PPT-PRESUPPOSITION AND ENTAILMENT

PRESUPPOSITION AND ENTAILMENT A presupposition is something the speaker assumes to be the case prior to making an utterance Speakers not sentences have presupposition Example 1 Marys brother bought three houses. The study of how presuppositions project is the study of if/when/how the presuppositions of complex sentences are inherited from presuppositions of their parts.. [. IP. ………….[. XP. and entailment. A presupposition is something the speaker assumes to be the case prior to making an utterance. Speakers, not sentences, have presuppositions.. An entailment is something that logically follows from what is asserted in the utterance. Sentences, not speakers, have entailments.. Unit . 4 . Vocabulary. 1) . Acquiescence . n.. Agreement with a statement or proposal to do something. We cannot sit in silent . acquiescence. to the incredible injustice of the government’s actions.. LIN1180 – Semantics. Lecture 10. Part 1 (from last week). Theories of presupposition: the semantics-pragmatics interface. Two main approaches. Presupposition as a property of sentences. under this view, presupposition is part of linguistic meaning. Presupposition. Presupposition is a necessary PRECONDITION for the processing of communication. It involves the existence of some objects or ideas. Presupposition (2). Here we PRESUPPOSE that there exists something which is as juicy as a fruit.. QA4MRE, . and Machine Reading. Peter Clark. Vulcan Inc.. What is . Machine Reading?. Not (just). parsing + word senses. Construction of a . coherent representation. of the scene the text describes. The common ground in a conversation is the set of propositions that the interlocutors agree are true.. Common Grounds differ depending on who the participants are, and the time of conversation. . In our common ground:. definite. ( For Wexler,this difference is a difference in the child Randy . Goebel. Alberta Innovates Centre for Machine Learning. Department of Computing Science. University of Alberta. Edmonton, Alberta . Canada. rgoebel@ualberta.ca. Fuji-san. BIRS. Science or Engineering?. Board Talk Wrap Up. What do we know about the characters and how?. Discuss your board at your table with this question in mind.. Character and Theme. Categorize/Group these characters. What themes is Austen setting up through her characters?. Open-IE . meets . Knowledge . Representation. Ido Dagan. Bar-. Ilan. University, Israel. Knowledge Representation (KR). Two complementary frameworks:. Knowledge graphs. Formal pre-specified schema & predicates. ENTAILMENT. 4.1 Presupposition. 4.2 Types of Presupposition. 4.3 The Projection Problem. 4.4 Ordered Entailment. Introduction. : something that the speaker assumes to be the case before making an utterance. Asher Stern & . Ido. Dagan. ISCOL. June 2011, Israel. 1. Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE). Given a text, . T. , and a hypothesis, . H. Does . T. entail . H. 2. T. : . An explosion caused by gas took place at a . Osoba , Joseph. “ A o f Wole Soyinka ’ s The Trials o f Brother Jero ” , Crossroads. A Journal of English Studies 4 (1/2014), 34 - 49. Joseph Osoba The University of Lagos A Linguistic Anal