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In which - PPT Presentation

ways can technology be a driving force for the transformation of housing today Tatiana Švecová Arquitectura La Salle Universitat ID: 558143

architecture www building vernacular www architecture vernacular building technology house http housing org high design earth built materials tech

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Slide1

In which ways can “technology” be a driving force for the transformation of housing, today?

Tatiana

Švecová,

Arquitectura

La

Salle

,

Universitat

Ramon

Llull

October

15, 2010Slide2

Technology is the usage and knowledge of tools, techniques, crafts, systems or methods

of organization. The word technology comes from the Greek technología (τεχνολογία) — téchnē (τέχνη), an 'art', 'skill' or 'craft' and -logía (-λογία), the study of something, or the branch of knowledge of a discipline.

Since

the

onset

of

different

discoveries

and

inventions

,

different

technology

sources

have

come

to

the

forefront

and

have

known

to

affect

the

lifestyle

of

humans

.

The

progress

in technology

is

responsible

for

the

advancements

in

the

fields

of

manufacturing

,

transportation

,

medicine

etc.as

well

as

housing

.

For

example

,

with

the

usage

of

electricity

,

life

became

easier

and

improved

the

efficiency

of

people

all

around

the

world

. Slide3

In other words, the most important contribution of technology to society is making the lives of

common people much easier and helping them achieve what was previously not possible.Different ways of impact of technology on housingwww.lansdowne-photography.co.ukwww.cityproject.skSlide4

In other words, the most important contribution of technology to society is making the lives of

common people much easier and helping them achieve what was previously not possible.Different ways of impact of technology on housingSmart houses / comfort / not necessarily visibleDesign/ shapes/ forms / High Techwww.cityproject.sk

www.lansdowne-photography.co.ukSlide5

Intelligent /smart housesA smart house is a house that has highly advanced automatic

systems for lighting, temperature control, multi-media, security, window and door operations, and many other functions. A smart home appears "intelligent" because its computer systems can monitor so many aspects of daily living.www.iqrf.comSlide6

monitoring (measurement, displaying, ...)sending messages about the statecheckingresponse to the situation (rain, frost

, ...)

simulation of presence in a flatsolving exceptions (illegal penetration, fire)comparison to required state and executing required operations or sending a warning via SMS or e-mail in case of aberrationFor such automatized building there is a possibility of controlling even remotely. In addition to this, the system can perform even additional functions:

Video

door

phone

Camera

systems

Alarm

systems

Solar

panels

Slide7

High Tech architectureHigh-tech architecture, also known as Late Modernism or Structural

Expressionism

, is an architectural style that emerged in the 1970s, incorporating elements of high-tech industry and technology into building design. Characteristics of high-tech architecture have varied somewhat, yet all have accentuated technical elements. They included the prominent display of the building's technical and functional components, and an orderly arrangement and use of

pre-fabricated elements.

HSBC

Main

Building

,

Hong

Kong

Lloyd

's

building

, London

Pompidou

center, Paris

www.

galinsky.com

www.

rtaflondon.com

.

forum.skyscraperpage.comSlide8

Nowadays talking about technology and its impact on architecture and housing – nothing

is

impossible - Urban skyscraper farms - Floating eco-cities - Glowing solar towers - Turbine-driven skyscrapers - Magnetically levitated wind collectorsExample – design od apartment building / scyscraper using modern technologieswww.archiinspire.comSlide9

Lilypad ProjectThe idea is to create a series of floating

self-sufficient ocean-going eco-city islands. Each one would be able to house 50,000 residents and would support a great deal of biodiversity. Collecting pools located in their centers would gather and filter water for use on board. These would be places for adventurers and refugees alike as water levels rise around the world and threaten many,

particularly island, habitats.

www.

weburbanist.comSlide10

Eco Factor: Housing project designed to generate renewable energy.10 Raison architectshave drawn inspiration from the magnificent Eiffel Tower to design a futuristic housing high-rise for Zaabeel Park in Dubai. The plan focuses on the use of sustainable materials and renewable energy generators to lower the carbon footprint of the high-rise.

www.

weburbanist.comSlide11

Bibligraphywww.weburbanist.comwww.archinspire.comwww.greatbuildings.comwww.iarf.comwww.smarthouse.com.auwww.automatedbuildings.com/news

www.

intelligenbuildings.comSlide12

What is “vernacular” housing, today?Tatiana Švecová,Arquitectura La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull

October

15, 2010Slide13

Definitions / quotes In 1964 the exhibition Architecture

Without

Architects was put on at the Museum of Modern Art, New York by Bernard Rudofsky. It was Rudofsky who first made use of the term vernacular in an architectural context, and brought the concept into the eye of the public and of mainstream architecture:

"For

want

of

a

generic

label

we

shall

call

it

vernacular

,

anonymous

,

spontaneous

,

indigenous

,

rural

, as

the

case

may

be

."

The

Encyclopedia

of

Vernacular

Architecture

of

the

World

defines

vernacular

architecture

as:

...

comprising

the

dwellings

and

all

other

buildings

of

the

people

.

Related

to

their

environmental

contexts

and

available

resources

they

are

customarily

owner

-

or

community

-

built

,

utilizing

traditional

technologies

.

All

forms

of

vernacular

architecture

are

built

to

meet

specific

needs

,

accommodating

the

values

,

economies

and

ways

of

life

of

the

cultures

that

produce

them

. Slide14

Ronald Brunskill has defined the ultimate in vernacular architecture as: ...a building designed

by

an amateur without any training in design; the individual will have been guided by a series of conventions built up in his locality, paying little attention to what may be fashionable. The function of the building would be the dominant factor, aesthetic considerations, though present

to some small

degree

,

being

quite

minimal

.

Local

materials

would

be

used

as a

matter

of

course

,

other

materials

being

chosen

and

imported

quite exceptionally.

Frank

Lloyd

Wright

described

vernacular

architecture

as

"Folk

building

growing

in response to

actual

needs

,

fitted

into

environment

by

people

who

knew

no

better

than

to fit

them

with

native

feeling"

.

Slide15

Vernacular architecture is influenced by a great range of different aspects of human

behaviour and environment, leading to differing building forms for almost every different context; even neighbouring villages may have subtly different approaches to the construction and use of their dwellings, even if they at first appear the same.Aspects - climate , culture,environment and materials,

economic situation , lifestyle,traditions

etc

.

Toda

hut

, India

Tibet

www.

skyscrapercity.com

www.

tibet

heritagefund.orgSlide16

IglooRondavel, Cameroon

Jungle

hut, Brazilwww.adventureland.comwww.traditionorale.cawww.en.wikipedia.orgSlide17

Paul Oliver, in his book Dwellings, states: "...it is contended that 'popular architecture' designed by professional architects

or

commercial builders for popular use, does not come within the compass of the vernacular.„Popular architecture vs. vernacular architecturewww.archdaily.comwww.blog.100-mile-house.orgSlide18

Contemporary Vernacular ArchitectureOn-nuch garage slum - the biggest garbage disposal area in Bangkok. The

house

is built from carefully selected garbage and left over - metal boxes for snacks. The details are well thought, so well thought that we as an architect are amazed. The owner / builder of the house is a man of his 40s, who never built anything in his life before.... An excellent example of Contemporary

Vernacular Architecture?Slide19

The detail of the opening of the house.Slide20

The roof tiles are made of the metal boxes cut into small pieces too.Slide21

The columns are reinforce concrete molded by the metal bins, without removing the mold afterward!http://phiphi-design-workshop.blogspot.comSlide22

Ahwaz, Iran, Sandbag projectAfter extensive research into

vernacular

earth building methods in Iran, followed by detailed prototyping, was developed the sandbag or ‘superadobe’ system. The basic construction technique involves filling sandbags with earth and laying them in courses in a circular plan. The circular courses are corbelled near the top to form a dome. Barbed wire is laid between courses to prevent the sandbags from shifting

and to provide earthquake

resistance

. Hence

the

materials

of

war

-

sandbags

and

barbed

wire

- are

used

for

peaceful

ends

,

integrating

traditional

earth

architecture

with contemporary

global safety requirements.Slide23

Because the structures use local resources onsite earth and human hands they are entirely sustainable.

Men

and women, old and young, can build since the maximum weight lifted is an earth-filled can to pour into the bags. Barbed wire and sandbags are supplied locally, and the stabilizer is also usually locally sourced. Slide24

http://www.akdn.org/ArchitectureSlide25

Quinta Monroy, Iquique, ChileThe Chilean Government asked us to resolve the

following

equation:To settle the 100 families of the Quinta Monroy, in the same 5,000 sqm site that they have illegally occupied for the last 30 years which is located in the very center of Iquique, a city in the Chilean desert.http://www.elementalchile.comSlide26

If to answer the question, one starts assuming 1 house = 1 family = 1 lot, we were

able to host just 30 families in the site. The problem with isolated houses, is that they are very inefficient in terms of land use. That is why social housing tends to look for land that costs as little as possible. That land, is normally far away from the opportunities of work, education, transportation and health that cities offer. This

way of operating has tended

to

localize

 

social

housing

 in

an

impoverished

urban

sprawl

,

creating

belts

of

resentment

,

social

conflict

and

inequity

.

http://www.

elementalchile.com

http://www.

elementalchile.comSlide27

Bibligraphyhttp://phiphi-design-workshop.blogspot.comhttp://www.elementalchile.comhttp://www.akdn.org/Architecturewww.archdaily.comwww.blog.100-mile-house.org

www.

skyscrapercity.comwww.tibetheritagefund.org

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