The importance of sphincters 2 Major Functions of the Digestive System Excretion 3 Structure of the Gastrointestinal Tract Wall Extramural glands Aka Enteroendocrine cells 4 Liver Gallbladder and Associated Ducts ID: 1043205
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1. 1Anatomy of the Digestive SystemThe importance of sphincters!
2. 2Major Functions of the Digestive SystemExcretion
3. 3Structure of the Gastrointestinal Tract WallExtramural glandsAka Enteroendocrine cells
4. 4Liver, Gallbladder, and Associated DuctsMain secretions of Liver: bile salts for emulsification of fats and bicarbonate
5. 5How are these exocrine secretions regulated?
6. Recall Components of a Reflex Arc6StimulusReceptorsAfferent PathwayIntegratorEfferent PathwayEffectorsResponseEnteroendocrine cellsHormonesGlands, Smooth Muscles, Sphincters
7. 7Basic Principles of ControlLuminal stimuli: distension of the wall by the volume of luminal contentsChyme osmolarityChyme acidityChyme concentration of specific digestion productsHormonal regulationNeural regulation comes through the CNS and ENS:Enteric nervous systemSubmucosal plexusMyenteric plexusCNS contributions to neural control of the GI system through regulation of the SNS and PSNS.
8. 8Cholecystokinin
9. 9Stomach AKA Cardiac Sphincter
10. 10Gastric GlandpH
11. 11Regulation of HCl Secretion
12. 12Pepsin SecretionWhy has natural selection resulted in the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin in the lumen of the stomach?
13. 13PancreasExocrine cells here secreteZYMOGENS (which require modification to become enzymes!)Why zymogens?
14. 14Trypsin SecretionZymogensWhat controls secretion of bicarbonate and zymogens from the pancreas?
15. 15Control of Pancreatic HCO3- Secretion
16. 16Control of Pancreatic Zymogen SecretionWhat else does CCK do?
17. Regulation of Bile Flow17
18. Large Intestine18