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DinoChicken  Project Using chicken embryos to understand dinosaur DinoChicken  Project Using chicken embryos to understand dinosaur

DinoChicken Project Using chicken embryos to understand dinosaur - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2018-11-09

DinoChicken Project Using chicken embryos to understand dinosaur - PPT Presentation

evolutionary change Dana Rashid Cell Biology and Neuroscience Department MSU 150 million years Bird Evolution from Dinosaurs Chicken KPg Extinction Event 66mya NonAvian Dinosaurs ID: 725012

chicken tails dinosaurs avian tails chicken avian dinosaurs university tail cretaceous short birds evolution bird state montana teeth modern

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Slide1

DinoChicken

Project

Using chicken embryos to understand dinosaur

evolutionary change

Dana Rashid

Cell Biology and Neuroscience Department, MSUSlide2

150 million years

Bird Evolution from Dinosaurs

ChickenSlide3

K-Pg Extinction Event 66mya

Non-Avian Dinosaurs

Avian Dinosaurs

Theropods

Maniraptorans

Deinonychosauria

Oviraptorosauria

Therizinosauria

Avialae

Modern

Birds

(Aves)Slide4

Cretaceous transition to short tails

Caudipteryx

Jeholornis

130-120

mya

Sapeornis

Confuciusornis

Microraptor

Citipati

Avian dinosaurs

Non avian dinosaursSlide5

Traits that changed in bird evolution

Teeth & Snouts

to beaks

Wings with claws

to without claws

Long tails to

s

hort tails with a

pygostyle

Feather frond to tail feather

fan

Note: Clawed wings are still observed in a few modern birds; teeth disappeared just after the Cretaceous, and tails changed in the Cretaceous.Slide6

How do we study avian evolutionary events?

Genetics

Development

&

Birds vs. other Vertebrates Slide7

What kinds of mutations in vertebrates cause

short tails and/or fused vertebrae?

So……It’s possible that a single mutation could have both shortened the Cretaceous bird tail and caused the formation of the

pygostyle

. This possibility is supported by the fossil record.

Truncated

tail

mutants

Vertebral fusion mutantsSlide8
Slide9

Somites

Nervous System

Mutation(s) affecting somite polarity may have been responsible for the Cretaceous transition to short tails

Somite anterior/posterior polarity is not properly established in the chick embryo tail. Mutations like this in mice usually cause loss of spinal nerves and short, fused tails.Slide10

No spinal nerves in the emuSlide11

Next up:

Comparative genetics

Embryo manipulationsSlide12

Would any manipulations result in a chicken with

a

long tail?

Possibly…Slide13

Work from other labs:

A mutant chicken, the

talpid

chicken, grows teeth.

Harris et al. 2006 Current Biology

By inhibiting a protein at the base of the beak, chicken beaks can resemble dinosaur snouts.

Bhullar et al. 2015 EvolutionSlide14

In Summary:Slide15

Acknowledgements:

Jack HornerCollaborators: Susan Chapman Clemson University

Luis Chiappe LA Museum of NH Alida

Bailleul University of Missouri

Christa Merzdorf Montana State University

Roger Bradley Montana State University Kevin Surya Montana State University

Funding: George Lucas