. 2010. Natural gas plays in the Marcellus Shale; challenges and potential opportunities. Environ Science and Technology 44:5679–5684.

 

Landon DM,

Krauseman

PR,

Koenen

KKG, Harris LK (2003) Pronghorn use of areas with varying sound pressure levels. Southwest Nat 48:725–728

 

Leventhall

H G. 2004. Low frequency noise and annoyance. Noise Health 2004;6:59-72.

 

Lynch, E., D. Joyce, and K.

Fristrup

. 2011. An assessment of noise audibility and sound levels in U.S. National Parks. Landscape Ecology 26:1297-1309.

 

PA DEP (Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection) Oil and Gas Reporting Website. Accessed November 24, 2015, from:

https://www.paoilandgasreporting.state.pa.us/publicreports/Modules/Welcome/Agreement.aspx

 

PASDA (Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access). 2015. ArcGIS Tutorial – Glossary. Accessed December 4, 2015, from:

http://www.pasda.psu.edu/tutorials/arcgis/projection.asp

.

Reed, S.E., J.L. Boggs, and J.P. Mann. 2010.

SPreAD

-GIS: an ArcGIS toolbox for modeling the propagation of engine noise in a wildland setting. Version 2.0. The Wilderness Society, San Francisco, CA.

 

Reed, S.E., J.L. Boggs, and J.P. Mann. 2012. A GIS tool for modeling anthropogenic noise propagation in natural ecosystems. Environmental Modelling and Software 37:1-5.

 

Sawyer H, Nielson RM,

Lindzey

F, McDonald LL (2006) Winter habitat selection of mule deer before and during development of a natural gas field. J

Wildl

Manag

70:396–403

 

Slabbekoorn

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Peet

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Thomas, E., M.

Brittingham

, and S.

Stoleson

. 2014. Conventional oil and gas development alters forest songbird communities. The Journal of Wildlife Management 78(2):293-306. Slide27

Octave Levels

most of the raw radiated power is at low frequency

5 minutes at 4AM on 2 August

320 m

230 m

150 m

100 m