ways can technology be a driving force for the transformation of housing today Tatiana Švecová Arquitectura La Salle Universitat ID: 558143
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Slide1
In which ways can “technology” be a driving force for the transformation of housing, today?
Tatiana
Švecová,
Arquitectura
La
Salle
,
Universitat
Ramon
Llull
October
15, 2010Slide2
Technology is the usage and knowledge of tools, techniques, crafts, systems or methods
of organization. The word technology comes from the Greek technología (τεχνολογία) — téchnē (τέχνη), an 'art', 'skill' or 'craft' and -logía (-λογία), the study of something, or the branch of knowledge of a discipline.
Since
the
onset
of
different
discoveries
and
inventions
,
different
technology
sources
have
come
to
the
forefront
and
have
known
to
affect
the
lifestyle
of
humans
.
The
progress
in technology
is
responsible
for
the
advancements
in
the
fields
of
manufacturing
,
transportation
,
medicine
etc.as
well
as
housing
.
For
example
,
with
the
usage
of
electricity
,
life
became
easier
and
improved
the
efficiency
of
people
all
around
the
world
. Slide3
In other words, the most important contribution of technology to society is making the lives of
common people much easier and helping them achieve what was previously not possible.Different ways of impact of technology on housingwww.lansdowne-photography.co.ukwww.cityproject.skSlide4
In other words, the most important contribution of technology to society is making the lives of
common people much easier and helping them achieve what was previously not possible.Different ways of impact of technology on housingSmart houses / comfort / not necessarily visibleDesign/ shapes/ forms / High Techwww.cityproject.sk
www.lansdowne-photography.co.ukSlide5
Intelligent /smart housesA smart house is a house that has highly advanced automatic
systems for lighting, temperature control, multi-media, security, window and door operations, and many other functions. A smart home appears "intelligent" because its computer systems can monitor so many aspects of daily living.www.iqrf.comSlide6
monitoring (measurement, displaying, ...)sending messages about the statecheckingresponse to the situation (rain, frost
, ...)
simulation of presence in a flatsolving exceptions (illegal penetration, fire)comparison to required state and executing required operations or sending a warning via SMS or e-mail in case of aberrationFor such automatized building there is a possibility of controlling even remotely. In addition to this, the system can perform even additional functions:
Video
door
phone
Camera
systems
Alarm
systems
Solar
panels
Slide7
High Tech architectureHigh-tech architecture, also known as Late Modernism or Structural
Expressionism
, is an architectural style that emerged in the 1970s, incorporating elements of high-tech industry and technology into building design. Characteristics of high-tech architecture have varied somewhat, yet all have accentuated technical elements. They included the prominent display of the building's technical and functional components, and an orderly arrangement and use of
pre-fabricated elements.
HSBC
Main
Building
,
Hong
Kong
Lloyd
's
building
, London
Pompidou
center, Paris
www.
galinsky.com
www.
rtaflondon.com
.
forum.skyscraperpage.comSlide8
Nowadays talking about technology and its impact on architecture and housing – nothing
is
impossible - Urban skyscraper farms - Floating eco-cities - Glowing solar towers - Turbine-driven skyscrapers - Magnetically levitated wind collectorsExample – design od apartment building / scyscraper using modern technologieswww.archiinspire.comSlide9
Lilypad ProjectThe idea is to create a series of floating
self-sufficient ocean-going eco-city islands. Each one would be able to house 50,000 residents and would support a great deal of biodiversity. Collecting pools located in their centers would gather and filter water for use on board. These would be places for adventurers and refugees alike as water levels rise around the world and threaten many,
particularly island, habitats.
www.
weburbanist.comSlide10
Eco Factor: Housing project designed to generate renewable energy.10 Raison architectshave drawn inspiration from the magnificent Eiffel Tower to design a futuristic housing high-rise for Zaabeel Park in Dubai. The plan focuses on the use of sustainable materials and renewable energy generators to lower the carbon footprint of the high-rise.
www.
weburbanist.comSlide11
Bibligraphywww.weburbanist.comwww.archinspire.comwww.greatbuildings.comwww.iarf.comwww.smarthouse.com.auwww.automatedbuildings.com/news
www.
intelligenbuildings.comSlide12
What is “vernacular” housing, today?Tatiana Švecová,Arquitectura La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull
October
15, 2010Slide13
Definitions / quotes In 1964 the exhibition Architecture
Without
Architects was put on at the Museum of Modern Art, New York by Bernard Rudofsky. It was Rudofsky who first made use of the term vernacular in an architectural context, and brought the concept into the eye of the public and of mainstream architecture:
"For
want
of
a
generic
label
we
shall
call
it
vernacular
,
anonymous
,
spontaneous
,
indigenous
,
rural
, as
the
case
may
be
."
The
Encyclopedia
of
Vernacular
Architecture
of
the
World
defines
vernacular
architecture
as:
...
comprising
the
dwellings
and
all
other
buildings
of
the
people
.
Related
to
their
environmental
contexts
and
available
resources
they
are
customarily
owner
-
or
community
-
built
,
utilizing
traditional
technologies
.
All
forms
of
vernacular
architecture
are
built
to
meet
specific
needs
,
accommodating
the
values
,
economies
and
ways
of
life
of
the
cultures
that
produce
them
. Slide14
Ronald Brunskill has defined the ultimate in vernacular architecture as: ...a building designed
by
an amateur without any training in design; the individual will have been guided by a series of conventions built up in his locality, paying little attention to what may be fashionable. The function of the building would be the dominant factor, aesthetic considerations, though present
to some small
degree
,
being
quite
minimal
.
Local
materials
would
be
used
as a
matter
of
course
,
other
materials
being
chosen
and
imported
quite exceptionally.
Frank
Lloyd
Wright
described
vernacular
architecture
as
"Folk
building
growing
in response to
actual
needs
,
fitted
into
environment
by
people
who
knew
no
better
than
to fit
them
with
native
feeling"
.
Slide15
Vernacular architecture is influenced by a great range of different aspects of human
behaviour and environment, leading to differing building forms for almost every different context; even neighbouring villages may have subtly different approaches to the construction and use of their dwellings, even if they at first appear the same.Aspects - climate , culture,environment and materials,
economic situation , lifestyle,traditions
etc
.
Toda
hut
, India
Tibet
www.
skyscrapercity.com
www.
tibet
heritagefund.orgSlide16
IglooRondavel, Cameroon
Jungle
hut, Brazilwww.adventureland.comwww.traditionorale.cawww.en.wikipedia.orgSlide17
Paul Oliver, in his book Dwellings, states: "...it is contended that 'popular architecture' designed by professional architects
or
commercial builders for popular use, does not come within the compass of the vernacular.„Popular architecture vs. vernacular architecturewww.archdaily.comwww.blog.100-mile-house.orgSlide18
Contemporary Vernacular ArchitectureOn-nuch garage slum - the biggest garbage disposal area in Bangkok. The
house
is built from carefully selected garbage and left over - metal boxes for snacks. The details are well thought, so well thought that we as an architect are amazed. The owner / builder of the house is a man of his 40s, who never built anything in his life before.... An excellent example of Contemporary
Vernacular Architecture?Slide19
The detail of the opening of the house.Slide20
The roof tiles are made of the metal boxes cut into small pieces too.Slide21
The columns are reinforce concrete molded by the metal bins, without removing the mold afterward!http://phiphi-design-workshop.blogspot.comSlide22
Ahwaz, Iran, Sandbag projectAfter extensive research into
vernacular
earth building methods in Iran, followed by detailed prototyping, was developed the sandbag or ‘superadobe’ system. The basic construction technique involves filling sandbags with earth and laying them in courses in a circular plan. The circular courses are corbelled near the top to form a dome. Barbed wire is laid between courses to prevent the sandbags from shifting
and to provide earthquake
resistance
. Hence
the
materials
of
war
-
sandbags
and
barbed
wire
- are
used
for
peaceful
ends
,
integrating
traditional
earth
architecture
with contemporary
global safety requirements.Slide23
Because the structures use local resources onsite earth and human hands they are entirely sustainable.
Men
and women, old and young, can build since the maximum weight lifted is an earth-filled can to pour into the bags. Barbed wire and sandbags are supplied locally, and the stabilizer is also usually locally sourced. Slide24
http://www.akdn.org/ArchitectureSlide25
Quinta Monroy, Iquique, ChileThe Chilean Government asked us to resolve the
following
equation:To settle the 100 families of the Quinta Monroy, in the same 5,000 sqm site that they have illegally occupied for the last 30 years which is located in the very center of Iquique, a city in the Chilean desert.http://www.elementalchile.comSlide26
If to answer the question, one starts assuming 1 house = 1 family = 1 lot, we were
able to host just 30 families in the site. The problem with isolated houses, is that they are very inefficient in terms of land use. That is why social housing tends to look for land that costs as little as possible. That land, is normally far away from the opportunities of work, education, transportation and health that cities offer. This
way of operating has tended
to
localize
social
housing
in
an
impoverished
urban
sprawl
,
creating
belts
of
resentment
,
social
conflict
and
inequity
.
http://www.
elementalchile.com
http://www.
elementalchile.comSlide27
Bibligraphyhttp://phiphi-design-workshop.blogspot.comhttp://www.elementalchile.comhttp://www.akdn.org/Architecturewww.archdaily.comwww.blog.100-mile-house.org
www.
skyscrapercity.comwww.tibetheritagefund.org